TROT Tech Flashcards
Swift water
What is the hand signal for tighten
Spin 1 finger vertically up
Structural
How much is a 4x4 box crib rated at for each contact point
6000 pounds
Tools
10 bar is equal to _______ PSI
145 PSI
Rope
What percentage is lost when carabiners are twisted or cross loaded
50 %
Con space
What is the primary hazard when associating with con space
Oxygen deficiency
Trench
If a trench is 6’ - 9’ wide and less than 10’ deep what size lumber should be used
4 x 6
Trench
At what psi will get a shore thrust of 892 PSI
200 PSI
Petrogen
When should the 3 fuel knobs be checked
1) initial assembly
2) during routine maintenance
3) if any leaking is observed
Swift water
What is river left
Left side of the river when looking downstream
Vortex
Where should you run your belay line at
At or near the floor/ ground level
Structural
1 ton = how many pounds
2000 pounds
Structural
What building marking signifies a high risk building
Square with an X in the middle
Structural
What is the shoring sequence for steel frame construction
2 undamaged floors can support 1 damaged floor
Swift water
In the counter-panic victim recognition stage, what are the victims expected mental capacity
“Blank stare”
Inability to follow commands and assist rescuers
Con space
When does the low air alarm go off on the air cart
500 PSI
Trench
If a cutback is necessary, how do we do a cutback
2ft to 1 ft ratio starting after the first 2 ft
Structural
How much is each contact point rated at for 6x6 cribbing
15,000 pounds
Structural
What are the 3 classes of levers and give examples
Class 1 - teeter totter
Class 2 - wheel barrow
Class 3 - broom
Rope
Safety checks should be checked how many times by how many different people
3 times by 2 different people
Vortex
How many guy lines and at what angle are needed for a gin pole used as an anchor
4 guy lines
90 degrees
Swift water
What does an upstream “v” indicate
Object in the water
Swift water
In the normal victim recognition stage, what is the victims expected mental capacity
Victim able to follow commands and assist in own rescue
Structural
What is the building marking for a low risk building
An empty square
Petrogen
How long should the fingers be on the torch flame
3/16 of an inch
Rope
What type of rope do we use for throw bags
Polypropylene
Rope
How many feet of rope are in the climbing above an anchor rope
165 feet
Structural
What should taker backing be made of and what size for badly cracked masonry or concrete walls
48” x 48” x 3/4 inch plywood
Structural
For solid sole raker, a mid point is needed when insertion point is over_______
8 feet
or post length is more than 11 feet
Trench
Which degree raker is most efficient
30 degree
Structural
A basket hitch is how much stronger than a single straight leg sling
2 hundred percent or 2x
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for a window or door shore
W or D
Swift water
What does 4 whistle blasts mean
Help / trouble
Rope
What type of carabiner is preferred on webbing
Opposite and opposed
non locking
Structural
When is hearing protection required
Above 90 DB
Swift water
Minimum PPE for tech level rescuer
1) type V w/ quick release strap
2) water rescue helmet
3) appropriate footwear and gloves
4) whistle
5) knife
6) throw bag
7) light source
8) low light marking device
Con space
definition of IDLH
Any condition that posses an immediate or delayed threat to life or interfere with an individuals ability to escape unaided
Structural
What is the max lift of the hydro fusion
26”
Swift water
What is the definition of hydraulic affect
The movement of water caused by pressure
Con space
A permit required confined space will have 1 or more of what conditions
1) potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere
2) contains material that has the potential to engulf or entrap
3) contains inwardly converging walls or floors to a smaller cross section
4) contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard
Con space
Pre entry briefings should include what info
1) inform teams of roles / tasks
2) emergency procedures w/ in space
3) should get site briefing (maps)
4) made aware of time limit
5) made aware of hazards
Trench
Underground utility markings marked with orange are what
Communications
Swift water
What is gastrointestinal illnesses from
Ingestion of contaminates water
Structural
What is the building marking for a medium risk building
A square with a single slash through it
Trench
Shores are rated up to what depth
20 feet deep
Rope
For the vortex, what is the maximum amount of outer legs you can use on any one leg of the system
No more than 3
Swift water
What does 3 whistle blasts mean
Downstream
Con space
Light comms, what does 4 flashes mean
Help
Swift water
Minimum PPE requirements for a victim
1) type III or V PFD
2) appropriate helmet with light or glow stick
Con space
What are the 5 most common gasses found in confined spaces
1) methane
2) carbon monoxide
3) carbon dioxide
4) hydrogen sulfide
5) sulfur dioxide
Swift water
What is the NFPA standard for throw bags….
