Tree Selection

Question 1

What are some site priorities

Answer 1

cold heat tolerance, moisture needs, soil needs, and light

Question 1

Why is it important to pick the right tree?

Answer 1

ensure long term benefits, beauty, and satisfaction. A poorly planned tree species will require more frequent and costly maintenance. The goal of the tree planting is to maximize the inputs necessary for it to be sustainable.

Question 2

What is acclimation

Answer 2

It is the gradual process by which a given tree adapts to changes in its environment. This usually involves physiological or morphological changes

Question 3

What is adaptability

Answer 3

the genetic ability of a species to adjust to different environmental conditions

Question 4

What is site consideration

Answer 4

Evaluating your planting site before selecting a tree
(site characteristics)

Question 5

What is the microclimate effected by

Answer 5

buildings, topography, pavement, and other surroundings

Question 6

What can be plants be limited by

Answer 6

growing space, water availability and drainage, soil texture and pH, light levels, weather and site use or function

Question 7

Why is growing space important

Answer 7

when selecting the type of tree to plant in a particular site. The area must be large enough above and below ground to allow tree to reach its potential mature height, branch spread, trunk diameter, and root volume without interfering with surrounding objects

Question 8

Why are light levels important an important consideration

Answer 8

Excessive shade can be a problem for some trees because many trees are not adapted for low light conditions

excessive light may cause additional stress to trees overheating leaves in summer and possible sunburn on branches

Question 9

why are soil conditions important for sites

Answer 9

advisable to get a soil analysis to determine the texture, pH, soluble salts, and nutrient levels of the soil

soil quality is its water-holding capacity and drainage

alert to soil contaminants such as herbicides in the planting site could be toxic.

Question 9

what is design criteria for trees

Answer 9

functions include engineering, architectural, and personal safety considerations such as controlling pedestrian traffic or hiding unsightly buildings features

Question 9

Problem with urban sites

Answer 9

underground space is limiting, and the original soil has been greatly disturbed. Soil compaction may be extreme, the pH may be inappropriate , and moisture levels are likely to be suboptimal

Question 10

what are some specific tree characteristics that make trees more desirable

Answer 10

exfoliating bark, features that attract, birds, or an interesting branching habit. Some trees are admired for their flowers or leaf color change in the autumn

Question 10

Why should arborists consider future maintenance for tree sites

Answer 10

Some plants require more water than others, and supplemental irrigation or drainage may be necessary in some landscape situation. Ensuring adequate water is especially important in the first and second growing seasons following planting

install trees that will not need irrigation after the first two seasons

Some trees may need to be pruned regularly for health or size maintenance

Question 10

What are the problems with fast growing trees

Answer 10

weak, brittle wood and develop multiple branches with included bark that may break easily in storms, They usually do not live as long as trees with more moderate growth rate

Question 11

Why is it favorable to consider particular growth forms when selecting a tree

Answer 11

offer a solution to a growing-space problem
Cultivars of some tree species are available with different growth forms such as upright, pyramidal, or weeping. Trees with different growth forms also provide a variety of architectural effects in the landscape.

Question 11

What is hardiness

Answer 11

Is a plant’s ability to survive winter growing conditions and often refers specifically to low temperatures

plants that are considered hardy in a given zone may still decline or die because of low temperatures if their roots are above ground in containers or if the microclimate around the plant is unusually cold. ( Furete)

Question 12

Why are roots systems important in site considerations

Answer 12

rooting space available can restrict the choices of trees that can be planted. Some trees have a strong tendency to form surface roots that can damage pavement and cause problems for lawn mowers

Question 13

What tree is stressed by high temperatures or dry conditions

Answer 13

moneterrey pine, torrey pine

Question 13

what type of tree almost was wiped out but then a new cultivar was created and saved it

Answer 13

meyer lemon (pest/insect resistance)

Question 13

what are similar to hardiness zones that help with selection

Answer 13

heat zone maps

Question 14

what is a native species

Answer 14

a tree that grows well in its natural environment and range

Question 15

what is an introduced/invasive species

Answer 15

a species that is considered non native to the ecosystem and whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm

Question 16

what are naturalized species

Answer 16

a tree that has been reproducing and thriving in their new setting for decades or even centuries

Question 17

what type of plants should arborist look to find for our mediterranean climates

Answer 17

bulletproof

Question 18

why is climate change important to consider

Answer 18

consider plants to change with future climates

Question 19

what type of tree should you look for in a nursery

Answer 19

Healthy tree NOT the biggest/tallest tree Look for trees that have vigorous growth with vigorous shoot growth, vigorous trees will grow better and establish quickly. Watch out for signs of pests, diseases, broken twigs, broken branches, bad or cracked graft union. Check for good structure, good branch spacing, trunk taper, a dominant leader, no included bark. Check out tree for mechanical damage injuries, sturdy trunk base.

