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Tuberculosis Flashcards

1
Q

highly infectious chronic disease caused by tubercle bacilli

A

Pulmonary tuberculosis

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2
Q

CAUSATIVE AGENTS
(MT,MA,MB)

A

-microbacterium tuberculin
-microbacterium africanum
-microbacterium bovis

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3
Q

TB among children

A

Primary tuberculosis

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4
Q

Two types of TB
(PTB,EPTB)

A

-Pulmonary Tuberculosis
-Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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5
Q

A type of TB Confine in the lungs

A

Pulmonary tuberculosis

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6
Q

A type of the that affect the other organs

A

Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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7
Q

Mode of transmission
(D,A,D,I)

A

Droplets
Airborne
Direct invasion
Ingestion of unpasteurized milk

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8
Q

Postulation temperature to destroy the bacteria in the milk

A

60 degrees for 30 minutes
11.6 degrees for 15 minutes

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9
Q

Intubation period

A

2-8 weeks

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10
Q

PERIOD OF COMMUNICABILITY

A

-While bacillus in the sputum
-Good compliance to regimen– not contagious 2-4 weeks after

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11
Q

Enclosed space for 3 months

A

Close contact

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12
Q

Enclosed environment, skin to skin contact (prison cell)

A

High risk group

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13
Q

Patient with aids,HIV,Diabetes Mellitus and renal failure; due to decrease immune system

A

High risk clinical

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14
Q

Cardinal signs of TUBERCULOSIS
(P,NS,WL,A,H,L)

A

-Persistent cough
-Night sweat
-weight loss
-Anorexia
-Hemoptysis
- Low grade fever in the afternoon

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15
Q

Diagnostic test for tuberculosis
(D,X,T,)

A

Direct Sputum smear microscopy
Xray
TB Skin test

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16
Q

When to get sputum for conventional strategy of (Spot)

A

The next day early in the morning

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17
Q

When to get sputum for of Spot-Spot

A

1st: get it immediately
2nd: after 1 hour
3rd: early in the morning the next day

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18
Q

To identify pathogenic organisms and to determine whether malignant cells
are present.

A

Sputum test

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19
Q

Usual method: _____

A

Expectoration

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20
Q

Why do you need to Instruct the patient to clear nose and throat and rinse mouth to decrease contamination of sputum

A

Because it can lead to inaccurate result

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21
Q

Why do you need to instruct the patient that After taking few deep breaths, patient coughs rather than spits using the diaphragm and expectorates into a sterile container.

A

To get an accurate result

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22
Q

Deepest specimen from the base of the lungs: obtained in ______ after they have accumulated overnight.

A

Morning

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23
Q

Specimen delivered to the lab within ____hours: prevents overgrowth of microorganisms

A

2 hours

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24
Q

What if it is beyond 2 hours

A

Put it in the refrigerator

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25
Why do you Offer oral hygiene after collection
To decrease the taste of sputum
26
Detects fluids, tumors, foreign bodies and other pathologic conditions
Chest xray
27
Does chest xray Usually taken after full inspiration or deep breath:
Yes
28
Instruct to remove __________________
Jewel or metal
29
IF TWO SPUTUM ARE POSITIVE
It means its positive
30
IF ONE POSITIVE AND ONE NEGATIVE
Retake
31
Classification based on history of previous TB treatment (patient registration group) (N,R,T,T,O,P)
1.NEW 2.Relapse patients 3.Treatment after failure patients 4. Treatment after loss to follow-up patients 5. Other previously treated patients 6. Patients with unknown previous TB treatment history
32
Not diagnose yet or before Patient taken anti-tuberculosis dug for 2 months
New
33
Recover but was diagnosed again
Relapse patient
34
Undergoes treated but fails
Treatment after failure patients
35
Didn’t go for treatment for 2 months then came back
Treatment after loss to follow-up patients
36
No known treatment No document history
Other previously treated patients
37
Any patient who doesn’t feat to any category
Patients with unknown previous TB treatment history
38
DOTS stand for
Directly Observed Treatment Short Course
39
Medication phase (I,M)
Intensive phase Maintenance phase
40
Length of Intensive phase
2 months
41
Length of Maintenance phase
4 months
42
RECOMMENDED CATEGORY OF TREATMENT REGIMEN (C,C,C,C)
1.C1 2.C2 3. C3 4. C4
43
-New TB patient -positive sputum test -extensive parenchyma lesion -seriously ill
C1
44
Length of Intensive phase of C1
2 months
45
Length of maintenance phase of C1
4 months
46
Medication of C1 during intensive phase (2HRZE)
Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide ethambutol
47
Medication of C1 during maintenance phase (4HR)
Isoniazid Rifampicin
48
-relapse patient -treatment failure -after default and return -others
C2
49
Legnth of C2 during intensive phase
2 months
50
Legnth of C2 during maintenance phase
5 months
51
Medication of C2 during intensive phase (2HRZES)
Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide Ethambutol Streptomycin
52
Medication of C2 during maintenance phase (5HRE)
Isoniazid Rifampicin Ethambutol
53
-new patient -minimal parenchyma lesion - not seriously ill
C3
54
Length of C3 during intensive phase
2 months
55
Length of C3 during maintenance phase
4 months
56
Medication of C3 during intensive phase (2HRZ)
Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide
57
Medication of C3 during maintenance phase (4HR)
Isoniazid Rifampicin
58
Chronic PTB Positive PTB Positive sputum after supervise
C4
59
Medication of C4
No medication
60
First line of medication for TB (R,I,P,E,S)
Rifampicin isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol Streptomycin
61
Second line of medication (injectables) (F,A)
Flouroquinalones Aminoglycosides
62
Second line of medication base on the classification of Flouroquinalones (C,L,M)
Ciprofloxacin Levofloxacin Moxifloxacin
63
Second line of medication base on the classification of Aminoglycosides (A,K,C)
Amikacin Kanamycin Capreomycin
64
Discontinue and refer when the following are present: (J,V,T,O,P,T)
●Jaundice – ●Visual impairment – ●Tinnitus and hearing impairment – ●Oliguria and albuminuria – ●Psychosis and convulsion – ●Thrombocytopenia and anemia -
65
Side effects of RIPE
Jaundice
66
Side effect of ethambutol
Visual impairment
67
Side effect of streptomycin
Tinnitus and hearing impairment
68
Side effect of streptomycin and rifampicin
Oliguria and albuminuria
69
Side effect of isoniazid
Psychosis and convulsion
70
Side effect of rifampicin
Thrombocytopenia and anemia
71
Multiple drug therapy (D,M,X,XX,T)
DR- TB- MDR- TB- XDR- TB- XXDR- TB- TDR- TB-
72
DR- TB stand for
Drug resistant tuberculosis
73
DR-TB is resistant to
Isoniazid
74
MDR- TB stands for
Multiple drug resistant tuberculosis
75
MDR- TB is resistant to;
Rifampicin and isoniazid
76
XDR- TB stands for
Extensive drug resistant tuberculosis
77
XRD-TB is resistant to
Rifampicin,isoniazid, fluoroquinalones
78
XXDR- TB stand for
Extremely extensive drug resistant tuberculosis
79
XXDR- TB resistant to;
Rifampicin,isoniazid, fluoroquinalones
80
TDR- TB stand for
Total drug resistance tuberculosis
81
TDR- TB is resistant to;
Rifampicin,isoniazid, fluoroquinalones

Respiratory System (2 decks)

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