How many throws in how many seconds
2 throws in 40 seconds
Rope
How many pounds is a G rating
600 pounds
Swift water
Downstream “V” is what
Water being pushed throw a narrowing gap, causes the level to rise up forming a “chute or tongue”
(Where a rescue should swim or bring a boat through)
Swift water
Types of intestinal bacteria are
1) E. coli
2) salmonella
3) shigella
4) hep A
5) typhoid
6) tetanus
Con space
Rope comms - what does 1 tug mean
Ok
Swift water
What causes leptospirosis
Contaminated water from animal urine
Structural
How much does structural steel weigh
490 PCF
Tools
Volts X amps =
Watts
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for a tee spot shore
T
Swift water
What is laminar flow
Water flows in layers with the bottom layers typically moving faster
Trench
How many ladders should be placed every 25 feet
1 osha
2 ffx county
Rope
When should a brake bar or figure 8 be replaced
When 15 % of the material is missing or worn away
Trench
A pt buried under 2 ft of soil will have how many pounds of pressure on their chest and back
700-1000 pounds
Structural
What is brittle behavior of materials
The material will break with out warning
Con space
What is the range for oxygen concentrations
19.5 % - 23.5 %
Structural
Where is quadrant E in a building or structure
In the middle of the building
Trench
Side wall shear is what
When an entire portion of the wall falls into the trench
Con space
Airborne dust particles constitute a confined space as IDLH when
Visibility is less than 5 feet
Swift water
What does the upstream spotter do
Looks for any incoming hazards
Structural
What is the symbol for a confirmed live victim
V with a circle around it
Structural
What is the building marking if a search is incomplete
Single slash with a filled in circle in the middle
Swift water
Definition for down stream
Direction water is flowing
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for a double T
DT
Structural
What size should all building markings be
2’ x 2’
Trench
What is type B soil
Crushed rock
Compressive strength of .5 - 1.5
Trench
Underground utility markings marked with white are what
Proposed excavation
Petrogen
How long does it take to purge the fuel line
Up to 2 min per 25 feet
Trench
What is the optimal size of a safety zone in a trench
12 feet
Structural
What is the max lift stacked high pressure bags can get
40”
Rope
What is the load on a change of direction from 0-30 degrees
2x or 200 %
Swift water
What is hypothermia
Lowering of the body’s core temperature below 95 degrees
Swift water
What is NFPA 1006
Tech rescue qualifications
Petrogen
What is the standard starting pressure for fuel
20 PSI
No less than 10
Petrogen
Which line should you always pressurize first
Oxygen line
Swift water
What does 2 whistle blasts mean
Upstream
Petrogen
Where should you face when pressurizing the oxygen system
Away from the gauges
Trench
What is the minimum amount of shores required
2
Rope
What are the 4 key knots for rescue
1) water knot
2) round turn with 2 half hitches
3) Prussia hitch
4) figure 8 on a bight
Con space
Spaces less than _____ require the use of a SAR SCBA
24”
Swift water
How many pounds of buoyancy is required for a type 5 flotation device
22 pounds
Rope
What is the safety ratio for rope
10:1
Con space
What is the maximum length of air hose we can use with the SAR SCBA
300 feet
Rope
What is the maximum allowable angle for a pendulum
120 degrees
Petrogen
What condition do we keep the petrogen in
Ready condition 2
tanks full but not pressurized
Rope
Wrap 3 pull 2 is an anchor rated at _____ pounds
7899 pounds
Rope
How long should each leg be kept to on a load distributing anchor
Less than 1 foot
Rope
What are the 5 positions on a petzl ID
1) store
2) lock off
3) belay
4) descent
5) panic
Trench
How much does the vac truck hold
10 yards
Trench
A trench box may not be more than _____ narrower than the trench
18 “
Structural
When 2 forces are being applied through an object at 180 degrees to each other is called what
Tension
Petrogen
How deep will the 83 tip cut
2 “ - 4 “
Con space
How long will the SAR SCBA last ( escape bottle)
15 minutes
Swift water
What is the hand signal for victim recovered
Two closed fists across your chest forming an X
Swift water
What is a low head damn
Forms a perpendicular line of looking downstream
after going over dam the rescuer / victim will continuously be recycled through the hydraulic
Trench
If the trench is less than 6 ‘ wide and less than 10 ‘ deep what size wood can be used
4 X 4
Swift water
How should you mark a victim location
1) cones
2) floating buoy marker
3) anything easily seen
Con space
