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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY for Dummies > Troublesome Soundalikes > Flashcards

Troublesome Soundalikes Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abdominal

abominable

A

pertaining to the abdomen

detestable; unpleasant or disagreeable

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2
Q

abduction

adduction

A

moving away from (often dictated as “a-b-duction”)

drawing toward (often dictated as “a-d-duction”)

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3
Q

aberrant

apparent

A

wandering; abnormal

clear or obvious; visible

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4
Q

abject

object

A

existing in a low condition, as in abject poverty

to oppose (v); something on which one is focused (n)

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5
Q

ablation

oblation

A

surgical removal

religious offering

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6
Q

accent

ascent

assent

A

characteristic pronunciation

rising or moving upward; upward slope or incline

to agree with (v); agreement (n)

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7
Q

accept

except

A

to receive willingly; to regard as proper

other than; to leave out or exclude

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8
Q

access

axis

excess

A

means of approach; the ability or right to approach

center

more than usual

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9
Q

acetic

acidic

A

sour

acid-forming

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10
Q

aesthetic

ascitic

asthenic

A

characterized by increased awareness of beauty

pertaining to an accumulation of serous fluid in the abdominal cavity

pertaining to or characterized by a lack or loss of energy

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11
Q

esthesic

esthetic

A

mental perception of sensation

improvement in appearance

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12
Q

afferent

efferent

A

Towards the center

Away from the center

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13
Q

Acufex

Acuflex an intraocular lens

A

arthroscopic instruments

an intraocular lens

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14
Q

adverse

averse

A

contrary to one’s interests; undesirable, unwanted, as in adverse reaction

having a feeling of dislike or revulsion, as in averse to taking risks

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15
Q

advice

advise

A

opinion about what should be done (n)

to counsel, recommend, or inform (v)

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16
Q

aerogenous

erogenous

A

gas-producing

arousing erotic feelings, as in erogenous zone

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17
Q

affect

effect

A

to influence (v), as in he affected her deeply; external expression of emotion (n), as in a flat affect (psych)

to bring about (v), as in effect a change; result (n), as in cause and effect

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18
Q

afferent

efferent

A

toward a center

outward from a center

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19
Q

affusion

effusion

infusion

A

act of pouring a liquid on

liquid which escapes into tissue

introduction of a liquid solution through a vein or tissue

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20
Q

alfa

alpha

A

international spelling for alpha, as in interferon alfa

first letter of the Greek alphabet; the first one; the beginning

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21
Q

allude

elude

elute

A

make reference to

evade

extract or remove

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22
Q

allusion

elution

illusion

A

indirect but pointed meaning or reference

separation by washing of one solid from another

erroneous perception of reality

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23
Q

alkalosis

ankylosis

A

increased
alkalinity of blood and tissues

immobilization of a joint

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24
Q

all

awl

A

the whole amount

a pointed instrument

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25
Q

alternate

alternating

alternative

A

a person acting in the place of another, as in an alternate delegate (n); to do by turns (v)

happening by turns, as in alternating movements

a choice between two possibilities, as in the only alternative

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26
Q

anecdote

antidote

A

an amusing or interesting short story

a remedy for counteracting a poison

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27
Q

anergia

inertia

A

inactivity

inability to move spontaneously

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28
Q

anuresis

enuresis

A

retention of urine in the bladder

involuntary discharge of urine after the age at which control should have been achieved; bed-wetting

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29
Q

aphagia

aphakia

aphasia

aplasia

A

refusal or inability to swallow

absence of the lens of the eye, most commonly caused by extraction of a cataract

speech disorder that involves a defect or loss of the power of expression by speaking, writing, or signing; also inability to comprehend spoken or written language

lack of development of an organ or tissue

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30
Q

apparent

abberrant

A

clear, obvious

off course, abnormal

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31
Q

apposition

opposition

A

placing side by side or next to

contrary action or condition

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32
Q

assure

ensure

insure

A

to cause to feel sure; to make safe or secure

to make sure or certain

to make secure; to ensure

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33
Q

astasia

ectasia

A

inability to stand due to lack of muscle coordination

dilation or expansion

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34
Q

attacks

Atarax

ataxia

A

spells; assaults

tranquilizer

failure or irregularity of muscle coordination

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35
Q

aura

aural

ora

oral

orale

A

a sensation or motor phenomenon that precedes a paroxysmal attack such as a seizure

pertaining to the ear

plural of os

pertaining to the mouth

the point in the midline of the maxillary suture that is lingual to the central incisors

