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PARASITOLOGY > TREMATODES > Flashcards

TREMATODES Flashcards

1
Q

TREMATODES IS ALSO KNOWN AS

A

FLUKES

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2
Q

WHAT IS THE SHAPE OF TREMATODES?

A

LEAF-LIKE (ADULT)

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3
Q

TREMATODES IS A _________ / __________, WHICH MEANS IT HAS A MALEA ND FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

A

MONOECIOUS / HERMAPHRODITIC

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4
Q

THE INFECTIVE STAGE OF TREMATODES

A

METACERCARIA

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5
Q

THE LAST LARVAL STAGE OF TREMATODES

A

METACERCARIA

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6
Q

ATTACH THEMSELVES TO THE HOST BY MEANS OF 2 SUCKERS

A

TREMATODES

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7
Q

TREMATODES ATTACH THEMSELVES TO THE HOST BE MEANS OF _______

A

2 SUCKERS

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8
Q

PARTS OF TREMATODE SUCKERS

A
  • ORAL SUCKER
  • VENTRAL SUCKER / ACETABULUM
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9
Q

3RD SUCKER SEEN IN HETEROPHYES HETEROPHYES

A

GENITAL SUCKER / GONOTYL

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10
Q

THE 3RD SUCKER (GENITAL SUCKER / GONOTYL) IS SEEN IN

A

HETEROPHYES HETEROPHYES

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11
Q

TREMATODES:

1ST INTERMEDIATE HOST

A

SNAILS

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12
Q

TREMATODES:

2ND INTERMEDIATE HOST

A

FISH, CRABS, VEGETATION, SNAIL

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13
Q

TREMATODES:

MODE OF TRANSMISSION

A

INGESTION of 2nd intermediate host infected w/
metacercaria

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14
Q

TREMATODES:

Has operculum, lid-like structure allowing the exit of
larva when they hatch

A

EGGS

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15
Q

Eggs w/ operculum are called

A

OPERCULATED OVA

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16
Q

TREMATODES:

LARVAL STAGES

A
  • MIRACIDIUM
  • SPOROCYST
  • REDIA
  • CERCARIA
  • METACERCARIA

Tips (Mnemonic): My Sister Rent a Car for Me

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17
Q

ADULT OVA

A

Oviparous or oviviparous

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18
Q

Trematodes resides in multiple areas of the body:

A

Liver
Intestine
Pancreas
Lungs

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19
Q

GIVE THE LIVER FLUKES

A
  • FASCIOLA HEPATICA
  • FASCIOLA GIGANTICA
  • CLONORCHIS IMMITIS
  • OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS
  • DICROCOELIUM LANCEOLATA
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20
Q

GIVE THE LIVER FASCIOLIDS

A
  • FASCIOLA HEPATICA
  • FISCIOLA GIGANTICA
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21
Q

FASCIOLA HEPATICA IS ALSO KNOWN AS

A

SHEEP LIVER FLUKE
TEMPERATE LIVER FLUKE

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22
Q

FASCIOLA GIGANTICA IS ALSO KNOWN AS

A

GIANT LVIER FLUKE
TROPICAL LIVER FLUKE

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23
Q

THE LARGEST LIVER FLUKE

A

FASCIOLA GIGANTICA

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24
Q

are termed to be Fasciolids

A

Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

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25
Q

NATURAL / FINAL HOST OF Fasciola hepatica

A

SHEEP

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26
Q

NATURAL / FINAL HOST OF FASCIOLA GIGANTICA

A
  • LOCAL CATTLE
  • HERBIVORES
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27
Q

serves as an accidental host for Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A

man

(when man accidentally ingest a 2nd intermediate host infected with metacercaria of either F. hepatica or F. gigantica, they may acquire liver fluke)

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28
Q

1st Intermediate Host of Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A

snail
- Lymnea philippinensis
- Lymnea auricularia rubiginosa

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29
Q

2nd Intermediate Host of Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A

vegetations
- Ipomea obscura (kangkong)
- Nasturtium officinale (watercress)

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30
Q

habitat for Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A

liver parenchyma and gallbladder

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31
Q

infective stage for Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A

metacercaria

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32
Q

pathology for Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A
  • fascioliasis (sheep liver rot / liver rot)
  • liver atrophy
  • pharyngeal suffocation
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33
Q

it is the result of the temporary lodgement of the fluke in the pharynx. give the MOT.

