Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Truman > Truman’s foreign policy > Flashcards

Truman’s foreign policy Flashcards

1
Q

What was Truman like when it came to foreign policy?

A

He was inexperienced.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What problems were there with Truman and foreign policy?

A

His blunt, straight talking southern style could cause issues in a time when careful foreign diplomacy is needed. He didn’t have the charm of FDR.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What was Truman’s view on the USSR?

A

He was staunchly anti-communist and refused to work with Stalin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who was Dean Acheson?

A

Secretary of state!
Heavily believed in Truman’s domino theory and doctrine.
Part of a group that procured NSC-68

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What was NSC-68?

A

Proposed a shift in defence spending from 13 billion to 50 billion following the USSR testing of nuclear bombs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who else did Truman deeply trust?

A

Winston Churchill, who heavily promoted the idea of the West vs the East.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When was the Yalta conference?

A

4-11 February

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who was involved in the Yalta conference?

A

Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What was the relationships like in the Yalta conference?

A

Churchill and Stalin had a very poor relationship, but Stalin and FDR managed to get along due to FDRs charm and awareness of the necessity of working the USSR. This allowed good progress to be made.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was agreed in regards to Germany at the Yalta conference?

A

Agreed to divide Germany into 4 zones, British, French, US and Russian.
Stalin wanted it to pass reparations to economically cripple Germany, but they were hesitant following the ToV and its consequences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was agreed with the liberated countries?

A

Free elections would occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was it agreed that Stalin would receive?

A

-Agreed to join the war with Japan after Germany was defeated
-Occupation zones in North Korea and Manchuria
-Invited to join the UN as one of 5 permanent members of security council.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What was agreed inn regard to nazi-ism?

A

Nazi war criminals would be tried after the war.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When was the Potsdam conference?

A

17th July - 2nd August 1945.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who was involved in the Potsdam conference?

A

Truman, Clement Atley and Stalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What were relationships like at Potsdam?

A

Truman lacked FDRs charm and wanted to be different to Stalin so relationships were icy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why did Truman keep different from Stalin?

A

Knew that everyone knew about his inexperience, so thought that being different to Stalin could show him as strong ad different, and draw attention away from his issues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What didn’t Truman discuss?

A

Dropping the bomb on Hiroshima, which occurred 4 days following the conference.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was confirmed during Potsdam?

A

Stalin’s occupation in NK and Manchuria
Nazi-war criminals to be on trial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was agreed in regards to Nazi-ism in Germany?

A

The Nazi Party and State were to be completely eliminated and de-nazification was to take place through education.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What was agreed with reparations?

A

USSSr could take from their zone of occupation plus 10% of industrial equipment in the Western zones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What was the consequence of the reparations?

A

Stalin pillaged his zone, and didn’t reciprocate to the Western zones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What was the long telegram?

A

A document by foreign official George Kennan warning that Soviet expansion should be met with cold American response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What triggered events in Iran?

A

Red army was not withdrawing, and actually was adding troops to Northern Iran, and Moscow had incited a pro communist rebellion in the North.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What did Truman agree to do?

A

Equip the Shah with new arms and he sent direct warnings to Stalin that they would support Iran in claiming lost territory if the Red Army did not withdraw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Was truman successful in Northern Iran?

A

Yes - the Red Army withdrew from Iran within six weeks of the original departure date.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How did the Iranian crisis influence Truman’s policies?

A

It was a clear example of several things working:
-use of UN
-viability of military threat
-choice of anti-communist over anti-colonialist ideals
it also confirmed US fears of Soviet expansion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

When did Stalin make his speech?

A

February 1946

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What did Stalin discuss in his speech

A

The eventuality of a communist v capitalist war, which reflected Marx’s orthodox communist beliefs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

When was Churchill’s speech?

A

March 1946

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What did Churchill say in his speech?

A

That an iron curtain was dividing the West and East.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

When were the Paris Peace treaties?

A

June 1946

33
Q

What did the Soviet Union gain form the Paris Peace Treaties?

A

200 million from Hungary and 300 million form Finland and Romania in commodities and 100 milllion from Italy.
Also received the region of Bessarabia from Romania

34
Q

What triggered the start of the Truman Doctrine?

A

Communist influence in Greece and Turkey.

35
Q

What was the situation in Greece?

A

Civil war as communist rebels tried to overthrow the government

36
Q

What was the situation in Turkey?

A

They were facing pressure from the USSR to allow joint control of the Dardanelles Straits.

37
Q

How did Truman respond to the pressure in Greece and Turkey?