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36
Q

avert

evert

invert

overt

A

to turn aside or turn away

to turn inside out

to turn inside out or upside down; to reverse the order

open to view

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37
Q

BAER

bare

Bayer

bear

A

brainstem auditory evoked response

nude

brand name for aspirin

to tolerate

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38
Q

ball valve

bivalve

A

a heart valve

consisting of two similar but separable parts

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39
Q

Beaver

Deaver

A

brand name of a series of blades, knives, and keratomes

retractor

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40
Q

bolus

bullous

A

a single, rather large mass or quantity of a drug or medication that is administered either orally or intravenously

relating to bullae

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41
Q

caliber

calipers

A

the diameter of a projectile, usually a bullet; the diameter of a canal or tube

a compass-like instrument used for measuring thicknesses, such as skinfolds

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42
Q

callous

callus

A

hard like a callus; hardened in mind or feelings, as in a callous attitude

a hardened or thickened area of skin; the meshwork of woven bone that forms at the site of a healing fracture, as in callus formation

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43
Q

carotid

parotid

A

artery

gland

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44
Q

caudal

coddle

Cottle

A

a position more toward the tail; often used as a synonym for inferior

to pamper

a manufacturer of surgical instruments

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45
Q

cease

seize

A

to stop doing; to come to an end

to grab; to take by force; to convulse

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46
Q

cecal

fecal

thecal

A

pertaining to the cecum

pertaining to feces

pertaining to an enclosing case or sheath, as in thecal sac

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47
Q

cede

seat

seed

A

yield or grant, as in the tennis player was forced to cede the point to her opponent

to cause or assist to sit down; to fix firmly in place, as with components of a joint replacement

semen; a small shell used in application of radiation therapy

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48
Q

celiotomy

ciliotomy

A

surgical incision into the abdominal cavity

surgical division of the ciliary nerves

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49
Q

cell

cella

sella

A

smallest unit of life capable of existence

an enclosure or compartment

a saddle-shaped depression, as in sella turcica

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50
Q

cellular

sellar

A

consisting of cells; porous

pertaining to the sella turcica

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51
Q

cerise

cerous

scirrhous

serous

A

deep to vivid purplish red

pertaining to or containing the metallic element cerium

pertaining to or of the nature of a hard cancer

pertaining to or resembling serum

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52
Q

cholic

colic

A

an acid; relating to bile

acute abdominal pain

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53
Q

chordae

chordee

A

plural of chorda; any cord or sinew

downward bowing of the penis

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54
Q

cilium

psyllium

A

cilium a hair-like projection from a cell

the seed of a plant that is used as a mild laxative

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55
Q

circumcise

circumscribe

A

to remove the foreskin of the penis

to mark off carefully

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56
Q

cirrhosis

xerosis

A

liver disease

abnormal dryness, as seen in the eyes, skin, or mouth

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57
Q

cite

-cyte

sight

site

A

to quote as an authority or example; to mention as an illustration

cell

the function of seeing

a place or location

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58
Q

clonus

conus

cornice

A

alternating muscular contraction and relaxation in rapid succession

resembling a cone in shape

a decorative band

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59
Q

-CNS

C&S

A

central nervous system (abbreviation)

culture and sensitivity (lab test)

