Tulane (Module Exam)

Question 1

Define cornual pregnancy

Answer 1

Ectopic pregnancy in intrauterine portion of fallopian tube

Question 2

Define chronic follicular salpingitis

Answer 2

Inflammation, scarring d/t PID (common cause of ectopic pregnancy)

Question 3

What causes hydrops fetalis

Answer 3

Parvovirus B19 (aka 5ths disease)

Question 4

Genes associated with low-grade ovarian surface epithelial tumors

Answer 4

KRAS/BRAF/HER2

Question 5

Which ovarian tumor is associated with cystic teratomas?

Answer 5

Mucinous

Question 6

Gene associated with ovarian mucinous tumors

Answer 6

KRAS

Question 7

Define strauma ovarii

Answer 7

Thyroid tissue in an ovarian teratoma

Question 8

HPV genital warts treatment

Answer 8

Podofilox + imiquimod

Question 9

What type of virus is HPV?

Answer 9

Circular, nonenveloped dsDNA

Question 10

Granulosa cell tumor marker

Answer 10

Inhibin

Question 11

Disease associated with chancre; disease associated with chancroid

Answer 11

Syphilis (treponema); Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 12

Haemophilus ducreyi culture medium requirements

Answer 12

“Chocolate agar” requires hematin (X-factor) and NAD (V factor)

Question 13

HSV type of virus

Answer 13

Enveloped dsDNA

Question 14

Trichomonas vaginalis presentation

Answer 14

Yellow-green frothy discharge, vaginal erythema (strawberry cervix), musty odor

Question 15

Pubic lice treatment

Answer 15

Permethrin/pyrethrin (make sure everyone treated at same time)

Question 16

Basal (myoepithelial) cells in breast IHC stain

Answer 16

p63

Question 17

Define hyperemia

Answer 17

Incr. # of blood vessels

Question 18

Risk factor associated with fat necrosis of breast

Answer 18

Trauma (e.g. seatbelt, surgery)

Question 19

Phyllodes tumor vs. fibroadenoma differentiation

Answer 19

Leaf-like pattern (Phyllodes); overgrowth of fibrous component (Phyllodes); adolescent & young adult (fibroadenoma) vs postmenopausal (Phyllodes)

Question 20

Types of DCIS

Answer 20

Micropapillary, Cribiform, Solid, Comedo

Question 21

Risk factors for DCIS recurrence

Answer 21

Comedo, size, margins, High nuclear grade

Question 22

Adrenal insufficiency general sx

Answer 22

Weakness, hypotension, weight loss, hyperpigmentation (only primary)

Question 23

ACE inhibitors side effects

Answer 23

Cough
Angioedema
Proteinuria (reduction in type II diabetes)
Taste changes
Orthostatic hypotension
Pregnancy (contraindicated)
Rash
Incr. renin (and decr. Angiotensin II ofc)
Lyte disturbances (d/t hyperkalemia)

Question 24

What type of endometrial cancer is associated with microsatellite instability?

Answer 24

Type I (hyperplastic/estrogen-driven)

Question 25

Hobnail cells

Answer 25

Clear cell cancer (ovarian or endometrial)

Question 26

MMMT stereotypical patient

Answer 26

Older woman with h/o pelvic radiation

Question 27

Number 1 way to prevent infections in diabetes

Answer 27

Glucose control glucose control glucose control

Question 28

Define epistaxis

Answer 28

Bleeding from nose

Question 29

Symptoms/sequelae of hypercalcemia (that you want to remember)

Answer 29

Acute pancreatitis, constipation, PUD, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis (Ca oxalate), depression, shortened QT interval

Question 30

What is considered THE feared complication/sequelae of primary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 30

Decr. BMD (d/t sequelae)

Question 31

Treatment for tertiary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 31

Surgery or cinacalcet

Question 32

Vitamin D "classical" roles

Answer 32

Ca++ absorption, bone metabolism, neuromuscular function

Question 33

Pseudohypoparathyroidism presentation

Answer 33

Labs: incr. PTH, decr. Ca++, incr. PO4- - Type 1a: shortened 4th metacarpal, knuckle dimpling - Type 1b: same pathophys w/o phenotypic effects (except skeletal changes) - Type 2: mild

Question 34

Paget's disease genetics

Answer 34

SQSTM1

Question 35

Define Plummers Syndrome

Answer 35

Toxic multinodular goiter

Question 36

Headache + vision problems...

Answer 36

Brain tumor until proven otherwise

Question 37

"Bloody nipple discharge"

Answer 37

Intraductal papilloma number 1 (cancer is tempting and can be on differential, but not 1st place)

Question 38

Congenital Rubella presentation

Answer 38

Thrombocytopenia ("blueberry muffin baby," not unique), heart things (PDA), eye things (cataracts), brain things

Question 39

Risk factors for Candida albicans vaginal colonization

Answer 39

Diabetes, feminine products, recent abx use