Trematodes: Flukes Flashcards
Most common fluke in florida
Found in bile ducts of cats
Platynosomum concinnum “lizard poisoning fluke”
What are the 2 intermediate hosts of Platynosomum concinnum
Terrestrial snails
Anolis spp. lizards
Characteristics of the size of platynosomum concinnum
Small with parallel testies
What’s characteristic of the eggs of platynosomum concinnum
Operculated
Life cycle of platynosomum concinnum
- Adults in bile duct of cats
- Operculated eggs leave via feces
- Eggs w/miracidium ingested by terrestrial snail
- Miracidium Hatches (sporocyst - sporocyst cercariae)
- Cercaria injested by 2nd IH
- Metacercariae in bile ducts of lizard
- Injested by cat
- Excyst and migrate to bile ducts
Clinical signs of P. concinnum
Normally no severe disease
Chronic- biliary hyperplasia, liver failure
Temporary inappetence
Lizard poisoning
How do you diagnose P. Concinnum
sedimentation
Necropsy
Treatment of P. concinnum
None approved
Praziquantel
Where is Paragonimus kellicotti found
Lungs of dogs and cats
Who are the hosts of P. kellicotti
Mink/muskrat primary DH
IH: 1st - aquatic snail
2nd - crayfish or crab
Life cycle of P. kellicotti
- Adults in lungs
- eggs hatch in water
- cercariae emerge from snail
- Cercariae penetrate 2nd IH
- 2nd IH ingested by DH
Clinical signs of P. kellicotti
Juvenile migration: pertionitis, pleural hemorrhage
Adults: chronic bronchitis, coughing, chronic eosinophilic granulomatous pneumonia
Diagnosis for P. Kellicotti
sedimentation
tracheal wash
radiography
Treatment for P. kellicotti
None approved
Praziquantel
Where is Nanophyetus salmincola most commonly found
Pacific northwest
Where does N. salmincola live in the host
Small intestine of fish eating animlas
What are the hosts of N. salmincola
1st IH: aquatic snail
2nd IH: Fish
Life cycle of N. salmincola
- adults in intestine
- cercaria emerge from snail
- cercaria penetrate 2nd IH
- 2nd IH ingested by DH
Clinical signs of N. salmincola
Salmon poisoning
Enteritis, usually asymptomatic
Diagnosis of N. Salmincola
sedimentation
Treatment for N. salmincola
Praziquantel
Fenbendazole
Tetracyclines
Where is heterobilharzia americana found in the DH
mesenteric and hepatic veins
Where in the US is H. americana found
gulf coast
What is the IH for H. americana
Aquatic snail
Life cycle of H. americana
- adults in terminal branches of mesenteric veins
- cercariae emerge from snail
- Cercariae penetrate skin of DH
Clinical signs and pathogenicity of H. americana
Often asymptomatic
Significant liver and bowel wall pathology
CS: diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss, lethargy, anorexia, thirst, hypercalcemia
What clinical signs happen with egg migration of H. americana
granulomatous inflammation
Diagnosis of H. americana
sedimentation
Treatment of H. americana
praziquantel
fenbendazole
Where is Alaria spp. found in the DH
small intestine of dogs, cats
IH of alaria spp
1st IH: Aquatic snail
2nd IH: tadpole
Transmammary transmission is possible
Life cycle of Alaria spp.
- adults in intestine
- eggs hatch in water, penetrate snail
- cercariae emerge from snail
- cercariae penetrate 2n IH develop into mesocercariae
- 2nd host ingested, some develop into metacercaria
Clinical signs of Alaria spp
usually none
Pulmonary hemorrhage from lung migration
Diagnosis of Alaria spp.
Sedimentation
Treatment of Alaria spp
none approved
Praziquantal