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60
Q

collum

column

A

the neck

a pillar-like structure

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61
Q

complement

compliment

A

that which completes or makes perfect

an expression of praise or admiration

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62
Q

continence

continents

A

self-restraint; the ability to retain urine or feces

land masses of the world

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63
Q

continual

continuous

A

recurring frequently

going on without interruption

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64
Q

council

counsel

A

an executive or advisory body

advice given as a result of a consultation

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65
Q

corollary

coronary

A

something that naturally follows

pertaining to the heart

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66
Q

creatine

creatinine

A

high-energy phosphate

product excreted in urine; a diagnostic indicator of kidney function

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67
Q

cremation

crenation

A

consumption by fire

abnormal notch found on microscopic exam of an erythrocyte

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68
Q

crus

crux

A

a term used to designate a leg-like part

a decisive point, as in crux of the matter

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69
Q

cytotoxin

Cytoxan

sitotoxin

A

a toxin or antibody that has a toxic action on cells of a specific organ

an antineoplastic drug

food poisoning

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70
Q

decision

discission

A

a choice made among options

an incision or cutting into

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71
Q

denervation

enervation

innervation

A

loss of nerve supply

loss of nervous energy

supply of nerves to a part

72
Q

dental

dentil

A

relating to teeth or dentistry

one of a series of small rectangular blocks forming a molding

73
Q

denticle

identical

A

a conical pointed projection

the same

74
Q

desperate

disparate

A

frantic

markedly distinct in quality

75
Q

device

devise

A

equipment or mechanism designed for a purpose

to plan, design, or contrive

76
Q

diaphysis

diathesis

A

the body or shaft of a long bone that ossified from a primary center

an inborn tendency to develop certain diseases or other abnormal conditions

77
Q

diarrhea

diuria

diuresis

A

abnormally loose and frequent bowel movements

a crystalline substance derivable from two molecules or urea

excretion of abnormally high amounts of urine

78
Q

discreet

discrete

A

a judicious reserve in one’s speech or behavior (private)

separate or individually distinct, as in discrete mass

79
Q

dissension

distention

A

strong disagreement; discord

state of being distended or enlarged

80
Q

dysphagia

dysphasia

A

difficulty in swallowing

difficulty in speaking

81
Q

dystaxia

dystectia

A

difficulty in controlling voluntary movement

defective closure of the neural tube, resulting in malformation

82
Q

Ebstein

Epstein

A

angle; anomaly; disease

Epstein-Barr virus, disease

83
Q

effusion

infusion

A

Escape of fluid into tissue

To introduce fluid into vein or tissue

84
Q

eczema

exemia

A

a type of dermatitis

loss of fluid from blood vessels

85
Q

ejection expelling, throwing out

ingestion

injection a shot; congestion

A

expelling, throwing out

taking of food or liquid into the body through the mouth

a shot; congestion

86
Q

elicit

illicit

A

to bring out, as in elicit a response

illegal, as in illicit drugs

87
Q

emanate

eminence

eminent

imminent

A

to flow out or proceed from; to originate from

a prominence or projection, particularly of bone

important, well known, prominent

likely or about to occur

88
Q

enema

intima

intimal

A

injection of fluid into the rectum

innermost structure

pertaining to the inner layer of a blood vessel

89
Q

ephedrine

epinephrine

Excedrin

A

an alkaloid

a catecholamine

a pain reliever for headaches

90
Q

erasable

irascible

A

removable with an eraser

easily provoked to anger

91
Q

ethanal

ethinyl

ethanol

ethenyl

A

acetaldehyde

ethynyl

alcohol

vinyl

92
Q

eyes & nose

I’s & O’s

A

parts of the anatomy above the lips

intake and output

93
Q

facial

fascial

faucial

A

pertaining to the face

pertaining to or of the nature of fascia

pertaining to the passage from the mouth to the pharynx

94
Q

false

falx

A

not true

a sickle-shaped organ or structure, as in falx cerebri

95
Q

fascicle

vesical

vesicle

A

a band or bundle of fibers, as in muscle or nerve

pertaining to the bladder

a small sac containing fluid, as in the lesions seen in chickenpox

96
Q

faze

phase

phrase

A

to cause to be disconcerted, as in the problem didn’t faze him

a stage of development

a group of words

97
Q

fibers

fibrose

fibrous

A

slender structures or filaments

to form fibrous tissue

composed of or containing fibers

98
Q

filamentous

velamentous

A

composed of long threadlike structures

in the form of a sheet or veil

99
Q

filiform

phalliform

piliform

A

thread-shaped; a slender bougie

shaped like a penis

shaped like or resembling hair

100
Q

flanges

phalanges

A

projecting borders or edges

plural of phalanx; bones of the fingers or toes

101
Q

fornix

pharynx

A

arch-shaped roof of an anatomical space

the throat

102
Q

fovea

folia

phobia

A

a cup-shaped pit or depression

plural of folium, a leaf-like structure

a fear or morbid dread

103
Q

gaited

gated

A

walking or running in a certain manner, as in a gaited horse

an entrance or opening, as in gated magnetic resonance cardiac imaging

104
Q

glands

glans

A

cells that function as secretory or excretory organs

a conical-shaped structure, as in glans penis

105
Q

Gleason

Glisson

glisten

A

score for grading prostate carcinoma

capsule; tissue covering the liver

to sparkle

106
Q

glucoside

glycoside

A

a glycoside in which the sugar content is glucose

any of the class of compounds that yield a sugar and an aglycon upon hydrolysis, as in cardiac glycoside

