Tree Of Life

Question 1

Evolutionary history

Answer 1

Decent with modification from shared common ancestors

Question 2

Phylogeny

Answer 2

The evolutionary history of a species or group of related species

Question 3

Systematics

Answer 3

Classifies organisms and determines their evolutionary relationships

Question 4

Phylogenetic tree

Answer 4

Represents a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships

Question 5

Sister taxa

Answer 5

Groups that share an immediate common ancestor

Question 6

What do phylogenetic trees do and do not do?

Answer 6

They show patterns of descent

They don’t indicate when species evolved

Question 7

Homology

Answer 7

Similarity due to shared ancestry

Question 8

Analogy

Answer 8

Similarity due to convergent evolution

Question 9

Convergent evolution

Answer 9

Occurs when similar environmental pressure and natural selection produce similar (analogous) adaptations in organisms from different evolutionary lineages

Question 10

Cladistics

Answer 10

Method in systematics that groups organisms by common descent

Question 11

Clade

Answer 11

Group of species that includes an ancestral species and all its descendants

Question 12

Shared ancestral character

Answer 12

Character that originated in an ancestor of the taxon

Question 13

Shared derived character

Answer 13

An evolutionary novelty unique to a particular clade

Question 14

Outgroup

Answer 14

A species or group of species that is closely related to the ingroup

Question 15

Ingroup

Answer 15

The various species being studied

Question 16

What is Carolus Linnaeus known for?

Answer 16

2 part names for species and hierarchical classification

Question 17

Dear King Philip Come Over for Good Soup

Answer 17

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 18

The 5 recognized kingdoms

Answer 18

Monera (prokaryotes), Protista, plantar, fungi, and Animalia

Question 19

Adopted 3 domain system

Answer 19

Bacteria, archaea, eukarya

Question 20

Horizontal gene transfer

Answer 20

The movements of genes from one genome to another

-complicates efforts to build a tree of life

Question 21

What do systematists gather to infer phylogenies?

Answer 21

Morphological, genes, and biochemistry of living and fossil organisms

Question 22

What are the two important levels of diversity?

Answer 22

Inter specific variation-among millions of species

Intra specific variation-among individuals within species