Tset # 2 Chapter 8

Question 1

Any type of cell division:

1) Diploid (2N)

Answer 1

1) Diploid The total number of chromosomes
Found in some Somatic=body cells
Somatic cells including: Skin, Liver, Kidney, stomach, muscle, etc.

Question 2

Any type of cell division:

2) Haploid (N)

Answer 2

2) Haploid (N) One half the total # of chromosomes in a cell

Found in Gametes= sperm, egg

Question 3

Diploid (2N)/ Haploid (N) Chart
Half the total number comes from the sperm; the other half comes from the egg. Fusion of the haploid sperm (N) and the other haploid egg (N) at fertilization produces the diploid (2N).

Answer 3

Consider one of your liver cells . It has 46 chromosomes (2N). Half the total number (23 N) came from your father’s sperm cells; the other half (23 N) comes from your mother’s egg cell. N+N= 2N.

Question 4

Mitosis
# of chromosomes: Both haploid and diploid cells can undergo Mitosis. KEEPS THE SAME # OF CHROMOSOMES:
N>N OR 2N> 2N

Answer 4

In animals AND in Plants, used for: Growth/ Development of embryo
Repair/replacement of body/somatic cells

Question 5

Meiosis
ONLY diploid cells undergo meiosis.
Cuts the number of chromosomes in half: 2N> N

Answer 5

In animals/humans
Production of gametes (egg/ sperm) ONLY:
Sperm by spermatogenesis
Oocyte by oogenesis
Meiosis occurs ONLY in testis and ovary

Question 6

Asexual Reproduction= Only 1 parent
cell divides by mitosis
No fertilization
No genetic variation: offspring are identical/clones

Answer 6

Sexual Reproduction= 2 parents
Each parent produces haloid(half) gametes. Animals use MEIOSIS to produce gametes.
Haploid gametes fuse at fertilization to restore the diploid number.
Genetic variation.