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10th > tropical forest > Flashcards

tropical forest Flashcards

1
Q

What is the relationship between humans and the natural environment?

A

Humans share a close relationship with the natural environment. which varies from place to place. Factors such as weather. climate. and topography decide how humans live and what means they employ to change the environment.

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2
Q

How do people in forests build their homes?

A

People in forests build their homes with locally available material such as wood, they depend on plants and animals for food.

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3
Q

Do people in forests settle in one place for a long time?

A

They usually do not settle in one place for a long time and keep moving in search of food and fertile land for practising shifting cultivation.

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4
Q

How do people living near river valleys live?

A

People living near river valleys lead a more settled life. They cultivate the same piece of land over and over again.

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5
Q

Do people mostly depend on agriculture for food and livelihood?

A

Yes. they mostly depend on agriculture for food and livelihood.

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6
Q

What will be studied in the next few chapters according to the text?

A

The next few chapters will study how people living in different regions of the world interact with the natural environment they live in.

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7
Q

Amazon Basin ?

A

Tropical Region where lives of people living in tropical and sub-tropical regions

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8
Q

What is the tropical zone?

A

(23½°)S to (23½°)N

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9
Q

What is the equatorial region?

A

The part of the tropical region lying on both sides of the equator (0°) between 10°N and 10°S latitude

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10
Q

What is the world’s largest river by volume?

A

The Amazon River

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11
Q

What is the world’s second longest river after Nile?

A

The Amazon River

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12
Q

Where does the Amazon River originate and where does it flow?

A

The Amazon River originates in Andes mountains and flows east through Brazil towards Atlantic Ocean

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13
Q

How many tributaries does the Amazon River have?

A

Over 1.000 tributaries

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14
Q

What is the Amazon Basin or Amazonia?

A

A large basin in South America that covers parts of Brazil. Peru. Bolivia. Ecuador. Columbia and a small portion of Venezuela

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15
Q

What is a basin?

A

An area drained by a river and its tributaries

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16
Q

How did the Amazon River get its name?

A

When Spanish explorers discovered the Amazon. they were attacked by tribes with women warriors who reminded them of the mythical Greek Amazons

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17
Q

What is the climate in the Amazon Basin?

A

Hot and wet. with high temperatures and humidity

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18
Q

What is the climate in the Amazon Basin?

A

Hot and wet. with constant high temperatures. high humidity. and daily rainfall

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19
Q

What causes the high rate of evaporation in the Amazon Basin?

A

The direct sunlight throughout the year due to its location on the Equator

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20
Q

Is there a clear demarcation between summer and winter seasons in the Amazon Basin?

A

No. there is no clear demarcation between summer and winter seasons in this region

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21
Q

What type of rainfall is common in the Amazon Basin?

A

Convectional rainfall. usually accompanied by thunderstorms

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22
Q

What is the title of section 7.3?

A

VEGETATION AND WILDLIFE IN THE AMAZON BASIN

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23
Q

What type of forests are found in the Amazon Basin?

A

Thick evergreen rainforests. characterized by tall trees and luxuriant foliage

24
Q

What are some of the common trees found in the Amazon rainforests?

A

Mahogany. rosewood. rubber. cinchona. balsa. cocoa. etc.

25
Q

What is the name of the plant parasites that grow on the forest floor?

A

Orchids

26
Q

What are some of the animals found in the Amazon rainforests?

A

Elephants. hippos. monkeys. apes. sloths. squirrels. crocodiles. snakes. piranhas. etc.

27
Q

What are some of the brilliantly coloured birds found in the Amazon rainforests?

A

Toucans and humming birds

28
Q

What type of fish is known for being flesh-eating in the Amazon River?

A

Piranhas

29
Q

What are the Amazon rainforests also known as?

A

Selvas

30
Q

How many insect species are there in the Amazon rainforests?

A

About 10 million

31
Q

What is the title of section 7?

A

PEOPLE IN THE AMAZON BASIN

32
Q

Why is the Amazon Basin among the most sparsely-populated regions in the world?

A

Because of the hot and humid climate and the thick vegetation

33
Q

What type of agriculture do the people living in the forests practise?

