TRIGEMINAL NERVE Flashcards
Roots that originates from the pons
Large sensory root
Small motor root
Cranial nerves located at the cerebral hemisphere
Olfactory and optic nerve
Cranial nerves located at the midbrain
Oculomotor and trochlear nerve
Cranial nerves located at the pons
Trigeminal, abducens, facial, and vestibulocochlear nerve
Cranial nerves located at the medulla oblongata
Glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal nerve
From the pons, it expands into the trigeminal ganglion to
form three branches:
Ophthalmic branch
Maxillary branch
Mandibular branch
- purely sensory
- leaves the cranial cavity and enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure.
Ophthalmic branch
- purely sensory
- leaves the cranial cavity through the foramen
rotundum.
Maxillary branch
- mixed
- leaves the skull through the foramen ovale.
Mandibular branch
OPHTHALMIC NERVE THREE MAIN BRANCHES:
Frontal nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Lacrimal nerve
Largest branch of ophthalmic nerve that goes to the supraorbital foramen
Frontal nerve
Smallest branch of ophthalmic nerve that goes to the lacrimal gland.
Lacrimal nerve
Branch of ophthalmic nerve that goes to the orbit, nasal
cavity.
Nasociliary nerve
The ophthalmic nerve and its branches supply ___________.
general sensation
The ophthalmic nerve and its branches supply general
sensation (of touch, pain, pressure, and temperature) to
the skin of the:
- Upper third of the face.
- Forehead and anterior scalp.
- Around the eyeballs, upper eyelids.
- Nose and part of the nasal mucosa.
- Maxillary sinus.
Does the ophthalmic nerve supply the oral cavity?
No
Gives sensory innervation to
the dura mater.
Middle Meningeal Nerve
The max. nerve gives rise to its smallest branch, the
__________________ near the foramen rotundum.
middle meningeal nerve
It supplies the dura mater of the middle cranial fossa
middle meningeal nerve
After passing through the foramen rotundum, the maxillary nerve splits into
four branches:
Pterygopalatine nerve
Posterior superior alveolar nerve
Infraorbital nerve
Zygomatic nerve
It is a ganglion in the maxillary nerve
Pterygopalatine nerve
It is a branch of the pterygopalatine nerve wherein it is called _____ after it passes through the greater palatine foramen.
greater palatine nerve
supply the part of the hard palate and palatal
gingiva to the posterior teeth (molars and
premolars)
Greater Palatine Nerve
enter the palate through the lesser palatine
foramen to spread posteriorly to supply the
tonsils and mucosa of the soft palate.
Lesser (Posterior) Palatine Nerves
emerge anterior of palate through incisive
foramen.
Nasopalatine nerve
Its dental branches enter to the foramina in the tooth roots
to supply the max. molars (except for one root = the
mesiobuccal root of the max. first molars).
Posterior superior alveolar nerve (PSAN)
It enters the infraorbital canal, where it becomes the
________________.
Infraorbital Nerve
While inside the infraorbital canal, the infraorbital nerve gives off two
branches:
Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve
Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
Branch of infraorbital nerve that enters the foramina of the max. premolars
and the mesiobuccal root of the 1st molar.
Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve
Branch of infraorbital nerve that enters the foramina of max. anterior teeth.
Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
After exiting the infraorbital foramen, the infraorbital nerve
splits into its end (terminal) branches innervating the skin
and mucosa of the side of the:
Nose (nasal branches).
* Lower eyelids (palpebral branches).
* Upper lip (superior labial branches).
* Facial gingiva of the max. premolars and anterior
teeth.
Zygomatic Nerve is divides into two branches:
a. Upper Zygomaticotemporal Nerve
b. Lower Zygomaticotemporal Nerve
Branch of zygomatic nerve that supplies the lower skin of the temporal region
and lower part of the orbit.
Lower Zygomaticotemporal Nerve
A mixed division of the trigeminal nerve
Mandibular nerve
retracts the mandible
Motor fibers
Motor fibers retracts the mandible, with the assistance
of:
Muscles of mastication
Mylohoid muscles and the anterior belly of the
digastric muscles.
Muscles of mastication
temporalis, masseter,
lateral and medial pterygoid
The lateral pterygoid has two part
superior and inferior head
Lateral pterygoid part that superiorly moves the mandible with masseter, temporalis, lateral pterygoid and medial pterygoid
Superior head of the lateral pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid part that moves the mandible inferiorly with the mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric
Inferior head of the lateral pterygoid
responsible for touch, pain,
pressure, and temperature, along with the skin of the
lower third of the face, floor of the mouth, anterior two
thirds of the tongue
sensory fibers
Does mandible nerve allow sense of taste?
no
Four sensory branches of mandibular nerve:
Auriculotemporal Nerve
Buccal Nerve (Long Buccal Nerve)
Lingual Nerve
Inferior Alveolar Nerve
Motor branch of mandibular nerve
Mylohyoid Nerve
Sensory branch of mandibular nerve that supply pain and proprioception fibers to the
TMJ, skin of the outer ear, lateral aspect of
the skull and cheek
Auriculotemporal Nerve
Sensory branch of mandibular nerve that innervates the mucosa and skin of the
cheek up to the corner of the mouth, buccal
gingiva in the area of the mandi. molars
(distal to the 1st molar), and sometimes
buccal of the second premolars
Buccal Nerve
Sensory branch of mandibular nerve that Goes to the tongue to provide general
sensation (touch, pain, pressure, and
temperature, but not taste).
Dorsal and ventral surfaces anterior two
thirds of the tongue and adjacent tissues.
Lingual Nerve
Sensory branch of mandibular nerve that enters mandi. foramen = inside the mandi.
canal:
Spread into dental branches to enter the
apical foramen of all mandi. molars and
premolars.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve
Inferior avleolar nerve within the mandibular canal splits near the roots of the premolars to become:
mental nerve and incisive nerve
Over-lapping nerve fibers location and what is it called
lower anterior teeth by the incisive nerve fibers
Nerve of Mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the
digastric muscles that opens the mouth
Mylohyoid Nerve
to the masseter muscle, as
well as to the TMJ.
Masseteric nerve
to the
temporalis muscle.
Posterior and anterior temporal nerves
to the medial
pterygoid muscle.
Medial pterygoid nerve
to the lateral
pterygoid muscle.
Lateral pterygoid nerve
