Trunk and Spinal Column

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

Answer 1

manubrium of the sternum; anterior superior surface of the medial clavicle

Question 2

Sternocleidomastoid Insertion

Answer 2

mastoid process

Question 3

Sternocleidomastoid Actions

Answer 3

extension of head at atlantooccipital joint; cervical flexion, contralateral rotation, and ipsilateral lateral flexion

Question 4

Splenius cervicis Origin

Answer 4

spinous processes of T3-T6

Question 5

Splenius cervicis Insertion

Answer 5

transverse processes of C1-C3

Question 6

Splenius cervicis Actions

Answer 6

cervical extension, ipsilateral rotation, and ipsilateral lateral flexion

Question 7

Splenius capitis Origin

Answer 7

lower half of the ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7 and T1-T4

Question 8

Splenius capitis Insertion

Answer 8

mastoid process and occipital bone

Question 9

Splenius capitis Actions

Answer 9

head extension; cervical extension, ipsilateral rotation, and ipsilateral lateral flexion

Question 10

Iliocostalis Origin

Answer 10

medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from sacrum, posterior ribs 3-12

Question 11

Iliocostalis Insertion

Answer 11

posterior ribs 1-12, transverse processes of C4-7

Question 12

Iliocostalis Actions

Answer 12

spine and head extension, lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation; anterior pelvic rotation; lateral pelvic rotation

Question 13

Longissimus Origin

Answer 13

medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from sacrum, transverse processes of L1-L5, transverse processes of T1-T5, articular processes of C5-C7

Question 14

Longissimus Insertions

Answer 14

spinous processes of C2-C6, transverse processes of T1-T12; lower nine ribs, mastoid process

Question 15

Longissimus Actions

Answer 15

spine and head extension, lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation; anterior pelvic rotation; lateral pelvic rotation

Question 16

Spinalis Origin

Answer 16

ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7, spinous processes of T11-T12, spinous processes of L1-L2

Question 17

Spinalis Insertion

Answer 17

spinous process of C2, spinous processes of T5-T12, occipital bone

Question 18

Spinalis Actions

Answer 18

spine and head extension, lateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation; anterior pelvic rotation; lateral pelvic rotation

Question 19

Quadratus lumborum Origin

Answer 19

posterior inner lip of iliac crest

Question 20

Quadratus lumborum Insertion

Answer 20

1/2 the length of the lower border of the 12th rib and the transverse processes of L1-L4

Question 21

Quadratus lumborum Actions

Answer 21

lateral flexion, stabilize pelvis and lumbar spine; lumbar extension; anterior pelvic rotation; lateral pelvic rotation

Question 22

Rectus abdominis Origin

Answer 22

crest of pubis

Question 23

Rectus abdominis Insertion

Answer 23

cartilage of 5th, 6th, and 7th ribs and the xiphoid process

Question 24

Rectus abdominis Actions

Answer 24

lumbar flexion; posterior pelvic rotation

Question 25

External oblique abdominal Origin

Answer 25

borders of the lower 8 ribs at the side of the chest, dovetailing with the serratus anterior muscle

Question 26

External oblique abdominal Insertions

Answer 26

anterior ½ of crest of ilium, inguinal ligament, crest of the pubis, fascia of the rectus abdominis muscle at the lower front

Question 27

External oblique abdominal Actions

Answer 27

lumbar flexion; posterior pelvic rotation; lumbar lateral flexion; lumbar rotation; lateral pelvic rotation

Question 28

Internal oblique abdominal Origin

Answer 28

upper ½ of the inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 of the crest of ilium, lumbar fascia

Question 29

Internal oblique abdominal Insertion

Answer 29

costal cartilages of 8th, 9th, and 10th ribs and the linea alba

Question 30

Internal oblique abdominal Actions

Answer 30

lumbar flexion; posterior pelvic rotation; lumbar lateral flexion; lumbar rotation; lateral pelvic rotation

Question 31

Transversus abdominis Origin

Answer 31

lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, inner rim of iliac crest, inner surface of the costal cartilages of the lower 6 ribs, and lumbar fascia

Question 32

Transversus abdominis Insertion

Answer 32

crest of the pubis and iliopectineal line, abdominal aponeurosis to the linea alba

Question 33

Transversus abdominis Actions

Answer 33

forced expiration by pulling the abdominal wall inward