_____ percentage of all confined space deaths are would be rescuers
60 %
Con space
What grade air should we use for breathing
Grade D
Hearing protection should reduce the noise by at-least how much
20 DB
Trench
What is the cone effect
The 3D cone exerted by the shore
Extends out again about a 45 degree angle
Petrogen
How many plunges should it take to charge the 2.5 gal container to 20 PSI
80 - 100 plunges
Structural
What is the normal range for oxygen
19.5 - 23.5
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for a vertical shore
V - 2, V - 3 etc
Structural
When two forces are applied directly towards each other (offset) through an object is what
Shear forces
Swift water
What does 1 whistle blast mean
Stop look at me
Rope
What is the strongest shape of carabiner
D shape
Vortex
How much can the 3/8 “ pin hold
18,000 pounds
Rope
How much can 1 “ tubular webbing hold
4000-4500 pounds
Roadway manual
How long does it take for the eye to recover sight from light to dark
6 seconds
Swift water
What is the safest swimming position
Defensive - on back, feet up
Rope
What is the efficiency of a water knot
64 %
Rope
1 “ flat webbing is rated at what
6000 pounds
Swift water
Which search pattern is best used to locate small objects or search limited visibility areas
Spiral search
Structural
What odor does H2S have
Rotten eggs
Trench
Where should you position TROT units on-scene
No closer than 50 Ft
Swift water
When does recovery mode start
When we go to boat based operations only
Tools
1 bar = ______ PSI
14.5 PSI
Structural
What is the building marking once the search is complete
X
Rope
What is the load on a change of direction from 90-120
100 %
Trench
Underground utility markings marked with hot pink are
Temporary survey marking
Swift water
In the panic victim recognition stage, what is the victims expected mental capacity
Can follow simple commands and can assist in rescue with specific instructions
Swift water
What is ferry
Process by which a boat moves across the river w/ out moving downstream
Swift water
What is ferry angle
Using the force of the water to assist movement
45 degree angle
Rope
A minimum sheave diameter of what minimizes rope wear
8 X
Rope
When and where should fall protection be placed when climbing above an anchor
Every 5 ft for the first 30 ft
In 10 ft increments after 30 ft and any change of direction
Structural
Tendency of a steel, pin like connector to break across its cross section is what
Bolt shear
Petrogen
How should we run the torch
Rich
Swift water
In the IDR stage how long does a victim have of survival time
Less than 60 seconds
Con space
Light comms - what does 2 flashes mean
Advance line
Swift water
Why does the glow stick color green mean
Starboard side
Petrogen
Can we use compressed glasses with the petrogen fuel tanks
No
Swift water
What are the 4 stages of victim recognition
1) normal
2) panic
3) counter- panic
4) IDR
Trench
What is a fissure
A crack along the trench lip
Structural
What is the horn blast for evacuate
3 short blasts
Structural
L/D or ht / width must be ____ or less for shoring
25
Con space
Rope comms - what does 2 tugs mean
Advance line
Swift water
What is a standing wave
Waves that form at the base of a downstream “V” due to channeling
Trench
What is type c soil
Sand
Compressive strength of .5 or less
Trench
What is type a soil
Clay
Compressive strength of 1.5 or greater
Structural
Hydro fusion can lift up to ____ tons with a 2:1 safety factor
10 tons
Structural
When two forces are being applied directly towards each other is called what
Compression
Petrogen
What kind of threads does the oxygen line have
Standard right hand thread
Swift water
What color helmet marks victims
Red
Vortex
How many outer legs can be put together
No more than 3
Vortex
How much can the 1/2 “ pin hold
32,000 pounds
Con space
What are the 3 ways a space can become oxygen deficient
1) absorption
2) consumption
3) displacement
Trench
How many GPMs are the portable electric sump pump rated at
90 GPMs
Structural
What type of sloped floor shore is “floating”
Type 3
Square cut on bottom
30” cleat on header
Petrogen
Which gauge is high pressure and which one is low pressure
High pressure goes to the tank
Low pressure goes to the torch
Rope
3 components that make up a knot are what
1) bight
2) loop
3) round turn
Structural
What are the 5 collapse patterns
1) A
2) V
3) lean to
4) pancake
5) cantilever
Structural
What are 2 types of racking
1) offset
2) split level
Rope
What are the critical anchor angles and load percentages
0 degrees - .5 x load
90 degrees - .7 x load
120 degrees - 1x load
Structural
What size are pickets
