Triple Science (Biology)

Question 0

What is made after the kidneys have done their job?

Answer 0

Urine

Question 1

What are the Kidneys three main roles?

Answer 1

Removal of Urea
Adjustment of ion levels in the blood
Adjustment of water content of the blood

Question 2

What is it in the kidneys that filters the blood?

Answer 2

The Nephrons

Question 3

What is the three stages of the filtering of blood in the Nephron?

Answer 3

Ultrafiltration
Reabsorption
Release of Wastes

Question 4

What is Ultrafiltration? *

Answer 4

It is when a high pressure is built up which squeezes Water, Urea, Ions and glucose from your blood into the bow mans capsule. Howhether the big molecules such as Proteins and Blood cells are too big so stay in the blood.

Question 5

What is Reabsorption?*

Answer 5

As the liquid flows through the nephron useful substances such as Glucose is all selectively reabsorbed, and Water is reabsorbed depending on the levels of water in the blood. (Reabsorption controlled by levels of ADH)

Question 6

What happens to the waste?

Answer 6

It is stored in the Bladder as Urine then it is released through the Urethra

Question 7

Water content is controlled by……….?

Answer 7

Negative Feedback (with ADH)

Question 8

How is the body’s water content controlled?*

Answer 8

The brain monitors the amount of water in your blood and if it senses less than normal amounts it instructs the pituitary gland to release more ADH which tells the kidneys to absorb more water. And Vice Versa.

Question 9

What is Kidney Dialysis?

Answer 9

A machine that cleans your blood for you.

Question 10

How does it clean your blood?*

Answer 10

It constantly monitors your salts and glucose levels and recreates them so no glucose or salt diffuses out of your blood. Also it has the correct level of water and no urea so these diffuse out.

Question 11

What are the four stages of the Menstrual cycle?

Answer 11

1 Days 1-4 The lining of the Uterus breaks down
2 Days 4-14 The lining of the Uterus builds up
3 Day 14 Ovulation
4 Days 14-28 The lining of the Uterus is maintained

Question 12

What is the names of the four hormones that control the menstrual cycle?

Answer 12

FSH, Oestrogen, LH and Progesterone.

Question 13

What is the two roles of FSH?

Answer 13

It causes a Follicle to mature.

It stimulates Oestrogen production.

Question 14

What is the two roles of Oestrogen?

Answer 14

It causes the Uterus lining to thicken and grow.

A high level stimulates an LH surge.

Question 15

What is the two roles of LH?

Answer 15

It stimulates Ovulation at day 14.

It stimulates the production of Progesterone.

Question 16

What is the four roles of Progesterone

Answer 16

Maintain the lining of the Uterus.
Inhibits the production of FSH and LH.
When the Progesterone levels falls so does the Oestrogen levels so the Uterus lining breaks down.
A low progesterone level allows the levels of FSH to increase and the cycle repeats.

Question 17

What happens if a fertilised egg implants itself in the lining of the Uterus?

Answer 17

The levels of Progesterone stay high so the Uterus lining Is maintained.

Question 18

What are the three main Fertility Treatments

Answer 18

Hormones
IVF
Surrogate mother

Question 19

What sort of growth do bacteria display?

Answer 19

Exponential

Question 20

Who discovered microbes in the air?

Answer 20

Louis Pasteur

Question 21

How do you become immune to a disease?*

Answer 21

You get a mild or dead form of the virus and your body makes antibodies to counter it. Then memory lymphocytes are produced which can make the right antibody straight away so when you actually get the disease you body kills it straight away.

Question 22

Who discovers immunisation?

Answer 22

Edward Jenner (Small pox)