Trigeminal + Vago-Accessory Complex (X/XI) Flashcards
What is included in segment 1
No pharyngeal arch therefore no dorsal root nerve
Borrows from dorsal root nerve of segment 2 (= CN V) Opthalmic division of Trigeminal
What is included in segment 2
Pharyngeal arch 1 therefore has dorsal root nerve (=CN V)
Mouth divides structures of segment 2
Maxillary division of Trigeminal
Mandibular division of Trigeminal
What is included in the Opthalmic division of V
Ectoderm only therefore SA only
SA - skin of forehead and upper eyelid (zygomaticaotemporal n and frontal n), cornea (long ciliary nn.), medial eyelid/canthus (infatrochlear n.), dorsal turbinates (ethmoidal n), base of horn in ox (cornual n)
What is contained in the maxillary division of V
Ectoderm only therefore SA only
Skin lower eyelid - zygomatic
Mucosa of nasal cavity - caudal nasal
Mucosa of hard palate - major palatine
Mucosa of soft palate - minor palatine
Cheek and incisor teeth of upper jaw - maxillary alveolar
Upper lips, vibrissae, muzzle - cutaneous branches
Vestibule of nostril - rostral nasal
What does the ectoderm portion of the mandibular division of V contain
Lining of cheeks - buccinator
Lower teeth and lower lip - mandibular alveolar and mental
Auricular and temporal regions - auricular and temporal branches
Rostral 2/3 of tongue - lingual
What are the muscles of chewing (SVE) in the mandibular region of V
Jaw closers - masseter, pterygoid, temporalis
Jaw opener - rostral belly of digastricus (mylohyoid)
Other muscles - tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini
What are the dorsal turbinates from
Ectoderm of segment 1
Ethmoidal n from opthalmic V
What is the rest of the nasal cavity from
Ectoderm or segment 2
Caudal nasal n and rostral nasal n from maxillary V
Have a look at power point for skin of head
LOOK!
What does the mouth separate
Trigeminal into maxillary and mandibular
What structures does the maxillary V contain
Palate - palatine n
Upper teeth - max alveolar n
What structures does the mandibular V contain
Lower teeth - mand alveolar n
Cheek lining - buccinator n
Tongue - lingual n
What 5 nerves are involved in the horn of ruminants
Variation between individuals
5 nerves =
Trigeminal branches - cornual n, Cornual branch of infratrochlear n, frontal n, nerve to frontal sinus (never superficial)
Cutaneous from C1/ C2
What gives rise to the muscles of chewing
Arch 1 (segment 2)
What are the jaw closers
Masseter
Medial and lateral pterygoid
Temporalis
What is the jaw opener
Digastricus
2 bellies - cranial from arch 1 innervated by V, caudal from arch 2 innervated by VII
What are all the chewing muscles innervated by
Mandibular V (SVE)
What happens if there is damage to Trigeminal
Loss of sensation (SA)
Inability to chew (SVE)
Sometimes in dogs - dropped lower jaw and ridged appearance to crown of head due to wasting of temporalis muscle
What are the two components of the Vaal-Accessory complex (X/XI)
Vagus - SA, AA, AE to head. Also major AA (+AE) to thoracic / abdominal viscera
Cranial division of accessory - SVE to head, spinal division of XI is SE to some of neck muscles
What does the vagal-accessory complex contain
Pharyngeal arches 4 + 6
What does the SA supply in the Vagal-Accessory complex
External ear (auricular nerve)
What does the AA supply in the Vagal-Accessory complex
Epithelium of cervical oesophagus, caudal larynx, trachea (rec laryngeal), cranial larynx (cr laryngeal), lungs (pulmonary branches)
Chemo/baro receptors in aorta - aortic n
Taste in pharyngeal mucosa surrounding larynx - cr laryngeal
Epithelium of GI tract
What does the AE supply in the Vagal-accessory complex
GI tract to transverse colon
What does the SVE supply in the Vagal-Accessory complex
Muscles of pharynx/larynx (pharyngeal/ rec laryngeal
Cricothyroideus (cr laryngeal)
