TUMOR CHART Flashcards
Osteoma peak age
Peak at 4th and 5th decade
Osteoma Malignancy:
Benign
Osteoma Location:
Frontal or Ethmoid sinuses (MC), mandible, skull
Osteoma Radiologic:
Round or oval, very radiopaque, less than 2 cm
Enostoma (bone island) peak age:
Any age, more common in adults
Enostoma (bone island) gender:
Equal
Enostoma Malignancy:
Benign
Enostoma (bone island) origin/gen. location:
Usually in epiphysis of metaphysis
Enostoma (bone island) Location:
MC in upper femurs, ischium, ilium, ribs
Enostoma (bone island) Radiologic:
Sharply demarcated or thorny radiations (brush border), small, round/ovoid
Enostoma (bone island) Clinical:
Asymptomatic, occasionally may grow, don’t alter blood chemistry
Enostoma (DDX)
Osteoblastic metastasis, osteoid osteoma, osteoma, osteosarcoma
Osteoid Osteoma (Incidence):
11% of all benign (common)
Osteoid Osteoma (age):
MC 10-15 y.o.
Osteoid Osteoma (gender)
2:1 male to female
Osteoid Osteoma (malignancy):
Benign
Osteoid Osteoma (origin/gen location):
In metaphysis/diaphysis of long bones
Osteoid Osteoma location:
50% in femur and tibia 10 & in spine cortex most common
Osteoid Osteoma Radiologic:
Small lucent surrounded by dense sclerotic, nidus/sequestrum
Osteoid Osteoma Clinical:
Severe pain (worse at night), muscle atrophy, limp
Osteoid Osteoma DDX:
Brodie’s abscess (prime) stress fracture
Osteoblastoma incidence:
RARE
Osteoblastoma Age:
MC 10-20 y.o.
Osteoblastoma Gender:
2:1 male to female
Osteoblastoma Malignancy
benign
Osteoblastoma origin/gen location
in metaphysis and diaphysis (MC in diaphysis)
Osteoblastoma Location
Neural arch MC, SP, TP, lamina, long bones
Osteoblastoma Radiologic:
Expansile region with eggshell-thin cortical rim, spinal are radiolucent (can become sclerotic), nidus, thins cortex
Osteoblastoma clinical:
Localized pain, painful scoliosis
Enchondroma incidence:
Most common benign of hand, 2nd most
Enchondroma Age:
3rd Decade
Enchondroma Malignancy:
Benign
Enchondroma Origin/gen location:
Centrally placed in metaphysis
Enchondroma Location:
50% in the hand (thumb rare), foot, femur, humerus, ribs
Enchondroma Radiologic:
Radiolucent, expands the bone w/ cortex intact, can be stippled or scalloped
Enchondroma Clincial
Clinical manifestations are rare
Chondroblastoma Incidence:
rare
Chondroblastoma Age:
10-25 y.o.
Chondroblastoma Gender:
2:1 male to female
Chondroblastoma Malginancy:
Benign
Chondroblastoma origin/gen location:
Epiphysis
Chondroblastoma Location:
Knee, hip, shoulder (tuberosity of humerous, trochanter of femur)
Chondroblastoma Radiologic:
Eccentric, cotton wool calcification, bone expansion, chicken wire calcification, sclerotic rim
Chondroblastoma Clinial
pain in joint
Chondroblastoma DDX:
Brodie’s abscess, eosinophilic granuloma, ischemic necrosis
Chondromixoid Fibroma incidence:
Rare, least common benign cartilage tumor
Chondromixoid fibroma age:
10-30 yo
Chondromixoid fibroma malignancy
benign
Chondromixoid fibroma origin/gen location
eccentric metaphyseal
Chondromixoid fibroma location:
MC tibia (prox 1/3) around knee
Chondromixoid fibroma radiologic:
eccentric, endosteal scalloping, expansion, soap bubble
Chondromixoid fibroma clinical:
Localized pain with occasional swelling
Chondromixoid fibroma DDX
bone cyst
Osteosarcoma Incidence
2nd most common primary malignant tumor
Osteosarcoma age:
10-25 yo
Osteosarcoma gender:
2:1 male to female
Osteosarcoma malignancy
Malignant
Osteosarcoma origin gen location
metaphysis MC location
Osteosarcoma location:
long bones of the extremities, knee and shoulder MC
Osteosarcoma radiographic:
Sunburst, Codman’s triangle, 50% radiopaque, soft tissue mass, cloud
Osteosarcoma clinical:
painful swelling at site of lesion, unknown etiology
Osteochondroma incidence
Most common benign
Osteochondroma age
before age 20
Osteochondroma gender
2:1 male to female
Osteochondroma malignancy
benign
Osteochondroma origin/gen location:
metaphysis
Osteochondroma location:
femur, humerus, tibia, knee MC
Osteochondroma radiologic
thick, irregular calcified cap, bone destruction, soft tissue mass, cauliflower, coat hanger
Osteochondroma clinical
Asymptomatic, pain with complications
Hereditary multiple exostosis age
2-10 yo
Hereditary multiple exostosis malignancy
benign
Hereditary multiple exostosis location
knee, ankle, shoulder, wrist
Hereditary multiple exostosis radiograph:
Bayonet hand deformity, scalloped margin, cauliflower, thickening of femoral neck
Hereditary multiple exostosis clinical:
painless, lumpy joints
Chondrosarcoma incidence:
3rd most common primary malignant bone tumor
Chondrosarcoma age
40-60 yo
Chondrosarcoma gender:
2:1 male to female
Chondrosarcoma malignancy
malignant
Chondrosarcoma origin/ gen. location
in metaphysis or diaphysis (less than 2% epiphysis)
Chondrosarcoma location:
pelvis & prox femur MC, humerus
Chondrosarcoma radiographic:
Round/oval, endosteal scalloping, popcorn matrix, 1/3 radiolucent, laminated or spiculated periosteal
Chondrosarcoma clinical:
pain, swelling, constipation and bladder issues possible
Giant cell tumor incidence
relatively common, MC benign of sacrum
Giant cell tumor age
20-40 yo
Giant cell tumor gender:
benign more common in females, malignant more common in males
Giant cell tumor malignancy:
80% benign
Giant cell tumor origin/gen location:
usually in metaphysis, extends into epiphysis (subarticular area)
Giant cell tumor location:
Distal femur MC, prox tibia, distal radius, prox humerus
Giant cell tumor radiologic:
Eccentric, radiolucent, cortex expanded and thinned, wide zone of transition, soap bubble
Giant cell tumor clinical:
aching pain, swelling, tenderness, joint movement restriction
