Troubles At Home And Abroad Flashcards
What did Elizabeth’s religious settlement contain?
- Priests were allowed to marry
-Services were all in English and followed the protestant book of common prayer
-She declared herself governor rather than head of church
-Catholics could worship in their own way in private
-A moderate Protestant Matthew Parker was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury
What was the act of supremacy?
1559
This deal with Elizabeth’s political aims regarding the church , it reestablished the break from Rome and an independent church of England. However, as a compromise, Elizabeth chose the less controversial title of supreme governor, rather than head of the church, which had been used by her father and brother.
She hope this would pacify the Catholic, who still regarded the pope as the head of the church
Elizabeth acquired all members of the clergy to swear an oath of loyalty to her
The act also stated that the church would keep its existing pre-reformation Episcopal structure with two archbishops and various bishops below them, helping Elizabeth to govern the church .
What did the middleweight include?
A second law was also passed in May 1559, the act of uniformity
This aim to end quarrel between Catholics and Protestants, by making clear what the Anglican church believed in
It was followed by Royal injunctions two months later which outlined 57 rules to be followed
The church created was protestant
A new book of common prayer was issued
The traditional Catholic mass was abandoned
The Bible was written in English
Were held in English
The clergy was allowed to marry
Old practices, such as programs and saints were burned - Catholicism
However, the Lord did try to pacify English Catholics :
The law declared, that the altar should be replaced with a communion table
Ornaments, such as crosses and candles could be placed on the table
Priests also had to wear traditional catholic style apparel rather than the plain black ones worn by protestants
What occurred in the northern rebellion?
1569
Inspired by Elizabeth’s refusal to allow the Duke of Norfolk to marry her, Catholic, cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots , two northern rebels led rebellion against the Elizabeth
The Earl of West Moreland and the Earl of Northumberland took control of Durham Cathedral and held an illegal Catholic mass
They march south with 4600 men, but the rebels disbanded when the loyal Earl of Essex, raised an army against them
Northumberland was executed, and the Duke of Norfolk was imprisoned
What occurred in the papal Bull?
-Led by the pope
- Released released the message saying that Elizabeth wasn’t a true queen, and said not to obey her law
-Excommunicated her from the church
- His aim was to stir up a rebellion by forcing English Catholics to choose between her and their religion
What happened in the Throckmorton plot?
Occurred in 1583
Led by Sir Francis Throckmorton
The plan was to assassinate Elizabeth, and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots
That would be an uprising of English Catholics and a French invasion
The Spanish ambassador was involved
The plot failed, and Throckmorton was executed
What happened in the Babington plot?
Occurred in 1586
Led by Anthony Babington
The plan was to murder Elizabeth and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots
The plot led to the trial and execution of Mary
What was the counter reformation?
The attempt by the Catholic Church to bring many protestants back to the old faith
A seminary was established in the Netherlands to train Catholic priests, and the aim was to send these priest to England as missionaries, and he had the full backing of the pope - the society of Jesus or the jesuits were the people who began to send the missionaries 
How serious was the Catholic threat to Elizabeth?
The Pope had made it clear with his papal bull that he wanted Elizabeth’s rule to end, he said it was the duty of Catholics to challenge her rule
European Catholic rulers like Philip II of Spain were encouraged by the Pope to challenge her authority
English Catholics were encouraged by the papal bull to retaliate
Society of Jesus and other missionaries were another serious threat, as they could undermine the stability of her religious settlement
Who were Puritans?
Strict protestants, who are influenced by extreme protestants in Europe
In some cases, they lived in exile in Europe during the reign of Elizabeth’s Catholic sister, Mary
They were keen to remove all Catholic elements from the English church
They studied the Bible wanted to plain clothing and simple services
Some Puritans were appointed as bishops by Elizabeth, though some argued over their roles
Who were some powerful Puritans?
Sir Francis Walsingham
Robert Dudley
Peter Wentworth and Anthony Cope
Elizabeth’s response to Puritanism:
When Grindle died in 1583, Elizabeth replaced him with the arch Bishop John Whitgift, who took a tough stance against Puritans.
Measurements against Puritans included :
-New rules introduced banning unlicensed preaching and forcing church attendance with recusancy fines
-A new high commission with the power to find an imprison Puritans, who refuse to follow the rules
-The dismissal or imprisonment of hundreds of clergy men
-The punishment of printers for spreading Puritan message
-A cracked down on high profile, Puritans
What happened in 1580 involving a change in policy?
Elizabeth began to move away from the tolerance of Catholics that was part of her religious settlement. Instead she began to introduce the increasingly anti-catholic laws.
What did the 1580 laws state?
Recuscancy fines were increased to $20
Any priests would be ordained after 1559 was considered a traitor and he and anyone protecting him face death
It became legal to kill anyone who attempted to assassinate the queen
The statue of confinement - Catholics could not travel more than 5 miles from home without permission from the authorities