Question 20

Why should you examine the root ball at a nursery before buying

Answer 20

Look for the root/trunk flare to see if it is exposed and try to find flare before buying it. Make sure the tree has not grown out of container or box

Question 21

what can improper planting resulting in for trees

Answer 21

lead to increased stress and long term physiological disorders

Question 22

what are different types of forms of trees to plant

Answer 22

Bare root Containers Box Transplanting

Question 23

Whats are bare root trees

Answer 23

small young trees that come in sawdust bags you find at home depot in spring. They cost a little less than container trees. They come with roots but most of the finer roots are dried out when harvested

Question 24

what are important things to consider when planting bare root trees

Answer 24

roots need to be kept moist planting during the dormant season conifers/deciduous trees come in bare root should be planted with the root plate/ trunk flare above grade may have to stake it after tree starts to leaf out because of weight

Question 25

what are container trees

Answer 25

Many trees are sold in nursery containers. They are grown with good soil to get them started. If properly watered and maintained, trees can be planted any time of year as long as it's not freezing. If planted after leaf drop ( fall ), roots can begin to establish before the next growing season.

Question 26

Things to look for with container trees

Answer 26

check the root system and look for circling roots or matted roots along the wall of the container. Don’t buy trees with woody, circling trees Look out for container trees that have grown into the soil from out of drainage holes.

Question 27

What are boxed trees

Answer 27

trees that are eventually grown in wooden boxes They come in 24 inch, 36 inches, 48 inches, 60 inches, 72 inches, and sizes that are bigger

Question 28

things to look for in boxed trees

Answer 28

Trees in boxes should be check for circling roots and roots growing out of the bottom of the box.

Question 29

what is dig alert

Answer 29

service that you can call prior to planting a tree to come by and check your front yard for underground utilities

Question 30

where is the root flare born and what is the diff how nursery and nature plants trees

Answer 30

In the germination process, a seed starts to grow out and establish its root flare on the surface of the soil

Question 31

What should be taken into consideration for roots growth when for planting techniques

Answer 31

lower portions of the ball is often reduced due to poor soil aeration on poor drainage, especially in heavy or shallow soils

Question 32

how big should we make the hole when planting a tree

Answer 32

A saucer shaped planting hole two to three times the width of the root ball at the soil surface, sloping down to about the width of the root ball at the base, is ideal for oxygen levels in clay soils. Wider holes are just better for root growth. ( 24 in. box roots )

Question 33

What is a common planting mistake

Answer 33

planting too deeply. The planting hole should never be deeper than the distance from the trunk flare to the bottom of the root ball Planting too deeply can occur unintentionally because containerized and boxed trees can arrive from the nursery with too much soil covering the structural roots. Remove soil if it is covering root flare before planting. (Avo pic flare)

Question 34

Why you shouldnt dig hole deep

Answer 34

hole will have to be backfilled and soil will settle over time and tree’s root ball will sink, drown, and suffocate the tree. This can cause soil borne insects or pathogens to enter the trunk that leads to future rots. Imagine a telephone pole in the ground.

Question 35

how do you plant a tree in clay soil

Answer 35

plant trees slightly higher, with 2-3 inches above grade. Soil can be added gradually to taper out from the top of the rootball’s original grade but should not be placed over root ball. Exposed root ball and surrounding area can be covered with 2-4 inches of mulch.

Question 36

what does research say about backfill when planting

Answer 36

modifying the backfill of soil with amendments does not assist in tree establishment and growth unless the soil at the site significantly restricts root growth.

Question 37

what should you do if the planting sites original soil is not conductive for root growth,

Answer 37

make the soil texture around the root ball as uniform as practical.