1 “ x 4 ‘ cold rolled steel
Structural
What does the acronym LCES stand for
1) Look outs
2) Communication
3) Escape routes
4) Safety zones
Swift water
What is and who should be in the warm zone
1) operations level and below
2) within 10ft of the water line
Trench
How much does 1 cubic foot of soil weigh
100 - 130 pounds
Structural
What is the shoring sequence for wood frame construction
1 undamaged floor can support 1 damaged floor
Structural
What is the max slope of a slopes floor shore
45 degrees
What type of rope do we use for life line rope and label the 2 parts
Kernmantle rope
Kern - core
Mantle - outside sheath
Structural
When building shores on soil, backing is made up of
1) 3 - 2 x 6 x 18” lumber
2) 2 - 3/4” X 18” X 18” plywood
Trench
Underground utility markings marked with blue are
Potable water
Swift water
What does the glow stick color yellow mean
Rescuer
Petrogen
What 2 tip sizes do we use
1) 81
2) 83
Swift water
What is the order type of rescues
1) reach
2) throw
3) row
4) go
6) help
Structural
What is the horn blast for resume operations
1 long and 1 short blast
Swift water
What causes infectious hepatitis or aseptic meningitis
Viruses in sewage
Structural
What materials are structure or hazard placards made of
1) 8 1/2 X 11” white paper
2) 8 1/2 X 11” light cardboard
( cut in half to get two placards )
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for a raker shore
A triangle with an R in the middle
How long does it take for the eye to recover sight from dark to light
3 seconds
Con space
A mechanical device shall be available to retrieve personnel from a vertical area of more than _____
5 feet
Rope
Safeties are tied on which 2 knots
1) bowline
2) square knots
Rope
A high line must have a minimum of how many anchors on each side
3
Rope
What does 2 whistle blast mean
Up
Swift water
What is the dispatch for an ice rescue
1) 2 boats
2) 2 engines
3) 1 rescue
4) 1 truck
5) 1 BC
6) 1 Safety officer
7) 2 ems units
8) dive team
Structural
What is the initial entry marking for a building
Single slash
Trench
What is angle of repose
Maximum angle that soil will lie without sliding
Swift water
What is a down stream safety
Personnel or crew assigned to operate downstream of rescuers and victims to immediately remove / provide egress out of IDLH area
Trench
How much does 1 cubic yard of soil weigh
2,700 pounds
Swift water
Are fire apparatus allowed to be driven through the hot zone or through flooded waterways
No
Trench
How far out should you eliminate vibrations
500 feet
Swift water
What does the glow stick color blue mean
Victims
Trench
Underground utility markings marked with yellow are
Gas, oil, steam
Con space
4 ways a chemical hazard can enter the body
1) injection
2) ingestion
3) inhalation
4) absorption
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for a horizontal shore
H-2
H-3
Rope
A tensionless tree wrap must be a min of _____ wraps and have what
1) 3 wraps
2) drip loop
Structural
How much does masonry weigh
125 PCF
Rope
What are the 3 safety checks that need to be performed
1) visual
2) physical
3) load
Trench
At what depth is a hole considered a trench
4ft
Trench
If a trench is more than 6’ wide and 10 - 12’ deep what size lumber should be used
6 X 6
Petrogen
What shade goggles/ eye pro should be worn
Shade 5
Petrogen
How long do you purge the torch for
3 - 5 seconds
Structural
What is ductile behavior of materials
The ability of a material to stretch and or bend without suddenly breaking
Petrogen
What is the lighting sequence for the torch
1) 1/2 turn oxygen
2) purge
3) 1/2 turn fuel
4) light
Rope
Pt packaging devices are good for how long
10 years
Structural
What is the symbol for a dead victim removed
A V with a line and an X with a circle around it
Rope
What is NFPA 1670
Training
Petrogen
How many plunges should it take for the 2 quart tank to pressurize
15-25 plunges
Structural
When should shores be inspected
1) every 12 hours
2) any known load changes
Rope
How far should pickets be spaced
4 ft
Rope
At what weight will Prussics slip
700 pounds
Rope
When should a kernmantle rope be placed out of service
1) 3 damaged mantle threads are broken in one place
2) any part of the core is showing
Structural
How is cribbing interconnected
3/8” X 16” X 1.5 times the height of the crib
On all four sides with 8d nails 3” on center
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for cribbing
Pound sign with a C in the middle
Vortex
How many guy lines and at what angle are needed for a gin pole (non - anchor)
3 guy lines at 120 degrees
Trench
The Stanley pump system is rated at what
800 GPM
Con space
Light comms - what does 1 flash mean