A

pharyngeal suffocation

ingestion

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34
Q

give 2 terms of pharyngeal suffocation

A

halzoun and mararra

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35
Q

pharyngeal suffocation terms:

originated from Lebanon

A

halzoun

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36
Q

pharyngeal suffocation terms:

originated from Sudan

A

mararra

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37
Q

laboratory diagnosis for Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A

stool exam
liver biopsy
PCR

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38
Q

drug of choice for Fasciola hepatica & Fasciola gigantica

A

Bithionol
Triclabendazole

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39
Q

LIVER FASCIOLIDS (MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT)

with cephalic cone which has well developed shoulder

A

Fasciola hepatica

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40
Q

LIVER FASCIOLIDS (MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT)

larger than F. hepatica

A

Fasciola gigantica

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41
Q

LIVER FASCIOLIDS (MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT)

less developed shoulder

A

Fasciola gigantica

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42
Q

LIVER FASCIOLIDS (MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT)

shorter cephalic cone

A

Fasciola gigantica

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43
Q

MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT (FASCIOLA HEPATICA)

A

with cephalic cone which has well developed shoulder

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44
Q

MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT (FASCIOLA HEPATICA)

A
  • larger than F. hepatica
  • less developed shoulder
  • shorter cephalic cone
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45
Q

MORPHOLOGY OF LARVA (LIVER FASCIOLOIDS)

A

ALL STAGES ARE PRESENT

Miracidium
Sporocyst
Redia
Cercaria
Metacercaria

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46
Q

MORPHOLOGY OF EGG (LIVER FASCIOLOIDS)

A

large, operculated, unembryonated, yellowish-brown egg (Hen’s egg shape)

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47
Q

are termed to be Heterophyids

A

Clonorchis sinensis & Opisthorchis felineus

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48
Q

most important liver fluke of man

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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49
Q

a potential carcinogen and may cause liver dysfunction

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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50
Q

first described by McConnell

A

Opisthorchis felineus

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51
Q

other specie of opistorchis

A

Opistorchis viverrini

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52
Q

Opistorchis viverrini is also known as

A

Southeast Asian Liver Fluke

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53
Q

CLONORCHIS SINENSIS other names

A

Oriental Liver Fluke
Chinese Liver Fluke

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54
Q

OPISTORCHIS FELINEUS other names

A

Cat Liver Fluke
Siberia Liver Fluke

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55
Q

final host of clonorchis sinensis

A

man and other fish-eating vertebrae

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56
Q

final host of opisthorchis felineus

A

cats (cat liver fluke)

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57
Q

1st intermediate host of clonorchis sinensis

A

SNAIL

Family of the ff.:
Parafossarulus
Bulinus
Semisulcospira
Alocinma
Thiara
Melanoide

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58
Q

1st intermediate host of opisthorchis fenineus

A

SNAIL

Family Bithynia

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59
Q

2nd intermediate host of clonorchis sinensis

A

FISHES

Family Cyprinidae

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60
Q

2nd intermediate host of opisthorchis felineus

A

FISHES

Family of the ff.:
Cyprinidae
Cobitidae

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61
Q

HABITAT FOR BOTH CLINOCHIS SINENSIS AND OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS

A
  • LIVER PARENCHYMA
  • ALSO IN PANCREATIC DUCT AND GALLBLADDER
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62
Q

INFECTIVE STAGE FOR CLONORCHIS SINENSIS AND OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS

A

METACERCARIA

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63
Q

PATHOLOGY FOR CLONORCHIS SINENSIS AND OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS

A
  • periductal fibrosis
  • gallbladder and liver carcinoma causing:
    ~ hepatocellular carcinoma
    ~ cholangiocarcinoma
    ~ most likely caused by C. sinensis
  • liver dysfunction
    ~ caused by C. sinensis
    ~ occurs on person severely infected over a long period of time
  • bile duct obstruction
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64
Q

