Tree Families, divisions

Question 1

Division - Gingophyta

Answer 1

• Deciduous with seeds not enclosed in an ovary
  –similar to conifers.
  
  • Motile sperm.
  • Monotype

Question 2

Division - Gnetophyta

Answer 2

• Cone-bearing with evergreen leaves
  – closely related to conifers.
  
  • Unlike conifers, these plants have vessel
    elements, similar to flowering plants

Question 3

Division Coniferophyta

Answer 3

• Includes conifers or cone-bearing trees and shrubs (no flowers).
• Seeds are not enclosed inside an ovary
  (known as Gymnosperms = naked seeds)
• Leaves are usually needle-like or linear, or
  awl-like or scale like.

Question 4

Division - Magnoliophyta

Answer 4

• Includes angiosperms (flowering plants).
• Seeds are enclosed inside an ovary (fruit).

Question 5

Ginkgoaceae - Maidenhairs

Answer 5

-Deciduous tree
-Gymnosperm
-Fan shaped leaves, dichotomous veins,
-Seeds plum like
-Pollen cones (catkins)
-Only one species
-Maidenhair-tree (Ginkgo biloba

Question 6

Platanaceae - Sycamores

Answer 6

-Ball shaped flowers
-Male and female flowers on the same tree
-Mature trees 100-170 feet
-American sycamore
Camouflage looking bark

Question 7

Magnoliaceae - Magnolias

Answer 7

-Stamen and pistils arranged in cone like spirals
-Large terminal bud
-Leaves alternate, simple
- Tulip tree

Question 8

Hamamelidaceae - Witch Hazels

Answer 8

-Leaves are simple, alternate, irregular margins
-Bright yellow flowers with 4 long petals
-Mature trees grow to 8m

Question 9

Ulmaceae - Elms

Answer 9

-Leaves simple and alternate
-Ovary positioned superior, 2 carpels
-Forms a winged seed
-White elm, rock elm

Question 10

Juglandaceae - Walnuts

Answer 10

-Deciduous
-Large pinnately compound leaves (20-100 cm)
-Wind pollinated, catkins, husks
-White walnut, Black walnut, hickory

Question 11

Fagaceae- Beeches and Oaks

Answer 11

-Long slender buds
-Alternate, simple leaves
-Bristle husks hold two triangular nuts
-Mature trees up to 25m high
-American beech (Fagus grandiflora)
-Red and White oaks (Quercus spp.)

Question 12

Salicaceae - Willows

Answer 12

-Simple alternate leaves with pointed tips
-Flowers are catkins
- Poplar, aspen, cottonwood, willows

Question 13

Betulaceae - Birch

Answer 13

-Nut bearing trees and shrubs
-Leaves are simple, alternate and serrate
-Catkins
-Birch, alder, hazelnut

Question 14

Tiliaceae - Lindens

Answer 14

-Leaves are simple, alternate
-Trees are medium to large when mature
-Nut like capsule that contains one seed.
-The nut can remain dormant for a long time.
-Basswood (Tilia americana)

Question 15

Ericaceae - Heaths

Answer 15

-Leaves are simple, alternate, smooth margins
-New bark is green and photosynthetic, old bark
is reddish and peels off.
-Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesi)

Question 16

Rosaceae - Roses

Answer 16

-May be shrub to tree
-Inferior ovary, 5 petals, 5 sepals
-Fruit is berry like, pome, or drupe
-cherries, apples, plums

Question 17

Fabaceae - Peas

Answer 17

-Pinnately compound and alternate
-5 sepals, 5 petals, 10 stamen
-Fruit is a pod
-Black locust
-Honey locust

Question 18

Elaeagnaceae - Oleasters

Answer 18

-Large shrub or small trees
-Leaves are simple, smooth margined, alternate
opposite
-Young twigs and leaves have a silvery or rusty
scales
-Russian olive (Eleagnus angustifolia)

Question 19

Cornaceae - Dogwoods

Answer 19

-Small trees and shrubs
-Compact terminal clusters
-Leaf venation is arcuate
-Leaves are simple with smooth margins

Question 20

Rhamnaceae - Buckthorns

Answer 20

-Leaves are alternate and opposite, oval in
shape with a blunt tip.
-Berry for fruit
Cascara Buckthorn (Rhamnus purshiana)

Question 21

Hippocastanaceae - Horsechestnuts

Answer 21

-Palmate compound leaves
-Large nut Prickly
-Common horsechestnut
-(Aesculus hippocastanum)

Question 22

Aceraceae - Maples

Answer 22

-Leaves are opposite, simple, palmate venation
-Schizocarp
-Sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
-Manitoba maple (Acer negundo)

Question 23

Oleaceae - Olives

Answer 23

-Leaves are simple, pinnately compound, opposite
-Lilac (Syringa vulgaris)
-White Ash (Fraxinus americana)
-Red Ash (Fraxinus pensylvanica)

Question 24

Bignoniaceae - Trumpet Creepers

Answer 24

-Leaves are large, opposite or whorled, entire
margins, heart shaped
-Leaf scar is prominent
-Northern Catalpa (Catalpa speciosa)