Tulving’s Types Of Long Term Memory

Question 1

What is Episodic Memory?

Answer 1

• LTM store for personal events.
• Includes memories of when events occurred and of people, objects, places and behaviours involved.
• Time stamped.
• Conscious effort required to recall memories.
• Declarative - can be explained verbally.

Question 2

What is Semantic Memory?

Answer 2

• LTM store for our knowledge of the world.
• Includes and facts and knowledge of what words and concepts mean.
• Not time stamped.
• Conscious effort to recall memories.
• Declarative - can be explained verbally.

Question 3

What is Procedural Memory?

Answer 3

• LTM store for our knowledge of how to do things.
• Includes memories of learned skills.
• Not time stamped.
• No conscious effort required during retrieval.
• Non Declarative - can not be explained easily verbally.

Question 4

Evaluation of types of LTM - Clinical Evidence

Answer 4

• Evidence from case studies to support.
• Case study of Clive Wearing demonstrates that episodic memory was severely impacted due to amnesia. Had difficulty recalling events that had happened to him in the past but semantic memories were unaffected. Suggests that Tulving’s View of different memory stores in LTM is accurate if one store can be damaged and others remain unaffected.
• Strength - evidence that there must be different types of long term memory.