107
Q

graft

graph

A

tissue implanted from one point to another

a diagram with connecting points

108
Q

hemolysis

homolysis

A

disruption of the integrity of the erythrocyte membrane causing release of hemoglobin

lysis of a cell by extracts of the same type of tissue

109
Q

Hertel

Hurthle

A

rigid dilator stone forceps; exophthalmometer

as in Hurthle cell adenoma, Hurthle cell carcinoma, Hurthle cell tumor

110
Q

heterotopia

heterotrophia

heterotropia

A

displacement of parts or organs; presence of tissue in an abnormal location

nutritional disorder

strabismus

111
Q

holder

Holter

A

a container; a device for immobilizing a part of the body, as in head holder

a heart monitor

112
Q

HNP

H&P

A

herniated nucleus pulposus

history and physical

113
Q

humerus

humorous

A

long bone in upper arm

funny

114
Q

ileac

iliac

A

pertaining to the distal portion of the colon

pertaining to the superior portion of the hip bone

115
Q

ileum

ilium

A

distal portion of the colon

superior portion of the hip bone

116
Q

inanimate

innominate

A

without life or spirit, as in an inanimate object

nameless, as in an innominate artery

117
Q

inanition

inattention

inhibition

A

loss of vitality

failure to pay attention

self-restriction of freedom of activity

118
Q

incidence

incidents

instance

A

rate or frequency of occurrence

single occurrences, events, or happenings

case or example

119
Q

incision

schism

scission

A

a wound made in surgery

disunion or discord

cleavage; splitting

120
Q

infarction

infection

inflection

infraction

A

necrosis caused by obstruction, as in myocardial infarction

invasion of the body by organisms that can cause disease

change in vocal pitch or loudness; bending forward

incomplete fracture; breaking of a rule

121
Q

installation

instillation

A

placing in a position or office

injecting slowly

122
Q

irradiate

radiate

A

to treat with radioactivity

to spread out from a center, as in the pain radiates into the lower leg

123
Q

joule

jowl

A

a unit of energy

a fold of flesh hanging from the jaw

124
Q

karyon

kerion

A

nucleus

a secondarily infected granulomatous lesion

125
Q

keloid

keroid

A

a hyperplastic scar

resembling horn or corneal tissue

126
Q

kempt

kept

A

referring to a neat appearance

past tense of keep

127
Q

keratan

keratin

A

a sulfate found in the cornea and in skeletal tissues

scleroprotein that forms the primary components of epidermis, hair, nails and horny tissues

128
Q

labial

labile

A

pertaining to a lip or lip-like structure

unstable, as in labile blood pressure

129
Q

lassitude

latitude

A

listlessness

freedom of choice; plane of reference

130
Q

leak

LEEP

LLETZ

A

an accidental opening that permits substance or information to escape

loop electrosurgical procedure (gyn)

laparoscopic laser excision of the transformation zone (gyn)

131
Q

Leiden

Leyden

A

genetic mutation associated with clotting factor V

genetic mutation associated with clotting factor IX

132
Q

libido

livedo

A

sexual desire

bluish discoloration of skin

133
Q

lice

lyse

A

parasites

to break up or disintegrate, as in lysis of adhesions

134
Q

lightening

lighting

lightning

A

decreasing in weight

illumination

a flash of light produced by electricity in the atmosphere, as in thunder and lightning

135
Q

liver

livor

A

large gland in the abdomen

discoloration appearing on the body (skin) after death

136
Q

loop

loupe

A

an oval or circular ring formed by bending a vessel or cylindrical organ

a magnifying glass

137
Q

mammoplasty

manoplasty

A

plastic surgery of the breast; mammaplasty

plastic surgery of the hand

138
Q

meiosis

miosis

mitosis

mycosis

myiasis

A

method of cell division

contraction of the pupil of the eye

method of indirect cell division

presence of parasitic fungi in the body

infection due to invasion of body tissues or cavities by larvae of dipterous insects

