Trends in the Periodic Table Flashcards
What is Ionization energy and trend
Energy required to remove the loosest electron from 1 mole (in Kj.mole^-1)
Increase across periods
Decrease down group
What is atomic radii and trend
The size of an atom
Decrease across periods
Increase down group
What is electronegativity and trend
The ability to attract electrons
Increase across periods
Decrease down group
Trends of metallic nature
Decrease across period
Increase down group
Trends of water reactivity
Metals: decrease across period, increase down group (more metal, more reactive)
Non-metals: increase across period, decrease down group (opp)
What is the actual mount of positive charge experienced after shielding and other factors
Effective nuclear charge
What is shielding
When shells partially ‘block out’ the positive nuclear charge from the nucleus
Formula of ionisation
X(g) -> X+ (g) + e-
What are the 4 steps to explain atomic radii trend
- Decreases across a period
- The nuclear charge increases
- Pulls electrons in closer
- Atomic radii goes down
What are the 4 steps to explain ionisation trend
- Decrease down a group
- The number of shells increases
- Shielding makes the effective nuclear charge decrease.
There is less pull so less energy is needed to extract electrons.
4.Decrease in energy.
What are the 4 steps to explain electronegativity trend
- Increase across a group
- The number of protons and nuclear charge increase
- The pull increases
- The ability to attract increases
The four steps to describe water reactivity in metals trend
1.Decrease across a period
2. More protons in the nucleus
3. More attraction and ionisation NRJ
4. Decrease the reactivity
The four steps to describe water reactivity in non-metals trend
- Increase across period
- More protons in nucleus
3.More attraction means can more easily react by attracting
4.
