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Trunk and spine respiration > Trunk and spine respiration > Flashcards

Trunk and spine respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What do ligaments connect?

A

Bone to bone

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2
Q

What is the primary purpose of ligaments?

A

prevents excessive movement

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3
Q

What vertebrae are alar ligaments found? Which way do they expand? What do they prevent?

A

Cervical

Obliquely

Prevents side tilt

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4
Q

What do transverse atlantal ligaments prevent?

A

Prevents atlas and head dislocating anteriorly

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5
Q

Where is the posterior logitudinal ligament found?

A

spinal canal

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6
Q

What motion is the ligamentum flavum used for?

A

Yes motion

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7
Q

What ligament is only found in the cervical region?

A

Ligamentum nuchae

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8
Q

Name 8 upper cervical ligaments

A

alar ligaments

transverse atlantal ligament

anterior longitudinal

posterior longitudinal

ligamentum flavum

intertransverse

interspinous

ligamentum nuchae

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9
Q

What percentage of body weigh is transferred onto the sacral base?

A

60%

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10
Q

How many muscles attach to the pelvis?

A

35

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11
Q

What is the upper 2/5 of hip bone?

A

ilium

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12
Q

What is the posterior and lower 2/5 of hip bone

A

ischium

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13
Q

what is the anterior and lower fifth?

A

pubic bone

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14
Q

How many planes can the the pelvic girdle move and how many different motions?

A

3 planes for 6 movements

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15
Q

What plane is anterior/posterior rotation of the pelvic girdle?

A

Sagittal plane

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16
Q

What pane is right and left tilt (rotation) of pelvic girdle?

A

frontal plane

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17
Q

what plane is Right transverse/left transverse rotation of pelvic girdle

A

transverse

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18
Q

What is the normal BMI range

A

18.5-25

19
Q

What muscles aid in flexion of the trunk? (2)

A

Rectus abdominis

Prevertebrals

20
Q

What muscles aid in extension of the trunk (unilaterally or bilaterally)?

A

Post-vertebral

bilaterally

21
Q

What muscles of the trunk are used for Lateral flexion/extension (uni or bilaterally)

A

post vertebrals (unilaterally)

internal/external obliques

quadratus lumborum

22
Q

What muscles are used in trunk rotation? Uni or bi

A

Internal external obliques

postvertebrals (uni)

23
Q

What are muscle actions determined by?

A

What their concentric action is

24
Q

Anterior to vertebral = what? used in what motion?

poster to vertebral = what? used in what motion?

A

pre-vertebral (flexion)

postvertebrals (extension/rotation)

25
Q

What 2 muscles control cervial flexion?

A

Longus capitas/longus colli

scalenes

26
Q

Where are the longus capitus and longus colli found?

A

anterior to vertebral bodies

27
Q

How many scalenes are there?

What are they used for? and What type of it?

Origin? Attachment?

A

3

Respiration (deep)

Arise off of transverse processes and atach to ribs 1and2

28
Q

Actions of sternocleidomastoid?
along with plane of each motion

A
29
Q

Quadratus lumborum

Origin

Insertion

Purpose?

A

posterior inner lip of the iliac crest

lower border of 12th rib and the transverse process of upper 4 lumbar vertebrae

30
Q

Function of psoas major and minor?

A

flex the lumbar spine and the hib

31
Q

What are the two major groups of back muscles?

A

Extrinsic (outer layer)

Intrinsic (inner layer)

32
Q

What are extrinsic muscles associated with? not associated with?

A

Upper limb function and respiration

Not associated with Vertebral column

33
Q

Primary role of intrinsic back muscles

A

Make the VC move and hold posture

34
Q

Extrinsic Muscles of back…

Superficial Layer? (5)

A
35
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the back…

Superficial muscles? 2

Intermediate muscles? 3

deep muscles? 2

A

Extensors and rotators/ splenius capitus and splenius cervicis

spine extensors and rotators/erector spinae/transversopinalis group

interspinalis and intertransversarii

36
Q

What action do the splenius capitis and cervicis do?

A

Bilaterally extensors

37
Q

What action do erector spinae do?

A

Bilaterally extend, ipsilateral assist with lateral flexion/rotation

38
Q

Where does transversospinalis lie?

Key postural role?

A

Under erector spinae

oppose segmental anterior rotation (flexion)

39
Q

Where do intertransversarii muscles attach?

A

Transverse process to transverse process

40
Q

What are the four abdominal muscles?

Functions of each?

A

External and Internal obliques (rotation/flexion/compression/lateral flexion)

Transversus abdominis (compression, “corset”)

Rectus abdominis (flexion and weak rotation)

41
Q

Rectus abdominis attachment?

A

Pubis to xiphoid process and through cartiledge of ribs 5 through 7

42
Q

Where do external obliques attach?

A

iliac crest/pubic bone/ and abdominal aponeurosis to the lower 8 ribs (5-12)

43
Q

Action of external oblique?

A

Contralateral rotation, ipsilateral flexion

44
Q
A

Trunk and spine respiration (1 decks)

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