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Anatomy of the neck > Triangles of the neck > Flashcards

Triangles of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the anterior and posterior triangles separated by

A

SCM

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2
Q

What are the attachments of the SCM

A

Sternal manubrium, sternal clavicle and mastoid process of the temporal bone (behind the ear)

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3
Q

What is the innervation of the SCM

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

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4
Q

What are the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Superior- inferior border of the mandible
Laterally- anterior border of the SCM
Medially-sagittal line down neck midline

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5
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid

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6
Q

What are the infra hyoid muscles

A

THyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid

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7
Q

What nerves does the anterior triangle contain

A

Cranial nerves

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8
Q

What cranial nerves does the anterior triangle contain

A 
Facial nerve (CN VIII)
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Vagus nerve (CN X)
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XIII)
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9
Q

What does the carotid sheath contain

A 
Common carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve 
CNX
Deep cervical lymph nodes
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10
Q

What does the common carotid artery bifurcate into and where

A

External and internal carotid artery at C4 (thyroid cartilage superior border)

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11
Q

What are the triangles in the anterior triangle of the neck

A

Bottom to top in clockwise direction on RHS:

  • Muscular triangle
  • Carotid triangle
  • Submental triangle
  • Submandibular triangle
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12
Q

Borders of the carotid triangle

A

Superior- posterior belly digastric muscle
Lateral- medial border of SCM
Inferior-Superior belly of omohyoid muscle

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13
Q

What does the carotid triangle contain

A

Carotid sheath,
Site of common carotid artery bifurcation
Vagus nerve CNX
Deep cervicxal lymph nodes

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14
Q

Borders of submental triangle

A

Inferiorly- Hyoid bone
Medially- Midline of neck
Laterally- Anterior belly of digastric

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15
Q

What does the submental triangle contain

A

Submental lymph nodes

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16
Q

Borders of the submandibular triangle

A

Superior- Body of the mandible
Anteriorly- Anterior belly of the digastric muscle
POsterior- Posterior belly of the digastric muscle

17
Q

What does the submandibular triangle contain

A

submandibular gland and lymph nodes

18
Q

Borders of the muscular triangle of the neck

A

Superiorly- hyoid bone
Anteriorly- midline of neck
Laterally- Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle and SCM

19
Q

What does the muscular triangle of the neck contain

A

Infrahyoid muscles
Pharynx
Parathyroid glands

20
Q

Borders of the posterior triangle of the neck

A

Anterior- posterior border of SCM
Posterior- Anterior border of trapezius
Inferior- middle 1/3 of clavicle
Roof- Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
Floor- Prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia

21
Q

Origin of trapezius muscle

A

Ligamentum niche and spinous processes of C7-T12

22
Q

Insertion of trapezius

A

Clavicle, acromion and scapula spine

23
Q

Innervation of trapezius

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)

Proprioceptor fibres from C3 and C4

24
Q

Action of the upper fibres of trapezius muscle

A

elevate scapula and rotate it during arm abduction

25
Q

Action of the middle fibres of the trapezius muscle

A

Retract scapula

26
Q

Action of the lower fibres of the trapezius muscle

A

Pull scapula inferiorly

27
Q

What are the vertebral muscles of the posterior triangle

A

Splenius Capitis
Levator scapulae
Anterior, middle and posterior scalenes

28
Q

What is the origin of the omohyoid muscle

A

Inferior belly arises from scapula and runs under sternocleidomastoid.

It is attached to the superior belly by an intermediate tendon which is anchored to the clavicle by deep cervical fascia

29
Q

What is the insertion of the omohyoid muscle

A

Superior belly attaches to hyoid bone

30
Q

What is the action of the omohyoid bone

A

depresses the hyoid bone

31
Q

What is the innervation of the omohyoid muscle

A

Anterior rami of C1-C3 (branch of ansa cervicalis)

Anatomy of the neck (1 decks)

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