Trilaminar Germ Disc Flashcards
Cell migration and specification into the primitive streak is controlled by the
FGF8
FGF 8 works by
Downregulating E cadherin
How and where is the prechordal plate formed
Between the tip of notochord and oropharangeal membrane
What is the purpose of the prechordal plate
Important for induction of the forebrain
What is the neurenteric canal
Formed at the indentation of the primitive pit, connects the amniotic and yolk sac
What happens after the appearance of cloacal membrane
The Allantois is formed at the posterior wall of the yolk sac ( allantoeneteric diverticulum )
What is the purpose of allantois
What secreted factors are expressed by the AVE
Cerberus and lefty1
What is the purpose of BMP 4
Ventralizing mesoderm along with FGF
What are the inhibitors of BMP 4
Chordin noggin follistatin
The nodal is maintained by the
HNF 3B
What is the purpose of HNF 3B
maintaing the nodal and inducing regional specificity in the midbrain and forebrain
What is the brachury T expression
Encodes for a sequence specific DNA binding protein functioning as a transcription factor. The DNA binding domain of it is called the T box carrying more than 20 genes
What does the deficiency of BRACHURY T expression cause
Caudal dysgenesis
Accumulation of what restricts NODAL expression to the left
Serotonin
What midline genes are involved in maintaining of restriction of left nodal expression
Lefty 1, SHH, and ZIC 3
What is ZIC3
A gene on the X chromosome responsible for encoding zinc finger transcription factor
What is the MAD3
What mechanism causes the establishment of left nodal expression
Upregulation of PITX2 by the LEFTY2. PITX2 is a homeobox containing master gene
What transcription factor is restricted to the right side when establishing LR Laterality
SNAIL
