TS Flashcards
What is the murmur associated with TS?
Diastolic rumble with an opening snap, that varies with respiration.
What loading condition does TS create?
TS causes a pressure overload of the RA.
Isolated or pure TS is ___________
Rare
What is a 2-D indication of RA pressure increase?
IAS bows to the Left
Rheumatic TS Process
*Fusion of the commissures, reduced orifice
*Increased pressure gradient between RA & RV
* RA enlargement
* Dilated IVC (normal < 1.7cm)
* Dilated Hepatics (normal <1.1 cm)
Leads to peripheral edema, ascites, and reduced CO
2-D Features of TS
- Doming of the leaflets in Diastole
- Thickened leaflets, reduced excursion/ orifice
- RAE
- Signs of PHTN from associated MS
What is the most common cause of TS?
Rheumatic Fever. TS rarely occurs alone.
Typically the mitral and aortic valves are affected by Rheumatic Heart Disease prior to the TV
Congenital TS may be due to ______
Ebstein Anomaly
Carcinoid heart disease with TV involvement is a cause of TS. What does this involve?
The TV leaflets are thick and rigid with no change in position from diastole to systole. It also causes TR, PS, and PI.
What are complications associated with TS?
Increased risk of infective endocarditis.
In the event of a clot or tumor, there is increased risk of embolization.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of TS?
Peripheral Edema Abdominal Swelling Right upper quadrant pain Jaundice Ascites
M-Mode appearance
Thickened TV leaflets
Multiple Echos may be visible
Decreased âE-Fâ slope
Anterior motion of the posterior TV leaflet (Due to tethered TV leaflet tips)
The diastolic doming associated with TS is best detected in what views?
LAX or 4C
Why does dialation of the IVC often occur with TS?
Due to the back up of blood and RAE
Severity Scale of TS
Normal TVA- 7-9 cm squared
Severe TS- <2.0 cm squared