LABORTORY DIAGNOSIS FOR CLINORCHIS SINENSIS AND OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS

A
  • stool exam
  • serologic tests
  • molecular tests
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65
Q

DRUG OF CHOICE FOR CLONORCHIS SINENSIS AND OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS

A

PRAZIQUANTEL AND ALBENDAZOLE

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66
Q

MORPHOLOGY OF ADULT (CLONORCHIS SINENSIS AND OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS)

A
  • leaf-like with transparent tegument
  • has vitellaria found in the middle third of the body
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67
Q

gravid uterus; uterus filled with ova

A

vitellaria

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68
Q

two large, highly branched testes arranged in tandem

A

Clonorchis sinensis (ADULT MORPHOLOGY)

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69
Q

lobate testes arranged obliquely

A

Opisthorchis felineus (ADULT MORPHOLOGY)

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70
Q

Opisthorchis felineus (SPECIFIC ADULT MORPHOLOGY)

A

lobate testes arranged obliquely

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71
Q

Clonorchis sinensis (SPECIFIC ADULT MORPHOLOGY)

A

two large, highly branched testes arranged in tandem

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72
Q

Morphology of Adult

for both:
- _________ with transparent tegument
- has _________ found in the middle third of the body
~ __________ - gravid uterus; uterus filled with ____

Clonorchis sinensis (SPECIFIC)
- two large, highly branched testes arranged in _________

Opisthorchis felineus (SPECIFIC)
- _________________ arranged obliquely

A

Morphology of Adult

for both:
- leaf-like with transparent tegument
- has vitellaria found in the middle third of the body
~ vitellaria - gravid uterus; uterus filled with ova

Clonorchis sinensis (SPECIFIC)
- two large, highly branched testes arranged in tandem

Opisthorchis felineus (SPECIFIC)
- lobate testes arranged obliquely

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73
Q

Morphology of Egg/Ova (for C. SINESIS AND O. FELINEUS):

  • ________________, ovoid (pitcher-shaped / old-fashioned electric light bulb-shaped)
  • distinct ___________________ that fits to the thickened rim of the eggshell
  • thick rim located around the operculum (shoulders)
  • small protuberance at the ____________________
    ~ in the opposite pole of the operculum
    ~ usually a ________-shaped
A

Morphology of Egg/Ova (for C. SINESIS AND O. FELINEUS):

  • yellowish-brown, ovoid (pitcher-shaped / old-fashioned electric light bulb-shaped)
  • distinct convex operculum that fits to the thickened rim of the eggshell
  • thick rim located around the operculum (shoulders)
  • small protuberance at the abopercular end
    ~ in the opposite pole of the operculum
    ~ usually a comma-shaped
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74
Q

SHAPE OF THE EGG/OVA OF C. SINENSIS AND O. FELINEUS

A

pitcher-shaped / old-fashioned electric light bulb-shaped

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75
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

The egg/ova of fasciolids and heterophyids are distinguishable

A

FALSE

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76
Q

The egg/ova of fasciolids and heterophyids are reported as

A

fasciolid ova or heterophyid ova

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77
Q

responsible for human infection in West Africa

A

Dicrocoelium hospes

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78
Q

Dicrocoelium dendriticum AKA

A

Lanceolate / Lancet Fluke

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79
Q

final host of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

cattle / sheep
**also man serves as a final host

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80
Q

intermediate host of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

SNAIL

  • Cochlicopa
  • Helix
  • Xerolenta
  • Zebrina
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81
Q