Ok
Trench
How much does 1 cubic yard of soil weigh
2,700 pounds
Swift water
Why min equipment should the downstream safety have
1) appropriate PPE
2) throw bag
3) radio
Structural
What is the ideal angle for a paratech strut used as an A frame
45 - 55 degrees
Trench
How far is the safety zone extend past the fin form
1 foot
Structural
Double T shore - at what height do you need a mid point brace
Over 6 feet tall
Trench
Where should you approach a trench
From the end no closer then 4 foot
Petrogen
When cutting overhead or in excess of 30 feet you may need to compensate by doing what
Increasing the fuel tank pressure
Trench
You should not lower a trench box over what
The victim
Trench
At what PSI will get you a shore thrust of 491 pounds
100 PSI
Vortex
True or false
The feet of the vortex have to be tied down or hobbled in all configurations
True
Swift water
What color helmet signifies a SW Technician
Yellow
Structural
What is the symbol for a live victim removed
A V with an X and a circle around it
Rope
What is the load on a change of direction from 30 - 90 degrees
150 % of the load
Swift water
When the speed of the water is doubled the force on any object is what
Quadrupled
Swift water
How long is a throw bag
75 feet
Trench
A spoil pile must be set back a minimum of ____ and be no taller than _____
1) 2 feet
2) 4 feet
Rope
What is the maximum rope life
10 years
Rope
What is the max tension ratio that should be out on a high line
18:1
Structural
How much water do you need to drink to stay hydrated for 15 - 20 min of work
4 - 8 oz of water
Structural
How much does reinforced concrete weigh
150 PCF
Swift water
Active search and rescue operations should continue for victims submerged up to how long
60 min
Swift water
What is a drowning hole
If looked at from upstream it’s points will be pointing towards you
Swift water
What is aggregate temp
Ambient temp + water temp
If it’s 140 or leas then they chance for hypothermia is greatly increased
Trench
In what order are shores typically set
Top, middle, bottom
Con space
Rope comms - what does 3 tugs mean
Take up slack
Con space
What is the preferred way to ventilate flammable or toxic atmospheres
Exhaust ventilation
Structural
What are they hydro fusions ideal angles for lifting
60 - 80 degrees
Trench
How high of the ground should an electric fan be placed and why
1) 8 - 12 inches off the ground
2) prevent from drawing in debris
Petrogen
What 3 degrees or available for the torch head
1) 75
2) 90
3) 180
Swift water
Current flow is what
The flow of water typically in a straight line
doesn’t necessarily have to follow the shore line
Trench
True or false
It is okay to walk on a spoil pile
False
Con space
What constitutes a confined space
1) Space large enough for someone to enter and perform work
2) has limited or restricted means of entry / exit
3) not designed for human occupancy
Swift water
In the IDR victim recognition stage, what are the victims expected mental capacity
Victim is face down in the water but able to get ahead above water for a breath
Swift water
What is and who should be in the cold zone
1) any untrained personnel
2) greater than 10 feet from the water line
Rope
What is the weakest shape of carabiner
Oval
Rope
What is the strength requirement of a carabiner
5,000 pounds
Rope
What is the requirement for a technical use pulley
5,000 pounds
Tools
Current = ______ divided by ______
1) volts
2) resistance
Structural
In the victim marking V ➡️, what does the arrow indicate
Victim location / victim direction
Trench
Underground utility markings marked with green are what
Sewage
Swift water
What is the definition of helical flow
As water passes along the sides of the shore it creates a circular swirl
( reason why any person within 10ft of the water needs a PFD)
Con space
Rope comms- what does 4 tugs mean
Help
Swift water
How many personnel could be required to make a single person rescue
16
Swift water
Any single long whistle blast means what
Stop look at the person
Trench
What will decrease a trench’s safety by 50 %
Water
Swift water
What is the definition of foot entrapment
When a persons extremity becomes entrapped while operating in moving water
Structural
How far should you drive pickets and at what angle
1) 2/3 of the length of the picket
2) 15 degree angle
Rope
What efficiency is the bowling
58 - 71 percent
Trench
What material is a trench panel made of
Arctic white birch
Structural
What is the shoring sequence for reinforced concrete construction
3 undamaged floors can support 1 damaged floor
Trench
Underground utility markings, what does purple markings mean
Reclaimed water
Trench
What is the size and weight of trench box panels
1) 4’ X 7’
2) 80 pounds
Trench
When a slough in occurs, if the void that is left is greater than ________ it must be filled in
18 “
Power tools
AC power can do what that DC power can’t
Switch polarity
Rope
What percentage of body weight should you use for a load check
80 %
Structural
How much does a single rescuer weigh
10 - 15 PSF
Structural
What are the 3 types of ways we can use slings and what are their strengths
1) straight - 100 %
2) basket - 200 %
3) choker - 3/4 strength
Rope
A 4 line high line is designed to move how
From high to low, or low to high
No vertical capabilities
Rope
What is the difference between a 4 line and 5 line high line
A 5 line high line ya vertical capabilities
Rope
What is the difference of a 6 line high line from a 4 or 5 line
Ability to launch and recover from both sides
Rope
How many pounds is equal to 1 KN
220 pounds
Structural
What is the multiplier for a 45 degree raker
17
Structural
What is the multiplier for a 60 degree raker
14
Con space
What are the 3 common atmospheric hazards
1) Deviations in ambient oxygen level make
2) presence of combustible gasses, vapors, or dust
3) presence of toxic gasses
Trench
What conditions will contribute to a slough in
1) soil make up
2) water
3) vibrations
4) multiple trenches
Con space
What info should be turned over to the next team upon exiting the space
1) location of patients / status
2) specific hazards
3) if primary task was completed
4) update of map / blueprints
Swift water
What are the 3 phases of response
1) flood watch
2) flood warning
3) action phase
Swift water
What does the glow stick color red mean
Port
Structural
When is co an IDLH environment
1,200 PPM
Trench
What is the standard starting pressure for paratech struts
100 PSI
Rope
How many pounds is an L rating
300 pounds
Trench
What are the safety zones for a trench
1) hot - 0 - 50 feet
2) warm - 50 - 150 feet
3) cold - 150 + feet
Rope
What is NFPA 1006
Qualifications
Swift water
Why are the two types of environmental hazards
1) hypothermia
2) hyperthermia
Trench
Shores shall be placed no more than how far apart
4 feet
Swift water
What is the hand signal for ok
Closed fist tapped on top of your head
Swift water
What is the hand signal for slack
Spin 1 finger vertically down
Rope
What is the requirement for a general use pulley
8,100 pounds
Tool
Force = ______ + _______
1) speed
+
2) pressure
Tools
Hydraulic fluid temperature should be within what temperature range
60 - 140 degrees
Swift water
What should you try to maintain with a victim
Visual and verbal contact
Trench
How far above the trench lip should the ladder extend
3 feet
Structural
What is the horn blast for stop work
1 long blast
3 second duration
Structural
For a 3 - 5 post vertical, when is a mid point brace needed
8 feet post height and greater
Trench
Underground utility markings marked in red are what
Electricity
Structural
Which type of sloped floor shore is “hinged”
Type 2
Square side on top
30” clear on sole
Trench
If a trench is greater than 12’ deep, what size lumber should be used
8 X 8
Petrogen
What size hose connection do we use for oxygen
9 / 16 hose connection
Swift water
Direction from which water is flowing is
Upstream
Petrogen
Where should you fill the fuel tank to
Top weld line
Swift water
What is a strainer
Object or structure that allows water to travel but not a rescuer or victim
Swift water
What is an eddy fence
Line of swirls cause by the reversal of water in the eddy and the downstream flow
Con space
What are the 6 steps to lock out / tag out
1) prep for shutdown
2) shutdown
3) isolation
4) application of lockout / tag out
5) control stored energy
6) verification
Rope
What are the 3 different types of locks on carabiners
1) key lock
2) pin and notch
3) claw
Trench
What other things can cause trench emergencies
1) machine accident
2) pipe, box, or other equipment trap
3) water
4) medical emergency
5) bad air
Petrogen
Where should the fuel tank be placed and why
On the floor to prevent static discharge
Swift water
What types of water incidents could we respond to
1) flat water
2) swift water
3) flood water
4) ice
Swift water
What is minimum staffing for a boat
1 operator and 2 swift water techs
Trench
What are 2 types of slough ins
1) rotational slide
2) bell pier
Swift water
Definition of confluence wave
Formed when 2 seperate flows meet
Petrogen
How deep will the 81 tip cut
1/4” - 1”
Petrogen
How and how long do you warm the tip of the torch
For 5 - 10 seconds at a 45 degree angle
Structural
How much does concrete rubble weigh
10 PSF per inch of thickness