A

Shifting or slash-and-burn type agriculture

34
Q

What are some of the crops they grow on small farms?

A

Cassava. sweet potatoes. bananas. pineapples. coffee. maize. cocoa. etc.

35
Q

What is tapioca and what is it obtained from?

A

Tapioca is a staple food that is obtained from cassava

36
Q

What do some tribes make with tree branches and leaves?

A

Thatched huts that look like beehives

37
Q

What are the large apartment-like houses with steep slanting roofs called?

A

Maloca

38
Q

Why are houses in the Amazon Basin built on stilts or trees?

A

To keep rainwater from entering the house

39
Q

What is the name of the highway that made the Amazon rainforests accessible?

A

Trans-Amazon Highway

40
Q

What are some of the developmental activities that led to large-scale destruction of the Amazon rainforests?

A

Clearing of forests. deforestation. hunting. etc.

41
Q

What do some tribes make with tree branches and leaves?

A

Thatched huts that look like beehives

42
Q

What are the large apartment-like houses with steep slanting roofs called?

A

Maloca

43
Q

Why are houses in the Amazon Basin built on stilts or trees?

A

To keep rainwater from entering the house

44
Q

What is the name of the highway that made the Amazon rainforests accessible?

A

Trans-Amazon Highway

45
Q

What are some of the developmental activities that led to large-scale destruction of the Amazon rainforests?

A

Clearing of forests. deforestation. hunting. etc.

46
Q

What are the environmental consequences of forests?

A

The roots of trees and plants hold the nutrient-rich topsoil in place and prevent it from being carried away by rainwater. In their absence. the topsoil gets washed away eventually leaving land barren.

47
Q

Where do the river Ganga and Brahmaputra originate?

A

The river Ganga originates in Himalayas in India while Brahmaputra originates in Kailash ranges in Tibet

48
Q

What are some of the tributaries of the Ganga and Brahmaputra?

A

Son. Ghagra. Chambal. Tista. Kosi. etc.

49
Q

Which latitudes does the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin lie between?

A

10°N and 30°N

50
Q

Which countries does the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin cover?

A

India and Bangladesh

51
Q

What is the climate in the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin?

A

The Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin experiences a monsoon type of climate. with seasonal rainfall. Summers are hot. while winters are cool. Rainfall mainly occurs during the monsoon season. i.e.. in the period between mid-June and mid-September. This annual rainfall is caused by the southwest monsoon winds.

52
Q

What is the vegetation and wildlife like in the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin?

A

The Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin covers mountain areas. plains. and delta regions with varied geographical features. The vegetation varies according to the different landforms found in these regions. The foothills of the Himalayas are covered in Coniferous Forests with trees. such as pine. deodar. and fir because of the cool climate in the area.

53
Q

What wildlife is found in the Ganga-Brahmaputra plains?

A

Wildlife found in this area includes monkeys. langours. snakes. etc. The Ganga and Brahmaputra plains have tropical deciduous forests which shed their leaves in the dry summer season and grow new ones in the monsoon season. Teak. sal. sheesham. peepal.and bamboo are some trees that grow in this region.The plains are home to the one-horned rhinoceros elephants deer etc. The Sundarbans Delta has thick forests of mangrove trees Mangrove trees are hardwood trees that have roots growing above ground.The delta supports wildlife such as Bengal tiger crocodiles alligators.

54
Q

What are the staple food and farming practices of the people in the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin?

A

Fish and rice are the staple food of most people living in the basin.The population of the Ganga-Brahmaputra Basin varies according to topography.Mountain areas are less densely populated than plains.People living in mountain areas usually practise terrace farming.They make flat steps on the sides of mountains for growing crops.This ensures fertile topsoil.

55
Q

What are the tourism and environmental aspects of the region?

A

Tourism is another important occupation in the region. The plains have a number of places of tourist interest. such as monuments like the Taj Mahal. wildlife sanctuaries in Manas. etc. The plains have a huge and dense network of roadways. railways. and airways. The rivers flowing through them also provide water transport. However. the region also faces environmental problems. such as waste discharge into rivers by cities and industries located along them.

10th (2 decks)

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