A

The Greek and Turkish Assistance Bill 1947, which promised financial military and humanitarian aid to the two countries.

38
Q

How much money did Truman send to Greece and Turkey?

A

$400 million

39
Q

What was the Marshall Plan?

A

Came from secretary of state George Marshall with the aim to get European countries back on their feet and resisting the spread of Communism

40
Q

Why didn’t Truman attach his name to the Marshall plan?

A

Truman was too unpopular to have anything passed by him in congress.

41
Q

What led Congress to accept the Marshall Plan?

A

Czechoslovakia fell to communism after a coup by the Communist party there.

42
Q

When did Czechoslovakia fall to Communism?

A

Feb 1948

43
Q

How much was given from the Marshall plan to rebuild Europe?

A

$17 billion

44
Q

Who benefited the most from the Marshall plan?

A

UK, France and Germany, all of whom saw record economic growth because of it.

45
Q

What was another positive of the Marshall plan?

A

Boosted American hegemony and opened up markets in foreign countries to American goods.

46
Q

Why was Stalin upset in regards to Berlin?

A

The US and UK had combined their zones and were discussing with France to combine their zone as well, creating a united West Germany, which Stalin saw as a threat.

47
Q

What state was berlin in following the War?

A

it was divided but heavily under Soviet influence.

48
Q

How did Stalin attempt to fix the issue in Berlin?

A

He blockaded it.
The US couldn’t get to it by land and Stalin was convinced they wouldn’t use military force to try to.

49
Q

How did Truman respond to the Berlin Blockade?

A

He ordered the supply of goods via air.

50
Q

How long did the Berlin airlift last for?

A

324 days

51
Q

How many flights were shipped to Berlin?

A

275,000

52
Q

How many tonnes of supplies were sent to Berlin?

A

1.5 million tonnes

53
Q

When was NATO created and what was its purpose?

A

April 1949
Collective security

54
Q

How did the creation of NATO help Berlin?

A

West Germany was admitted in 1955 to what was essentially an anti-soviet pact.

55
Q

When was the blockade lifted?

A

12th May 1949

56
Q

When was the East German state created?

A

October 1949

57
Q

What were the events of Truman in Europe?

A

-Greece and turkey
-Marshall Plan
-Berlin Blockade

58
Q

What were the events of Truman in Asia?

A

-Japan
-China
-Indo-China
-Korea

59
Q

What were the events of Truman in the middle east?

A

-Iran
-Israel

60
Q

When were the two atomic bombs dropped on Japan?

A

6th August and 9th August 1945

61
Q

When did Japan surrender the war?

A

2nd September 1945

62
Q

Who led troops in Japan?

A

General Douglas MacArthur

63
Q

What action did Truman take following the surrender of Japan?

A

He sent 350,000 troops to transform the country into a democracy and introduced a constitution which denounced war.

64
Q

What two events increased Japan’s strategic importance?

A

Chinese revolution 1949
Korean War 1950

65
Q

When did Japanese occupation ended?

A

1952

66
Q

What happened in China following WW2?

A

Peace between the nationalists and the communists broke down and China had a civil war.

67
Q

Who was leading the nationalists in China

A

Chiang Kai-Shek

68
Q

Who was leading the communists in China?

A

Mao Zedong

69
Q

How much money did America send to Chiang Kai-Shek?

A

$2 billion

70
Q

What occurred in 1949?

A

Mae won the civil war and Chiang fled to Taiwan, where his government represented China at the UN.

71
Q

Was China a success or failure for the Truman doctrine?

A

Failure - people blamed FR for giving land at Manchuria and for Truman not intervening enough.

72
Q

How did events in China influence Truman’s policies?

A

He intervened more harshly in Indo-China and Korea to try and stop further communist spread.

73
Q

What was Indo-China?

A

A french colony

74
Q

What had happened during WW2 in Indo-China?

A

Japan invaded and occupied it but Ho Chi Minh’s forces fought against them

75
Q

What was expected of America in this situation?

A

Ho Chi Minh expected that America would support them as it had been seen to pledge support for self-determination, however America had been taking an anti-communist stance more so than an anti-colonialist.

76
Q

What did America actually do in Indo-China?

A

Back the French and cover 3/4 of their costs.

77
Q

What was the Balfour Declaration?

A

Transferred rule of Palestine to the British Empire as a temporary national home for Jewish peoples.

78
Q

How did relationships between arabs and zionists grow in the area?

A

Both tried to take claim over the same portions of religiously significant land.

79
Q

What did Truman do to worsen teh situation in Palestine??

A

In May 1946, he announced his approval of letting

Truman (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions