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Tropical Medicine > Tropical Medicine > Flashcards

Tropical Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What tropical illnesses present with anemia?

A

Histoplasmosis
Hookworm
Tropical sprue
Visceral leishmaniasis

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2
Q

What tropical illnesses typically present with acute fever?

A

Dengue

Ebola-Marburg hemorrhagic fever

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3
Q

What tropical illnesses present with chronic fever?

A 
Actinomycosis
AIDS
Brucellosis
Histoplasmosis
Relapsing fever
Typhoid fever
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4
Q

What tropical illness is characterized by recurring fever?

A

Malaria

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5
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with exanthem with fever?

A 
Chikungunya
Childhood exanthem
Dengue
Enterovirus exanthems
Rickettsioses (eg. boutonneuse fever)
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6
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with fever and hemorrhage or shock?

A 
Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever
Dengue
Dengue hemorrhagic fever
Dengue shock syndrome
Ebola-Marburg hemorrhagic fever
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Lassa fever
Leptospirosis
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7
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with life-threatening signs (eg. coma, septicemia)?

A 
Anthrax
Chagas disease
Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever
Dengue hemorrhagic fever
Dengue shock syndome
Ebola-Marburg hemorrhagic fever
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
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8
Q

What tropical illness presents with lymphedema?

A

Filariasis

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9
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with heart murmur?

A

Chagas disease

Enteroviral carditis

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10
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with myocarditis?

A

Rheumatic heart disease

Trichinosis

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11
Q

Which tropical illnesses are associated with coma?

A 
Cerebral malaria (P. falciparum)
Japanese encephalitis
Meningococcal meningitis
Rabies
Tick-borne encephalitis
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12
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with localizing signs of a neurologic lesion?

A 
Angiostrongyliasis
Botulism
Cryptococcosis
Cysticercosis
Diphtheria
Echinococcosis
Gnathostomiasis
Lyme disease
Meningococcal meningitis
Naegleria infection
Poliomyelitis
Schistosomiasis
Tetanus
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13
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with eye pain, swelling or reddening?

A 
Chagas disease (Romana's sign)
Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
Loiasis
Onchocerciasis
Trachoma
Trichinosis
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14
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with abdominal pain?

A 
Amebiasis
Anisakiasis
Giardiasis
Hymenolepiasis
Salmonellosis
Strongyloidiasis
Taeniasis
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15
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with acute diarrhea?

A 
Bacillus cereus
Campylobacter
Clostridium perfringens
E. coli
Rotavirus
Salmonellosis
Trichuriasis
Vibrio parahemolyticus
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16
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with bloody diarrhea?

A

Amebic dysentery
Campylobacter
Shigellosis

17
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with chronic diarrhea?

A

AIDS
Clonorchiasis
Cryptosporidiosis
Giardiasis

18
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with hepatomegaly?

A 
Amebic liver abscess
Chagas disease
Clonorchiasis
Echinococcus
Histoplasmosis
Schistosomiasis
Visceral leishmaniasis
19
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with jaundice?

A

Viral hepatitis
Leptospirosis
Malaria

20
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with splenomegaly?

A 
Chagas disease
Chronic malaria
Schistosomiasis
Typhoid fever
Visceral leishmaniasis
21
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with vomiting?

A

Bacillus cereus
Rotavirus
Staphylococcal enterotoxin

22
Q

Which tropical illnesses may present with visible worms?

A

Ascariasis

Taeniasis (tapeworm)

23
Q

Which tropical illness present with hematuria?

A

Schistosomiasis (Schistosoma haematobium)

24
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with cough?

A 
Ascariasis
Bacterial and chlamydial respiratory infections
Paragonomiasis
Pertussis
Psittacosis
Tuberculosis
URIs
25
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with lesions visible on chest X-ray?

A 
Blastomycosis
Echinococcosis
Histoplasmosis
Melioidosis
Psittacosis
Tuberculosis
26
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with pneumonia?

A 
AIDS
Anthrax
Ascariasis
Blastomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Histoplasmosis
Legionella
Paragonomiasis
Plague
Psittacosis
Q fever
Scrub typhus
Strongyloidiasis
Tuberculosis
27
Q

Which tropical illness presents with local anesthesia?

A

Leprosy

28
Q

Which tropical illness presents with anal pruritis?

A

Enterobiasis

29
Q

Which tropical illnesses presents with pruritis?

A

Onchocerciasis

Toxocariasis

30
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with rash?

A 
Boutonneuse fever
Chikungunya
Childhood exanthems
Dengue
Enteroviral exanthems
31
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with swelling or erythematous lesions?

A 
Chagas disease
Gnathostomiasis
Loiasis
Lyme disease
Pinta
32
Q

Which tropical illnesses present with ulcer, eschar, or abscess?

A 
Anthrax
Chagas disease
Coccidioidomycosis
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Lymphgranuloma venereum
African trypanosomiasis
Scrub typhus
Yaws
33
Q

What is the causative agent of Chagas disease?

A

Trypanosoma Cruzei

34
Q

What are the reservoirs for Chagas disease?

A

Trypanosoma cruzei can be found in over 150 different species of domestic and wild animals, including dogs, cats, mice, rats, armadillos, rodents, and human beings.

35
Q

How is Chagas disease transmitted?

A

Chagas is transmitted by the triatomine bug, AKA “kissing bug” or reduviid bug. While the bug is taking a blood meal it passes feces onto the bitten. The trypanosome may enter through the bite wound.

36
Q

What are the signs of acute Chagas disease?

A

Soon after infection, a local skin nodule “chagoma” may appear at the inoculation site. When the bite is near the eye Romana sign may appear characterized by periorbital edema and hyperemic conjunctiva. Other manifestations are fever, hard edema in the limbs, hepatosplenomegaly, tachycardia, and AV blockage. In breastfeeding children a deadly meningoencephalitis may occur.

37
Q

What is the chronic phase of Chagas disease?

A

Years to decades after initial infection patients may develop manifestations of damaged cardiac muscle, including arrhythmia, RBBB, and cardiomegaly. Some strains have tropism for the Auerbach and Meissner plxi of the GI tract leading to leading to dysphagia, constipation, megacolon, and meteorism.

38
Q

How is Chagas diagnosed?

A

In the acute phase the parasite is detected by direct methods in the blood. In the chronic phase serologic test are used with the WHO recommending that three serum tests be applied with at least two being positive.

39
Q

What is the primary treatment for Chagas disease?

A

Benznidazole is the primary treatment for acute Chagas for both adults and children. This is taken for 60 days. Chronic Chagas treatment is based on treatment of the complications such as heart failure and conduction blocks.

Tropical Medicine (1 decks)

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