Swift water
What is the glow stick color white mean
Stern
Swift water
What is the dispatch for a water rescue
1) 2 boats
2) 1 rescue
3) 1 truck
4) 2 engines
5) 1 BC
6) 1 safety officer
7) 2 ems units
Vortex
What is the inside height clearance of a tripod without additional legs
9 ft
Vortex
What is the inside height clearance of a tripod with additional legs
12 ft
Trench
How far should shores be placed from the lip and from the bottom
2 feet
Structural
What is the collapse zone
The immediate area that could be affected by further collapse, falling debris, or other hazard situations
Trench
What is a slough in
When a portion of the trench wall (usually in the middle) gives way and leaves behind a void
Swift water
Boat deployments are considered to be ______ to _______ risk
Medium to high risk
Rope
How do we calculate force on an anchor due to elevation
Distance of elevation X load in pounds = torque
Con space
What are the 3 ways duct ventilation will / could cause problems
1) short circuit
2) chimney effect
3) recirculating
Con space
What are the 2 types of ventilation
Natural and mechanical
Swift water
What is river right
Right side of the river when looking downstream
Swift water
What is an eddy
Reversal of water from downstream to upstream (after an object)
Structural
What is the symbol for a confirmed dead victim
V with a line and a circle around it
Swift water
What is and who should be in the hot zone
Technician level personnel only and in or above the water
Rope
What does 1 whistle blast mean
Stop
Rope
What does 3 whistle blasts mean
Down
Rope
What does 4 whistle blast mean
Rope free
Rope
What does continuous whistle blasts mean
Help
Structural
What is the shoring symbol for a laced post
LP inside of a square
Structural
What is the length of 2 X wedges
12”
Structural
What is the length of 4 X wedges
18”
Structural
What is the max height for a T spot shore
11 ft
Swift water
Water pushes against a typical car with about _____ pounds of force and displaces about ______ pounds
1) 500 pounds
2) 1500 pounds
Swift water
At what speed is water considered “swift water”
1 knot or 1.15 mph
Trench
What is side A of the trench
Working side
Rope
Is a munter hitch a 2 person load
No
And not suitable for a belay
Trench
What is side B of the trench
Non working side
Swift water
How much water will float a vehicle
12”
Swift water
How much water will carry a vehicle away
24”
Con space
1 % of volume is equal to how many PPM
10,000 PPM
Structural
What is the cutting depth of the 14” ring saw
10.6 “
Structural
Where should the load be placed on a crib tower
Center 1/3 of the crib tower
Con space
Entry teams and back up teams should acquire what tools to fix / repair air systems
1) air fittings
2) air hose
3) Teflon tape
4) duct tape
5) tool box
Rope
What is NFPA 1983
Life safety rope
Structural
When 2 slabs of concrete are connected by a column and the tendency of the slab is to drop as a unit around the column is what
Punching shear
Swift water
What are the 3 search patterns
1) sweep
2) double back
3) spiral
Swift water
What are the conditions for a sub surface search
1) with or without PFD
2) must have a spotter
3) no more than 10 min duration
4) no longer than 60 seconds
5) no greater depth of 10ft
Swift water
What PPE is required for all flood waters
Dry suit
Swift water
What is the hand signal for stop
Two raised fists above head
Swift water
What is a pillow
When water meets a solid object and raises above the water line
Con space
What are the 2 types of mechanical ventilation
Supply and exhaust
Petrogen
How are the fuel connections labeled
1) reverse threaded
2) with a notch on the hose connector
Trench
What % survival do patients who are completely buried have to live
Less than 1 %
Structural
When combined compression, tension, and shear forces act on an object is known as what
Bending forces
Vortex
What are the 3 main configurations
1) tripod
2) bi-pod or A frame
3) monopod or gin pole
Swift water
What is NFPA 1670
Training
Swift water
What is in a water rescue task force
1) 2 boats
2) rescue with atleast 2 swift water technicians
3) 1 BC
4) 1 EMS unit
Trench
What classification does fairfax county assume all soils to be
Class C
Structural
What is the shoring sequence for pre-cast concrete construction
All the way to the floor / ground
Vortex
Resultant force should always be pointed where
In the middle of the legs / down the legs
Swift water
What is a smiling hole
Points of the outside point away from you if looking downstream
Rope
What is NFPA 1500
Health and safety
Swift water
Definition of a “boil line”
Marks the area where the current splits direction of flow
