TRICKY Flashcards
what is geometric isomerism
the same molecular formula, but a different spatial arrangement of atoms around a double bond
what is a positional isomerism
Same molecular formula functional group in different position
Redox reactions
a reaction in which electrons are transferred from one species to another
Nucleophile
species can donate a lone pair of electrons to form a covalent bond
substituition
replacement of one atom or group of atoms by another
free radical
species with unpaired electrons
addition
combination of two or more molecules to form a single molecule
oxidising agent
electron acceptor
Dynamic equilibrium
a reaction in which the forward and reverse reaction are proceeding at the same time, therefore concentration stays constant
Collision theory
number of collisions between particles per second
fingerprint region
the part of the infra red spectrum characteristic go an unknown molecule
addition polymerism
combination of a large number of monomers to form a single chain, without wage being a product
homolytic fission
breaking covalent bonds in such a way the one electron goes to each atom
heterolytic fission
breaking covalent bonds in such a way that both electrons go to one atom
equations that show how Cl free radicals damages the ozone layer
Cl- + O3 –> ClO- +O2
ClO- + O3–> 2O2 + Cl-
If there was a fire with a group 2 metal, why wouldn’t you add water to it
Mg + H2O –> Mg(OH)2 + H2
H2 is highly flammable and the reaction is exothermic so a lot of heat energy would be created, aiding the fire
three types of alcholos
Primary, secondary and tertiary
three properties the hydroxyl group gives the alcohol
> High melting point
they are highly reactive
they are soluble
what is used to oxidise alcohols
acidified potassium dichromate
what colour does an alcohol go if it is oxidised
orange to green
what is used as a catalyst in hydration of ethane
conc h2so4
what is use in the hydration of an alcohol
con H2so4
what type of reaction is an elimination reaction
elimination
mechanisms
nucleophilic substitution
electrophilic addition
free radical substitution
Elimination
primary alcohol is oxidised to…
aldehyde, then under reflux carboxylic acid
how to text for a carboxylic acid
add carbonate and there should be immediate fizzing and CO2 produced
Formula of ethanol
C2H5OH
