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english > tropes and schemes > Flashcards

tropes and schemes Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

figures of speech with an unexpected twist in the meaning of words

A

trope

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2
Q

a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable ex. success is a ladder

A

metaphor

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3
Q

When something is like something else. Ex: her skin was like alabaster

A

simile

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4
Q

Using a vaguely suggestive, physical object to embody a more general idea. Ex: crown for royalty

A

metonymy

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5
Q

Using a part of a physical object to represent the whole object. Ex: Twenty eyes watched our every move

A

Synecdoche

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6
Q

twisting the meaning of words, creating a humorous effect. Ex. ask for me tomorrow and you shall find me a grave man

A

Puns (Paronomasia)

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7
Q

Artfully using one verb with two or more different objects. Ex: If we don’t hang together, we shall hang separately

A

Zeugma

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8
Q

a figure of speech in which a word is applied to two others in different senses. Ex: caught the train and a bad cold

A

Syllepsis

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9
Q

Giving human qualities to inanimate objects. ex: The ground thirsts for rain

A

Personification

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10
Q

inanimate object gains the ability to speak

A

Prosopopeia

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11
Q

Addressing someone or some personified abstraction that is not physically present. Ex: Oh, Death, be not proud

A

Apostrophe

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12
Q

Asking a rhetorical question to the reader as a transition or as a thought-provoking tool before proceeding. Ex: What should honest citizens do?

A

Erotema

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13
Q

Words that sounds like what they mean. Ex: Buzz, click, rattle

A

Onomatapoeia

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14
Q

Exaggeration. Ex: His thundering shout could split rocks

A

Hyperbole

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15
Q

Understatement (opposite of exaggeration) Ex: I was somewhat worried when the psychopath ran towards me with a chainsaw

A

Meiosis

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16
Q

Using a different part of speech to act as another, such as a verb for a noun, or a noun for a verb, or an adjective as a verb. Ex: Gift him with Sports Illustrated magazine for Christmas

A

Anthimeria

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17
Q

A completely impossible figure of speech. Ex: The tears falling from her eyes were so sad they too began to cry with her

A

Catachresis

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18
Q

Mixing one type of sensory input with another in an impossible way, such as speak of how a color sounds, or how a smell looks Ex: The scent of the rose rang like a bell through the garden

A

Synesthesia

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19
Q

Talking about not being able to talk about something. Ex: It is impossible for me to describe how horrible it was to view the pink, runny mass.

A

Aporia

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20
Q

Breaking off as if unable to continue. Ex: The fire surrounds them while–I cannot go on.

A

Aposiopesis

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21
Q

Using contradiction in a manner that oddly makes sense. Ex: Without laws, we can have no freedom

A

Oxymoron/Paradox

22
Q

figures of speech that deal with word order, syntax, letters, and sounds, rather than the meaning of words

A

Scheme

23
Q

When the writer establishes similar patterns of grammatical structure and length. Ex: King Alfred tried to make the law clear, precise, and equitable

A

Parallelism

24
Q

The bigger they are, the harder they fall

A

Isocolon Parallelism

25
Q

The government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth

A

Tricolon Parallelism

26
Q

Contrary ideas expressed in a balanced sentence. Ex: Evil men fear authority; good men cherish it

A

Antithesis

27
Q

Inverted word order from what one expects. Ex: One ad does not a survey make

A

Anastrophe

28
Q

Repetition in reverse order. Ex: One should eat to live, not live to eat

A

Antimetabole/Epanados

29
Q

Taking parallelism and deliberately turning it inside out, creating a “crisscross” pattern. Ex: By day the frolic, and the dance by night

A

Chiasmus

30
Q

Presenting alternatives in a balanced manner. Ex: You can eat well or you can sleep well

A

Alliosis

31
Q

Omitting a word implied by the previous clause. Ex: The European soldiers killed six of the remaining villagers, the American soldiers, eight.

A

Ellipsis

32
Q

Using no conjunctions to create an effect of speed or simplicity. Ex: I came. I saw. I conquered.

A

Asyndeton

33
Q

Using many conjunctions to achieve an overwhelming effect. Ex: This term, I am taking biology and English and history and math and music and physics and sociology.

A

Polysyndeton

34
Q

Arrangement in order of increasing importance. Ex: Let a man acknowledge his obligations to himself, his family, his country, and his God.

A

Climax (Auxesis/Crescendo)

35
Q

least important item appears anticlimactically in a place where the reader expects something grand or dramatic. Ex: Usama bin Laden is wanted dead or alive for mass murder, international arms smuggling, conspiracy against the United States, and two unpaid parking tickets.

A

anticlimax (bathos)

36
Q

Intentionally misusing grammar to characterize a speaker or to create a memorable phrase Ex: We was robbed!

A

Enallage

37
Q

Deliberately creating a sentence fragment by the omission of a clause. Ex: If only you came with me! If only.

A

Anapodoton

38
Q

Intentionally breaking a word into two parts for emphasis. Ex: I have but two words to say to your request: Im Possible.

A

Tmesis

39
Q

Misspelling a word to create a rhetorical effect. Ex: dog as dawg. Less important god as godlet

A

Metaplasmus

40
Q

Adding an extra syllable or letters to the beginning of a word. Ex: All alone, I beweep my outcast state

A

Prosthesis

41
Q

Adding an extra syllable or letters in the middle of a word. Ex: Gosh-diddly-darn-it, Homer.

A

Epenthesis

42
Q

Repetition of a sound in multiple words. Ex: buckets of big blue berries

A

Alliteration

43
Q

repetition of consonant sounds. Ex: Many more merry men

A

Consonance

44
Q

repetition of vowel sounds. Ex: refresh your zest for living

A

Assonance

45
Q

Repetition of beginning clauses. Ex: We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans.

A

Anaphora

46
Q

Repetition of a concluding word. Ex: He’s learning fast; are you earning fast?

A

Epistrophe

47
Q

Repeating a word from the beginning of a clause at the end of the same clause. Ex: Year chases year. Man’s inhumanity to man.

A

Epanalepsis

48
Q

Repeating the last word of a clause at the beginning of the next clause. Ex: Talent is an adornment; an adornment is also a concealment.

A

Anadiplosis

49
Q

Uninterrupted repetition, or repetition with only one or two words between each repeated phrase. Ex: Oh, horror, horror, horror.

A

Diacope/Epizeuxis

50
Q

Repeating words at both the beginning and the ending of a phrase. Ex: Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they of the seed of Abraham? So am I.

A

Symploce

english (1 decks)

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