Tuesday test Flashcards
science
what is buoyancy
the upward force that a fluid exerts on an object placed on it
what is viscosity
a measure of how thick or sticky a fluid is
how do solids, liquid, and gas particles move
solids vibrate, liquids slide, and gases move freely
formula for density
mass divided by volume
definition of density
density is how much mass is packed into a certain volume of space
what is a pneumatic system
a pneumatic system uses compressed air for control and movement
what is a hydraulic system
a hydraulic system uses a liquid, usually oil or water, to transmit force
pascals law
a change in pressure at any point in a fluid that flows throughout the fluid in all directions
effect of heat on the movement of particles
heat increases the speed of particles
example of a pump in the human body
the heart
compressibility
all about how much a substance can be squished, or compressed into a smaller volume
flow rate
the amount of fluid that flows in a given time across a given distance
pressure
the amount of force applied per unit area
hy heating a gas leads to an increase in its pressure and explain why compressing a gas leads to an increase in its pressure. Make Sure you discuss what happens to the gas particles in your answers.
heating a gas increases its pressure due to increased particle speed and collisions; compressing a gas increases pressure due to reduced volume and more frequent collisions
What is one reason why gases are best for pneumatic systems and one reason why liquids are best for hydraulic systems?
Gases are ideal for pneumatic systems because they are compressible, allowing for quick adjustments in pressure and volume. Liquids are best for hydraulic systems since they are incompressible, providing consistent force transmission.
What are three factors that affect the flow of fluids? For each one, give an example of how it affects the flow of fluids.
Three factors that affect fluid flow are viscosity, pressure, and temperature. Thicker fluids like honey flow slower than water due to higher viscosity. Pressure can increase flow, like when you squeeze a toothpaste tube. Warmer fluids, like oil, flow easier than colder, thicker fluids.
