Tumor And Tumor Like Processes Flashcards
What are the most common malignant tumors of the skeleton?
Metastatic bone tumors
Approximately __________ of all malignant tumors are metastatic origin
70%
Approximately only ________ being primary in nature.
30%
Most malignant tumors of bones are metastasis from a __________ extra skeletal focus, the majority are epithelial in origin
Primary
What are the most common primary sites of malignant tumors of bones?
Breast ,lung,prostate,kidney,thyroid and bowel
What is the usual route of tumor embolism?
Vascular system
Those bones that are rich in red bone marrow are predisposed to develop osseous metases; the target sites are the ?
Axial skeleton,skull and proximal extremities
What represents the 3rd most common site of metastatic carcinoma?
Bone
What cancer represents for 80% of all metastsic cancer to bone?
Breast,prostate,lung and kidney
In females what carcinoma is responsible for approximately 70% of all bony metastasis?
Breast
In males, what carcinoma is responsible for about 60% of all skeletal metastates?
Prostate
What is the most common malignant tumors of bones?
Multiple myeloma
What is the second most common malignant bone lesion?
Osteosarcoma
What is the third most common malignant bone lesion?
Chondrosarcoma
What is the fourth most common malignant bone tumor?
Ewing’s sarcoma
Metastatic osseous lesions occurring in children < 5 years of age are caused by?
Neuroblastoma
Metastatic osseous lesions occurring between 10 and 20 years of age are caused by?
Ewing’s sarcoma and osteosarcoma .
Between 20-35 years of age, what is the most common source for skeletal metastases?
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
What are the pathways cancers metastatize?
Direct extension
Lymphatic channels
Hematogenous dissemination
What is the most common way cancer spread ?
Hematogenous dissemination
Carcincoma of the uterus is well known to cause direct extension to the ?
Iliac bones
What benign conditions can render a positive bone scan?
Pages disease, fibrous dysplasia, fracture, osteomyelitis,osteoid osteoma ,osteoblastoma,arthrides ,and ischemic necroses
Which is the most common roentgen signs of bone metastasis?
Osteolytic
A moth eastern or premative pattern of bone destruction is classic and occurs most frequently with?
Breast and lung carcinoma
How can you tell the difference between primary vs secondary tumors?
Periosteal response
Appearance of soft tissue mass
Long lesions >6cm , metastatic tumors range between 2 and 4 cm in length
What is the most common osseous site for metastatic to occur?
The spine
What is one eye pedicle sign/ winking owl sign? Where is it most commonly found?
Destruction of the posterior vertebral body with contiguous involvement of the pedicle attachment results in loss of the cortical outline of the pedicle
What view does one-eyed pedicle sign or as the winking owl sign best visualized on radiographs?
AP radiograph
What is the most common cause for missing pedicle ?
Osteolytic metastatic carcinoma
Destruction of a pedicle in a patient < 30 years of age is most commonly the result of?
Aneurysmal bone cyst
What is ivroy vertebrae?
When a singular vertebral body is involved exhibiting a disuse homogeneous radiopacity
What are the most common causes for an ivory vertebrae?
Osteoblastic metastatic carcinoma
Paget’s disease ( osteitis deformans)
Hodgkin Disease
Signs of Paget’s Disease on a radiograph?
Squaring off of the anterior surface of the vertebral body, cortical thickening and bone expansion
Signs of Hodgkin’s lymphoma on a radiography?
Anterior vertebral concavity
Age range of Hodgkin’s patients?
Age of Paget’s disease and osteoblastic metastatic carcinoma?
20-40
>50 year age group
What is the most common causes for calvarial lytic metastatic?
Thyroid and breast carincoma
What is the most common causes for calvarial blastic lesions tumors?
Prostate and carcinoid tumors
How can you tell the difference between myeloma and metastasis hole?
Myeloma lesion usually similar in size
metastatic disease demonstrates large and small lesions