2ND INTERMEDIATE HOST OF Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

ants (Formica fusca)
- black ants

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82
Q

HABITAT OF Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

biliary passage of the liver

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83
Q

infective stage of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

metacercaria

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84
Q

MOT of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

ingestion of 2nd intermediate host with metacercaria

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85
Q

pathology of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

cirrhosis / fibrosis of the liver

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86
Q

laboratory diagnosis of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

liver biopsy and PCR

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87
Q

morphology of adult Dicrocoelium dendriticum

  • _______ and ________ at both sides
  • _______-shaped
A
  • flattened and tapered at both sides
  • lancet-shaped
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88
Q

morphology of egg/ova Dicrocoelium dendriticum

  • thick-shelled, operculated, and _________________
A

thick-shelled, operculated, and deep golden brown

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89
Q

INTESTINAL FLUKES

A

Fasciolopsis buski
Echinostoma ilocanum
Heterophyes heterophyes
Metagonimus yokogawai

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90
Q

3rd specie under the fasciolids

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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91
Q

largest fluke parasitizing man

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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92
Q

larger than F. gigantica

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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93
Q

Fasciolopsis buski aka

A

Giant Intestinal Fluke

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94
Q

final host of Fasciolopsis buski

A

man

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95
Q

1st intermediate host of Fasciolopsis buski

A

SNAIL

  • segmentina
  • hippeutis
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96
Q

2nd intermediate host of Fasciolopsis buski

A

VEGETATION

  • Water caltrop (Trapa bicornis)
  • Water chestnut (Eliocharis tuberosa)
  • Kangkong / Morning Glory (Ipomea obscura)
  • Lotus (Nymphoea lotus)
  • Bamboo shoots (Zizania latifolia)
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97
Q

HABITAT of Fasciolopsis buski

A

small intestine

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98
Q

infective stage of Fasciolopsis buski

A

metacercaria

99
Q

pathology of Fasciolopsis buski

A
  • abdominal discomfort
  • diarrhea
  • edema
100
Q

laboratory diagnosis of Fasciolopsis buski

A
  • stool exam
  • concentration techniques
  • molecular techniques
101
Q

drug of choice of Fasciolopsis buski

A

Praziquantel

102
Q

Morphology of Adult (Fasciolopsis buski)

A
  • has simple intestinal ceca
  • two dendritic testes in tandem
  • branched ovaries
103
Q

Morphology of Egg (Fasciolopsis buski)

A

indistinguishable from other fasciolid eggs

104
Q

discovered by Philip Garrison among prisoners of Bilibid Prison in Manila, PH

A

Echinostoma ilocanum

105
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum aka

A

Garrison’s Fluke

106
Q

final host of Echinostoma ilocanum

A

man

107
Q

1st intermediate host Echinostoma ilocanum

A

SNAIL

  • Gyraulus convexiusculus
  • Hippeutis umbilicalis
108
Q

2ND INTERMEDIATE HOST OF Echinostoma ilocanum

A

SNAIL

  • Kuhol (Pila luzonica)
  • Susong pampang (Vivipara angularis)
109
Q

HABITAT OF Echinostoma ilocanum

A

SMALL INTESTINE

110
Q

infective stage of Echinostoma ilocanum

A

metacercaria

111
Q

pathology of Echinostoma ilocanum

A
  • abdominal discomfort
  • chronic mucous diarrhea
  • eosinophilia
112
Q

laboratory diagnosis of Echinostoma ilocanum

A

-stool exam
- concentration techniques
- molecular techniques

113
Q

drug of choice of Echinostoma ilocanum

A

Praziquantel

114
Q

morphology of adult (Echinostoma ilocanum)

circumoral disk w/ _____________ (_____________) surrounding oral sucker

A

circumoral disk w/ crown of spines (49-51 spines) surrounding oral sucker

115
Q

morphology of egg (Echinostoma ilocanum)

germ ball egg w/ ___________ operculum

A

germ ball egg w/ triangular operculum

116
Q

smallest trematode of man

A

Heterophyes heterophyes

117
Q

deadliest trematode;

as it can migrate to:

