Trends in the Group 2 elements

Question 1

you can describe all group 2 elements as (when pure)

Answer 1

bright silvery solids

Question 2

when group 2 metals react with the air to form an oxide layer, they appear

Answer 2

dull

Question 3

the first ionisation energy of an element is

Answer 3

the energy required to remove an electron from each atom in one mole of atoms int he gaseous state

Question 4

the second ionisation energy of an element is

Answer 4

the energy required to remove an electron from each singly charged positive ion in one mole of positive ions in the gaseous state

Question 5

the general equation for showing the first ionisation energy using M as any element is

Answer 5

M(g) = M+(g) + e-

Question 6

in typical reactions, group 2 elements lose (number of electrons)

Answer 6

2 electrons

Question 7

the general equation for showing the second ionisation energy of an element using M is

Answer 7

M+(g) = M2+(g) + e-

Question 8

the metallic radius of each member down group 2 : (trend)

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

the three factors to consider when explaining trends in ionisation energies of group 2 metals are

Answer 9

• the nuclear charge (number of protons)
• the orbital in which the electron exists
• the shielding effect (repulsion between filled inner shells and the electron that is to be removed)

Question 10

the trend in ionisation energies down group 2 is

Answer 10

an decrease in ionisation energy

Question 11

the electron removed in group 2 metal reactions is always from the ……subshell

Answer 11

s subshell

Question 12

the ionisation energy trend down group 2 decreases because (3 items)

Answer 12

• as the nuclear charge increases , so the force of attraction for the electron being removed also increases, which means an increase in ionisation energy down the group
• as each quantum shell is added, energy of the outermost electron increases
• as the number of filled inner shells increases, their force of repulsion on the electron being removed increases, this means a decrease in ionisation energy down the group