Truelearn Potpourri Flashcards
Formula for positive predictive value?
(True pos) / (TP + False Pos)
Components of tetrology of Fallot?
Pulmonic valve stenosis, RV hypertrophy, VSD, overriding aorta
Name several sulphonylurea diabetes medications. What class are they? When should they be held?
glyburide, blipizide, gliclazide. They are secretogogues. Hold day of surgery, take day before.
What suffix do SGLT-2 inhibitor medications have? When to hold?
-flozin, hold day before surgery and day of.
Differences between pediatric and adult airway?
Peds have: larger relative tongue size, more cephalad larynx (C3-4 vs C5-6), angled vocal cords, omega shape epiglottis.
% of vision loss attributed to CRAO? Cause?
About 10% of vision loss cases. Caused by positioning and pressure on globes.
Most cases (90%) of intraop vision loss caused by? Risk factors? (9)
Ischemic optic neuropathy
Risk factors: prone, Mayfield pins, surg duration > 6 hours, > 1000mL EBL, preexisting retinal disease, diabetes, HTN, atherosclerosis, anemia.
Dalton’s Law
P(total) = P1 + P2 + P3…
Does central compartment volume increase or decrease in geriatric patients?
Decreased
Pedi GI pathology most associated with congenital heart disease?
Omphalocele
Om-“fail”-ocele
P450 enzymes catalyze what phase of reactions?
Phase I (non-synthetic)
List risk factors for uterine inversion (5)
excessive umbilical cord traction, short umbilical cord, uterine abnormalities, placental implantation disorders, inappropriate fundal pressure or other aggressive manuevers
3 conditions associated with Treacher-Collins? Underlying mechanism? Airway gets better or worse with age?
hearing loss, SIDS, OSA
Midface hypoplasia (frequent choanal atresia, cleft palate)
Airway worse with age
Electrolyte abnormalities of addisons?
Low: sodium, glucose
High: potassium, chloride, calcium
Name 5 common P450 inducers
phenobarb, phenytoin, rifampin, cabamazepine, ethanol
