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Ancient History > Troy > Flashcards

Troy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the modern representations of Troy?

A
  • Troy (2004)
  • Song of Achilles
  • Museum of Troy (presentation of history)
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2
Q

What are the ancient representations of Troy?

A
  • Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey
  • Excavations of Hisarlik
  • The wooden horse
  • Pottery
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3
Q

What was the Bronze Age?

A
  • Period the Trojan War was in
  • Between 3500 to 1200 BC
  • People learnt how to mine and smelt copper to make bronze weapons and tools
  • Animal husbandry and agriculture was developed
  • More food to feed a growing population
  • Led to growth of towns and cities
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4
Q

What happened during the early bronze age?

A
  • Golden age of art and architecture
  • Cuneiform was developed (writing on clay tablets)
  • Every ancient civilisation entered the Bronze Age at different times
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4
Q

What social structures emerged during the Bronze age?

A
  • Hierarchy
  • Centralisation of power of the elite
  • Mass of the population were craftsmen and agricultural workers
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4
Q

What was traded during the Bronze Age around the Aegean? (Economic contribution)

A
  • Exchange system between different political states
  • Traded by kings
  • Would trade silks, spices, gold, silver, copper, craftsmanship and slaves
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5
Q

What were the main Bronze Age civilisations?

A
  • Near East
  • Egypt
  • Greece
  • India
  • China
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6
Q

What were the political contributions of the Bronze Age?

A
  • Formation of city-states
  • City states had a king/ruler
  • Centralised governments to manage resources and labour
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7
Q

What was the strategic location of Troy?

A
  • Located in the centre of a major trading route (Bridge between Asia and Europe)
  • Also central to a sea trading route
  • Located at the southern entrance to Hellespont, a narrow passageway of water linking the Black and Aegean sea.
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8
Q

Why was this location valuable?

A
  • Made it a valuable military target
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9
Q

Who were the gods supporting the greeks?

A
  • Athena
  • Hera
  • Thetis
  • Poseidon
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10
Q

Who were the gods supporting the Trojans?

A
  • Aphrodite
  • Apollo
  • Ares
  • Zeus
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11
Q

How did Athena interfere in the war?

A

Intervenes in disguises to injure the Trojans or protect the greeks

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12
Q

How did Aphrodite interfere in the war?

A

Protected Paris in the war - promised Paris the most beautiful woman in the world (Helen)

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13
Q

How did Poseidon interfere in the war?

A

Gave soldiers the courage to fight

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14
Q

How did Apollo interfere in the war?

A

Infected Greek camp with a plague to help Paris kill Achilles.

15
Q

How did Zeus interfere in the war?

A

Weighed the fates of the Greeks and Trojans on a scale

16
Q

Who was Homer?

A
  • Homer may not be a singular person
  • His stories was passed down orally
  • Stories woven together to create a long narrative is called the epic cycle
  • Weren’t written down (could be unreliable)
17
Q

What did Frank Calvert do?

A
  • Wanted to excavate the site of Hissarlik
  • Didn’t have the resources to do so
  • Met with Heinrich Schliemann to discuss excavating it
18
Q

What did Heinrich Schliemann do?

A
  • Wanted to prove the truth of Homer
  • Began excavating and discovered seven heavily fortified settlements which he named Troy
  • Troy II had evidence of destruction so he called that Homer’s troy
19
Q

What did William Dorpfeld do?

A
  • Worked with Schliemann
  • Identified Troy VI as Homer’s Troy
20
Q

What did Carl Blegen do?

A
  • Proved Troy VI was caused by earthquakes
21
Q

What did Manfred Korfmann do?

A
  • Uncovered more of the city which had not been previously discovered
  • Reopened the excavation after 50 years and used new technology
22
Q

What were the Linear B tablets?

A
  • Used to record economic transactions
  • Showed no evidence of Homer’s troy
23
Q

Why were the Hittite records important?

A
  • One of the Hittite records says the army was sent west to Wilusa and then north
  • This indicates the location or positioning of the archaeological site of Troy
  • Another letter refers to a water tunnel (Korfmann found a water tunnel in Troy)
24
Q

What are the archaeological sources of Troy?

A
  • Strong fortifications
  • Pottery and artifacts were found such as Priam’s treasure
  • Wells
  • Urban planning
  • Large houses
25
Q

Describe the layers of Troy

A
  • 9 Layers
  • Thought it was 5th one but destruction was from earthquake or other natural disaster
  • Most likely 7th layer as there was evidence of a 10 year siege.
26
Q

What is historiography?

A
  • The history of history
  • Contributing to evidence means contributing to historiography
  • Study of things led us to the understanding of Troy and how it changed overtime
  • Debates on whether it was real or not
27
Q

What was the treatment of Helen?

A
  • Some blame her for being the cause of the Trojan war
  • Others think it was a mixture of things (also the fault of the greek Gods, other characters
  • Perception of her has changed overtime
  • Had a high status
  • Viewed as a victim of a patriarchal society
28
Q

What was the fate of Trojan women?

A
  • Hecuba (queen of troy) became a slave
  • Polyxena (daughter of hecuba) was sacrificed on achilles grave)
29
Q

What was the fate of Greek women?

A
  • Helen: her fate varied on different accounts, she was either welcomed back or faced punishment for her role in the war
  • Penelope waited 20 years for the return of her husband odysseus from the trojan war
30
Q

What is the legacy of the Trojan war?

A
  • Extends from the epic poems to influence art, literature, culture throughout history

Ancient History (3 decks)

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