True Learn Flashcards
A _ involves radioactive tracers that emit gamma rays as they decay. The overall amount of ionizing radiation is less than other common diagnostic tests that might be used to evaluate epigastric pain and nausea/vomiting.
A nuclear medicine HIDA scan involves radioactive tracers that emit gamma rays as they decay. The overall amount of ionizing radiation is less than other common diagnostic tests that might be used to evaluate epigastric pain and nausea/vomiting.
The most common location for an ectopic inferior parathyroid gland
The most common location for a missed gland
The most common location for an ectopic inferior parathyroid gland is in the tail of the thymus and can migrate to the anterior mediastinum. The most common location for a missed gland is in the normal anatomical position.
Additional differential diagnosis for acute appendicitis, especially if appendix appears normal during exploratory surgery
Meckel diverticulitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in a case of acute appendicitis. If the appendix appears normal during exploratory surgery, inspect the ileum for Meckel diverticulum or terminal ileitis (ie, Crohn disease).
Surgical cricothyroidotomy is performed by incising the trachea at the level of the _ membrane and passing a _ endotracheal tube to approximately _ cm.
Surgical cricothyroidotomy is performed by incising the trachea at the level of the cricothyroid membrane and passing a cuffed 5.0 to 7.0 mm endotracheal tube to approximately 5 cm.
No question
Outcomes in patients with intra-abdominal infections who have undergone a successful source-control procedure and receive a fixed, 4-day course of antimicrobial therapy appear to be generally similar to outcomes in patients in whom systemic antimicrobial agents are administered until after the resolution of signs and symptoms of sepsis.
Pancreatic secretion is about _ per day
Pancreatic secretion is about 500-1500 ml per day.
MEN 2A is characterized by _
MEN 2A is characterized by medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and hyperparathyroidism. Prophylactic thyroidectomy should be performed by age 5.
Considerations for open drainage of intraabdominal abscess _
Considerations for open drainage of intraabdominal abscess include no percutaneous accessibility, no source control (ongoing gastrointestinal spillage), interloop abscess, multiple abscesses, loculated abscess, communication with bowel, associated necrosis, unstable patient, and previously failed percutaneous drainage attempt.
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is _
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas. It is found in humans afflicted with cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis. It is caused by a progressive loss of the pancreatic cells that make digestive enzymes; loss of digestive enzymes leads to malabsorption of nutrients from normal digestive processes.
Risk factors for spontaneous pneumothorax include (6 answers)
Marfan syndrome, homocystinuria, thoracic endometriosis, family history, malnutrition, and smoking
Mechanism of negative pressure wound therapy
Promoting granulation tissue formation is the dominant mechanism by which negative pressure wound therapy assists the healing of wounds
Most common cause of mortality ~1 year after cardiac transplant
Sudden cardiac death occurs in 10-20% of post-cardiac transplant patients and is suspected to be due to graft vasculopathy
Full thickness skin graft technique
Full-thickness skin graft harvest sites are elliptical to allow for primary closure, are taken with a knife, and are primarily closed
Amsterdam criteria
•At least 3 relatives with lynch syndrome-associated cancer (colorectal, endometrium, small bowel, ureter, or renal pelvis)
•One should be a first degree relative of the other
•at least 2 successive generations
•familial adenomatous polyp osis should be excluded
Tumors should be verified by pathological examination
Crichothyroidotomy technique
Surgical crichothyroidotomy is performed by incising the trachea at the level of the crichothyroid membrane and passing a cuffed 5.0 to 7.0mm endotracheal tube to approximately 5cm
