TREMATODES Flashcards
Enumerate the 2 Classes of Trematodes
Monoecious Flukes
Dioecious Flukes
Mr. Park, a 62-year-old Korean man, was seen for fatigue,
fever, and abdominal pain. On questioning the patient, it was learned that Mr. Park is a commercial fisherman. His
liver function test results were abnormal, showing elevated
aspartate aminotransferase (350 IU/liter), alanine aminotransferase (352 IU/liter), alkaline phosphatase (204 IU/
liter), and conjugated bilirubin (3.9 mg per deciliter) levels;
total bilirubin was 6.4 mg/dL. His white blood cell (WBC) count was 13,000/mm3 and eosinophilia value was 26%. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen showed dilation of the common bile duct. A tube was inserted into
the common bile duct and numerous leaf-shaped worms
- What parasite(s) do you suspect? Why?
- What is the name of the disease/condition associated with this parasite?
- Clonorchis sinensis. The other trematodes
that cause infections from eating raw fish,
metagonimiasis and heterophyiasis, live in the intestine, not the liver. - Clonorchiasis
What is the Intermediate Host for Trematodes?
Snail
Enumerate the following
- Intermediate Host
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious - Infective Stage
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious - Ova
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious - Cercaria
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious - Adult
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious - Habitat
- Adult
a. Monoecious
b. Dioecious
- IH
a (2 IH: Snails and Fresh water vegetations)
b (1 IH: Snails) - Infective Stage
a. Metacercariae
b. Cercariae - Ova
a. Operculated
b. Non-operculated with spines - Cercaria
a. Straight
b. Forked/ Bifurcated - Adult
a. Flat, Leaf-like
b. Cylindrical, separate sexes - Habitat
a. Lungs, liver, intestines
b. Blood vessels
Enumerate
a. Liver flukes
b. Intestinal flukes
c. Lung fluke
d. Blood flukes
a. F. hepatica, F. gigantica, C. sinensis, O. felineus, D. dendriticum
b. F. buski, E. ilocanum, H. heterophyes, M. yokogawai
c. P. westermani
d. S. japonicum, S. mansoni, S. knowlesi, S. haematobium
Termed as a lidlike structure for appropriate conditions. Give an example
Coperculum
Fasciolopsis & Fasciola
Termed as an organ-dwelling fluke
Monoecious
Termed as blood-dwelling flukes
Dioecious
Which are TRUE about Trematodes
I. Known as broad flukes
II. Appears to have a leaf-like structure as bilaterally symmetrical
III. Contains a protandry reproductive system
a. I, II
b. II, III
c. I, III
d. All of these
D
What fluke is the most important digenetic parasites of man inhabiting the veins of their Host?
Dioecious flukes
The first intermediate host for all the trematodes is which of the following?
A. Fish
B. Snail
C. Shrimp
D. Water plant
B
Adult trematodes are readily recoverable in clinical samples
A. True
B. False
B
Individuals suffering from trematode infections experience a variety of species-dependent symptoms.
A. True
B. False
A
Trematodes belong to what Phylum?
Platyhelminthes
All are TRUE for Dioecious flukes are, except
I. Dioecious flukes usually lives in pairs
II. Male is grayish in color with gynecophoral canal
III. Females are thread-like/ cylindrical shaped
IV. Infective Stage: Metacercaria
V. Mode of transmission: Skin penetration of snail to humans
a. One of these
b. Two of these
c. Three of these
d. All of these
e. None of these
A. Infective stage should be Cercaria