A

Heterophyes heterophyes

heart, brain, spinal cord

118
Q

causes Heterophyid myocarditis; 15% of total fatal heart disease in PH

A

Heterophyes heterophyes

119
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes aka

A

Von Siebold’s Fluke
Heterophyid Fluke

120
Q

final host of Heterophyes heterophyes

A

man

121
Q

1st intermediate host of Heterophyes heterophyes

A

SNAIL

  • Cerithidea
  • Pirenella
122
Q

2nd intermediate host of Heterophyes heterophyes

A

FISHES

  • Balanak (Mugil spp.)
  • Tilapia (Tilapia spp.)
  • Kanduli (Arius manilensis)
123
Q

habitat of Heterophyes heterophyes

A

SMALL INTESTINE

124
Q

infective stage of Heterophyes heterophyes

A

METACERCARIA

125
Q

pathology of Heterophyes heterophyes

A
  • abdominal pain
  • mucous diarrhea
  • ulceration of intestinal wall
126
Q

laboratory diagnosis of Heterophyes heterophyes

A
  • stool exam
  • concentration techniques
  • molecular techniques
127
Q

drug of choice of Heterophyes heterophyes

A

Praziquantel

128
Q

morphology of adult (Heterophyes heterophyes)

A

has genital sucker / gonocyte / gonotyl (3rd sucker) surrounding the genital pore

129
Q

morphology of egg (Heterophyes heterophyes)

A
  • old-fashioned light bulb
  • same as heterophyids except for the presence of small protuberance at abopercular end
130
Q

included in the heterophyids

A

Metagonimus yokogawai

131
Q

Metagonimus yokogawai aka

A

yokogawa’s fluke

132
Q

final host of Metagonimus yokogawai

A

man

133
Q

1st intermediate host of Metagonimus yokogawai

A

SNAIL

  • Semisulcospira spp.
134
Q

2nd intermediate host of Metagonimus yokogawai

A

FISHES

  • Salmonoid fishes
  • Cyprinoid fishes
135
Q

habitat of Metagonimus yokogawai

A

small intestine

136
Q

infective stage of Metagonimus yokogawai

A

metacercaria

137
Q

MOT of Metagonimus yokogawai

A

Ingestion of 2nd Intermediate Host with Metacercaria

138
Q

morphology of adult (Metagonimus yokogawai)

A

pyriform-shaped scaly spines, no gonotyl

139
Q

morphology of egg (Metagonimus yokogawai)

A
  • similar with Heterophyes spp.
  • diff. to others: has thin shell
140
Q

LUNG FLUKE

A

Paragonimus westermani

141
Q

common in Sorsogon

A

Paragonimus westermani

142
Q

Paragonimus westermani aka

A

Oriental Lung Fluke

143
Q

final host of Paragonimus westermani

A

man

144
Q

1st intermediate host of Paragonimus westermani

A

SNAIL

  • Antemelania asperata (formerly Brotia asperata)
  • Antemelania dactylus
145
Q

2nd intermediate host of Paragonimus westermani

A

CRABS

Sundathelphusa philippina (formerly Parathelpusa grapsoides)

146
Q

habitat of Paragonimus westermani

A

LUNGS

147
Q

infective stage of Paragonimus westermani

A

METACERCARIA

148
Q

MOT of Paragonimus westermani

A

ingestion of the 2nd intermediate host with Metacercaria

149
Q

pathology of Paragonimus westermani

A

Paragonimiasis

150
Q

causes pulmonary distomiasis

A

Paragonimiasis

151
Q

chronic cough and hemoptysis (coughing with blood

A

Paragonimiasis

152
Q

resembles tuberculosis

A

Paragonimiasis

153
Q

morphology of adult (Paragonimus westermani)

A
  • coffee-bean shaped
  • wavy or succulent intestinal ceca
154
Q

morphology of egg (Paragonimus westermani)

A
  • thickened abopercular end
  • flattened but prominent operculum
  • similar w/ Diphyllobothrium latum (a cestode)
155
Q

EGG IS similar w/ Diphyllobothrium latum

A

Paragonimus westermani

156
Q

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF Paragonimus westermani

A
  • sputum examination
    ~ ova + Charcot-Leyden crystals
    - may also look for adult
    - eosinophil degradation crystal
  • stool exam (DFS)
    sputum may be swallowed, transferring ova to stool
  • chest x-ray
  • serodiagnostics (ELISA, IB)
  • molecular tests (PCR)
157
Q