139
Q

meiotic

miotic

mitotic

myopic

A

pertaining to special cell division

causing contraction of the pupil of the eye

pertaining to indirect division of a cell

nearsighted

140
Q

menorrhagia

menorrhalgia

metrorrhagia

A

excessive uterine bleeding

painful menstruation; dysmenorrhea

uterine bleeding of abnormal amount, occurring at abnormal times

141
Q

mnemonic

pneumonic

A

something intended to assist memory

related to or affecting the lungs

142
Q

modeling

mottling

A

learning by observation and imitation

a condition of spotting with patches of color

143
Q

mucous

mucus

A

adjective form of
mucus; pertaining to or resembling mucus

free slime of the mucous membranes

144
Q

myoclonic

myotonic

A

demonstrating one of a series of shock-like muscular contractions, as in a seizure

exhibiting delayed relaxation of a muscle after a strong contraction, or prolonged contraction after mechanical stimulation

145
Q

nucleide

nuclide

A

a compound of nucleic acid with a metallic element

a species of atom

146
Q

osteal

ostial

A

bony

pertaining to an ostium

147
Q

pair

pare

A

two of something

to trim or remove skin

148
Q

palate

palette

pallet

A

roof of the mouth

an oval board with a thumb-hole used by artists to mix their paints

a portable platform; a temporary bed made of folded blankets

149
Q

palpable

palpebral

palpation

palpitation

papillation

A

may be felt with the hand

pertaining to the eyelid

feeling with the fingers

an abnormal, rapid heartbeat

a covering of small round protuberances

150
Q

parotic

perotic

porotic

A

near the ear

characterized by
perosis

favoring growth of connective tissue

151
Q

peal

peel

A

to ring, as a bell

to strip away a layer

152
Q

perfusion

profusion

protrusion

A

the act of pouring over or through

abundance

a jutting-out from the surrounding surface

153
Q

perineal

peritoneal

peroneal

A

pertaining to the perineum (genital area)

pertaining to the peritoneum (in abdominal, pelvic cavities)

pertaining to the outer or fibular side of the leg

154
Q

phenol

phenyl

pheresis

-phoresis

A

carbolic acid

derived from benzene

removal from a donor; separation and retransfusion

word ending indicating transmission

155
Q

plain

plane

A

not fancy; radiograph, as in plain abdomen

anatomic level, as in the sagittal plane

156
Q

pleuritis

pruritus

A

inflammation of the pleura (of the lung)

itching

157
Q

pleural

plural

A

pertaining to the pleura of the lung

more than one

158
Q

precede

proceed

A

to come (or go) before

to continue on

159
Q

prescribe

proscribe

A

to order; to advise

to banish or denounce; to forbid

160
Q

Procan SR

procaine

A

an antiarrhythmic medication

a local anesthetic

161
Q

prostate

prostrate

rostrate

A

a gland of the male urinary tract

stretched out with the face upon the ground

having a beak-like structure

162
Q

prostatic

prosthetic

A

relating to the prostate gland

pertaining to an artificial device that replaces a body part

163
Q

psoriasis

siriasis

A

a dermatosis

sunstroke

164
Q

psychosis

sycosis

A

mental disorder

pustular inflammation of hair follicles

165
Q

radical

radicle

A

extreme, drastic, or innovative; elements or atoms in an uncombined state, as in free radicals

smallest branch of a vessel

166
Q

rectus

rhexis

rictus

ructus

A

straight structure

rupture of an organ

fissure or cleft; a gaping expression

a belching of wind

167
Q

saccadic

psychotic

A

simultaneous movements of both eyes that are involuntary in changing the point of fixation

pertaining to a severe mental disorder

168
Q

scatoma

scotoma

A

a tumor-like mass in the rectum

an area of depressed vision in the visual field

169
Q

refection

reflection

refraction

A

recovery

bending back

deviation of light

170
Q

scleredema

scleroderma

xeroderma

A

unusual swelling of the facial area

chronic thickening and hardening of the skin

a mild form of ichthyosis

171
Q

serial

sural

A

arranged in a series

pertaining to the calf of the leg

172
Q

shoddy

shotty

A

of poor workmanship or quality of work

resembling buckshot, as in shotty nodes`

173
Q

statue

statute

A

a three-dimensional work of art

a law enacted by a legislative body

174
Q

subtle

supple

A

o slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze

moving or bending with agility; limber

175
Q

venous

Venus

A

relating to a vein

second planet from the sun; the Roman goddess of love

176
Q

vial

vile

A

a small bottle

despicable or abhorrent

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY for Dummies (8 decks)

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