Aerated part is flowing upstream, darker water is flowing downstream
Typically after a low head damn
Vortex
Where should you have a travel / fall restraint
When working within 6 ft of the edge
Swift water
When is a swift water event considered IDLH
When you enter the water or above the water or in a boat
Swift water
What are the 3 types of emergencies
1) victim trapped in flood waters
2) victim fallen through ice or in the water
3) victim stranded
Structural
Max height for a Double T
12 feet
Con space
What are the 4 basic categories of hazards
1) atmospheric
2) physical / mechanical
3) environmental
4) psychological
Con space
Hazardous atmosphere for flammables is what
Gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10% of its LFL
Structural
When building a 3 post pneumatic column, if you need a column cap / backing what is it made of
4 layers of
3/4” plywood by 32” square
Structural
When building a pneumatic strut column, how big is the column head
16” square
Structural
What is the limit on psi for pneumatic shoring
No more than 50 PSI
Structural
What is the max height for a 6X6 crib tower
6 ft
Structural
What is the max height for a 4X4 box crib tower
4 ft
Structural
If 4X4 material is NOT available, what material is acceptable for vertical shores
3- 2X4s
Joints should be staggered 2 ft from each other
Structural
What is the design load for a 4X4 post at 12 feet
3,500 pounds
Structural
What is the design load for a 4x4 post at 10 ft
5,000 pounds
Structural
What is the design load for a 4x4 post at 8 ft
8,000 pounds
Structural
Can a piece of lumber be used instead of a half gusset on a spot T shore
Yes
2x4x18”
Structural
What is the length of an 8d nail
2.5”
Structural
What is the length of a 16d nail
3.25”
Trench
Where should the first monitor reading be taken at
Closest to the victim
Trench
What type of ground pad should be used in between a spoil pile and the trench lip or if a normal ground pad is to large to fit between the trench lip and another object
2x12” boards
Rope
Flying W is what type of system
3:1 pulling on a 2:1
Rope
How does a piggy back system operate
1 built system ( pre built set of 4s) pulling on a simple system
Rope
How does a complex system operate
System pulls on itself and the load
Rope
How does a compound system operate
A system pulling on a simple system
Rope
How does a simple rope system operate
A system pulling on the load directly
Rope
What are your ideal anchor angles
30 - 90 degrees
Rope
How many wraps should Prussic hitch have if supporting personnel
3 wraps
Rope
How many wraps should a prussic hitch have for a non life supporting load
2 wraps
Rope
Depending on entry and exit angle of the main line, the force on the legs can be multiplied to _______ the weight of the load
2 X
Rope
A fall factor of 2 is when the anchor is where
Same level as legs or ground level
Rope
A fall factor of 1 is when the anchor is where
Waist level
Rope
A fall factor of 0 is when the anchor is where
At or above chest level
Structural
What is the design load for a raker
Both 4X4 and 6X6
1) 4x4 - 2500 lbs
2) 6x6 - 3600 lbs
Structural
What is the design load of a 6x6 window or door shore
6000 pounds
Structural
What is the design load of a 4x4 window or door shore
2000 pounds
Structural
What is the max height of a 4x4 and a 6x6 plywood lace post
17 feet
Structural
If the posts are not straight for a vertical shore, where should the bow be faced
To the outside
Structural
What is the design strength of a 4x raker system
5000 pounds
Structural
What is the design strength of 4x4 laced post
32000 pounds
Structural
What is the design strength of a 6x6, 12’ long
20,000 pounds
Structural
What is the range of weight for concrete floors
80 - 150 psf
Structural
What is the weight range of steel floors
50 - 70 psf
Structural
What is the weight range for wood floors
10 - 25 psf
Rope / vortex
What is the horizontal clearance of the tripod configuration
8’ 9”
Structural
1 kip is equal to how many pounds
1000 pounds
Structural
How many mid point braces are needed for a double raker with an insertion point over 16’
4
Structural
How many anchor bolts does a double raker have
45 degrees - 3
60 degrees - 5
Structural
How many anchor bolts does a raker shore have
45 degrees - 2
60 degrees - 3
Structural
What is the maximum insertion point for a double raker
4x4 - 16 feet
6x6 - 24 feet
Con space
What is bridging
When grain or other loose material cling to the sides of a container being emptied from below, leaving a hollow space underneath the “bridged” material
Structural
What is the design load for a 6x6 window or door shore header
6000 pounds