AKA pancreatic fluke

A

Eurytrema pancreaticum

158
Q

Final host of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

cattle/sheep

159
Q

1st intermediate host Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Snail

160
Q

2nd intermediate host Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Ants
Grasshoppers
Mantis
Crickets

161
Q

Habitat of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Pancreatic ducts

162
Q

Infective stage Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Metacercaria

163
Q

MOT of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Ingestion of 2nd IH with metacercaria

164
Q

Adult Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Ruffled margins

165
Q

Egg Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Operculated, embryonated

166
Q

Blood flukes aka

A

Schistosomes

167
Q

Separate sexes; adult male/adult female

A

dioecious

168
Q

Blood flukes shape

A

Elongated/cylindrical

169
Q

Intermediate host of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Snail

170
Q

Infective stage of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Miracidia - snail
Cercaria - final host

171
Q

MOT of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Skin penetration in adult

172
Q

Habitat of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Blood vessels

173
Q

Adult Eurytrema pancreaticum is called as

A

Perpetual copulation

174
Q

Adult Eurytrema pancreaticum is known as

A

Most romantic parasite

175
Q

Female adult of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Oviviparous

176
Q

Male adult of Eurytrema pancreaticum

A

Have gynecophoral canal/grooves

177
Q

This part holds the female

A

Gynecophoral canal

178
Q

T/F
Female Eurytrema pancreaticum are larger than male

A

False

179
Q

Common in mindoro, leyte,sorsogon, mindanao

A

Schistosoma japonicum

180
Q

Schistosoma japonicum aka

A

Oriental blood fluke

181
Q

Schistosoma japonicum is the ______ ova among blood flukes

A

Smallest

182
Q

Schistosoma japonicum is the ____ adult among blood flukes

A

Largest

183
Q

Intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum

A

Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi (snail)

183
Q

Final host of Schistosoma japonicum

A

Man

184
Q

Habitat of Schistosoma japonicum

A

Superior mesenteric vein

185
Q

Infective stage of Schistosoma japonicum

A

Cercaria (forked tail)

186
Q

MOT of Schistosoma japonicum

A

Skin penetration

187
Q

No tail/tailless Cercaria

A

schistosomules/schistosomula (when the Cercaria penetrates the skin of the host, they lose their tail)

188
Q

Disease related to Schistosoma japonicum

A

Katayama Disease (snail fever)
Oriental Schistosomiasis (swamp fever)

189
Q

First reported by Theofore Bilharz

A

Schistosoma mansoni

190
Q

Laboratory diagnosis for Schistosoma japonicum

A

stool exam
rectal biopsy specimen

191
Q

Adult morphology of Schistosoma japonicum

A

Smooth integument

192
Q

Morphology of egg Schistosoma japonicum

A

knob-like or curved hook of protuberance on one side (lateral knob)

193
Q

Common name for Schistosoma mansoni

A

Mansoni blood fluke

194
Q

Final host of Schistosoma mansoni

A

Man

195
Q

Intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni

A

Snail
Biomphalaria spp.
Australorbis spp.
Tropicorbis spp.
Planorbis spp.

196
Q

Habitat of Schistosoma mansoni

A

Inferior mesenteric vein of colon/rectum

197
Q

Infective stage of Schistosoma mansoni

A

Cercaria (forked tail)

198
Q

MOT of Schistosoma mansoni

A

Skin penetration

199
Q

Pathology of Schistosoma mansoni

A

Intestinal Bilharziasis

200
Q

Laboratory diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni

A

stool exam
rectal biopsy specimen

201
Q

Smallest blood fluke

A

Schistosoma mansoni

201
Q

Egg Morphology of Schistosoma mansoni

A

Light yellowish brown

202
Q

Appearance of egg Schistosoma mansoni

A

Rose-thorn

203
Q

Common in Nile River Valley

A

Schistosoma haematobium

204
Q

Common name of Schistosoma haematobium

A

Vesical blood fluke

204
Q

Final host of Schistosoma haematobium

A

Man

205
Q

Intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium

A

Snail
Bulinus spp.
Physopsis spp.
Biomphalaria spp.