Question 38

What do you to combine backfill when planting

Answer 38

lightly fill with water

Question 39

what is important to do when tree is planted regarding watering

Answer 39

regular irrigation schedule watering berm gator bags if not monitored enough

Question 40

what is transplanting

Answer 40

Transplanting a tree involves the additional procedures of digging and preparation for moving

Question 41

some negative things to consider when transplanting

Answer 41

remove as much as 90 percent of its root system unpractical to do unless the species has a high survival rate It might be cheaper to remove a tree and replant for a much higher rate of success palms high success rates

Question 42

what is best time to transplant

Answer 42

in temperate climates, is early spring or fall while the tree goes dormant. evergreen trees are easier to transplant while dormant.

Question 43

what is an tactic that can be used in advance before transplanting

Answer 43

root pruning

Question 44

What is root pruning

Answer 44

process of pre-digging around a root ball to increase the density of root development within the final ball. The digging process serves existing roots and stimulates root regeneration

Question 45

if time is not an option for root pruning

Answer 45

slowly dig out the root ball by slowly cutting roots in increments over time, allowing roots to start the process of regenerating and have the tree recover a little before being root pruned again.

Question 46

what should you do to the branches before moving the tree

Answer 46

tie together the branches and avoid damage of bark

Question 47

important thing to consider when digging for a transplant

Answer 47

Larger trees need deeper root balls to encompass more roots to ensure adequate regrowth, as well as anchorage and stability .Depth can be less for smaller trees or for trees that are not deeply rooted.h

Question 48

how is the width of the root ball determined

Answer 48

by tree caliper, the depth of the root ball may vary with species, soil texture and other conditions, irrigation practices, and the age and size of the tree

Question 49

things to consider when cutting for a transplant

Answer 49

first cuts around the perimeter of the root ball with a sharp spade or shovel dig the initial ball several inches larger than the final ball size Perform the shaping and final cuts by hand

Question 50

what do you wrap root ball in for transplanting

Answer 50

wrap burlap or plastic wrap so soil does not fall off and expose roots

Question 51

early care to consider when the tree is planted

Answer 51

Proper planting alone does not guarantee that newly planted tree will survive through its first growing season and until it is established Pruning should not be done to canopy to compensate for root loss.

Question 52

what is transplanted shock

Answer 52

tree experiences post planting water stress after transplanting

Question 53

what does success of transplanting depend on and what is the genral rule of thumb

Answer 53

The rate of recovery depends on species, planting season, soil, site conditions, moisture availability, climate, and tree size and vigor reestablishment is about one year for every inch of tree diameter Smaller -diameter transplants with smaller root balls tent to recover faster.

Question 54

what about proper watering is key for a transplanted tree

Answer 54

Water requirements will vary with species, plant size, climate and soil type. Trees should be watered based on need , not by calendar or clock. To assess need, check with a moisture meter. Water in slowly to deep water entire root ball Too much moisture will displace oxygen and can be detrimental.

Question 55

what is not recommended to do with transplanting trees

Answer 55

fertilizing them. but if you have to slow release

Question 56

what type of mulch can be used for transplanting trees

Answer 56

inorganic and organic

Question 57

when should stake a tree

Answer 57

if the tree can not stand on its own because of a heavy canopy

Question 58

negatives of staking

Answer 58

produce less trunk taper, develop smaller root systems more subject to breaking or tipping over after stakes are removed. Stakes can injure or girdle by guying materials

Question 59

what type of pruning should follow planting

Answer 59

limited to corrective pruning trees will grow more rapidly if pruning is limited to only broken or damaged branches.

Question 60

Site considerations for climates

Answer 60

Hardiness zone Heat/cold Rainfall/ snow/ frost Sunlight/ other lighting Prevailing Winds Exposure

Question 61

Site considerations for Soil

Answer 61

pH Drainage Soil Texture Bulk Density Cation exchange capacity (CEC) Nutrient analysis Soil Volume

Question 62

Site consideration for planting site location

Answer 62

Buildings and other structures Paved surfaces, hardscapes Clearances needs below branches Plans for future development Overhead and underground utilities Intended use for site Intended function of tree/plant

Question 63

site consideration for maintenance

Answer 63

Irrigation Post-planting care Ongoing maintenance