205
Q

Habitat of Schistosoma haematobium

A

Vesical, prostatic, uterine venous plexuses of urinary bladder

206
Q

Infective stage of Schistosoma haematobium

A

Cercaria (forked tail)

206
Q

MOT of Schistosoma haematobium

A

Skin penetration

207
Q

Disease related to Schistosoma haematobium

A

Urinary Bilharziasis

208
Q

Laboratory diagnosis for Schistosoma haematobium

A

Concentrated urine spx

209
Q

Preferred specimen for Schistosoma haematobium

A

24-hr unpreserved urine

210
Q

Preservation of urine might result to

A

Destruction of ova

211
Q

Optimized recovery in urine

A

Between noon and 2 pm

212
Q

Morphology of adult Schistosoma haematobium

A

Fine tuberculation

213
Q

Egg morphology of Schistosoma haematobium

A

Large, prominent terminal spine

214
Q

Dermatitis with pruritus at site of cercarial penetratIon

A

Swimmer’s Itch / Gulf-Coast Itch / Cercarial Itch / Clam Digger’s Itch

215
Q

systemic hypersensitivity reaction to schistosomulum migrating thru tissue

A

Katayama Disease / Katayama Fever / Snail Fever

215
Q

Katayama Disease / Katayama Fever / Snail Fever is caused by

A

Schistosoma japonicum

216
Q

most serious consequence of chronic schistosomiasis

A

Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis

217
Q

infected patients have enlarged stomachs due to large amounts of peritoneal fluid

A

Ascites

218
Q

Characterized by hematuria

A

Urinary Bilharziasis / Egyptian Hematuria

219
Q

Urinary Bilharziasis / Egyptian Hematuria presents ___ in lower urinary tract

A

Sandy patches

220
Q

Urinary Bilharziasis / Egyptian Hematuria is caused by

A

Schistosoma haematobium

221
Q

Both are found in mesenteric vein

A

S. japonicum and S. mansoni

222
Q

Laboratory diagnosis for S. japonicum and S. mansoni

A

Stool Exam
Rectal Biopsy
Sedimentation Technique
faust-meleney’s egg hatching technique
Circumoval Precipitin Test (COPT)
Cercarial Hullen Reaction

223
Q

Miracidial egg hatching technique

A

faust-meleney’s egg hatching technique

224
Q

Water used in faust-meleney’s egg hatching technique

A

Non-chlorinated water

225
Q

Specimen used in faust-meleney’s egg hatching technique

A

freshly collected stool or urine (S. haematobium)

226
Q

Process of freshly collected stool or urine (S. haematobium)

A

dissolve sample in non-chlorinated water placed in erlenmeyer flask
cover and stand overnight against light
incubate and observe for miracidia swimming at upper layer of water

227
Q

Definitive test for schistosomiasis in PH

A

Circumoval Precipitin Test (COPT)

228
Q

Specimen used in Circumoval Precipitin Test (COPT)

A

Serum

229
Q

Reagent used in Circumoval Precipitin Test (COPT)

A

Lyophilized eggs from rabbit

230
Q

Circumoval Precipitin Test (COPT) demonstrates ______, microscopically

A

bleb formation

231
Q

Specimen used cercarial hullen reaction

A

Serum

232
Q

Reagent used in cercarial hullen reaction

A

lyophilized cercaria

232
Q

cercarial hullen reaction demonstrates

A

Shrinking of cercaria

233
Q

Discovered in mekong river

A

Schistosoma mekongi

234
Q

Adult Schistosoma mekongi reside in

A

Small intestine venules

235
Q

Egg of Schistosoma mekongi resembles what

A

Schistosoma japonicum (but smaller)

236
Q

Adult Schistosoma intercalatum reside in

A

colon/large intestine venules

237
Q

Egg of Schistosoma intercalatum resembles what

A

egg of S. haematobium (with equatorial/central bulge

PARASITOLOGY (1 decks)

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