Treaty of Versailles Flashcards
When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
28th June 1919
What were Woodrow Wilson’s aims for the Treaty of Versailles?
World Peace
Strengthen German democracy to prevent another war forced by the people
Set up League of Nations
What was Woodrow Wilson’s attitude towards Germany?
Germany should be punished but not too harshly
Germany would recover and want revenge if too harsh
What were Lloyd George’s aims for the Treaty of Versailles?
Did not want Germany to seek revenge
Wanted Germany to trade with Germany
What were Georges Clemenceau’s aims for the Treaty of Versailles?
Punish Germany for their crimes
Make treaty in favour of France
What was Lloyd George’s attitude towards Germany?
Germany should be punished but not too harshly
Wanted Germany’s colonies for the British Empire
What was Georges Clemenceau’s attitude towards Germany?
Did not like Germany due to their crimes against France
What was the German reaction to war guilt and reparations due to the Treaty Of Versailles?
German people had little food due to huge reparation payments
German economy in ruins
‘War guilt’ was hated by German people as it affected their pride
What was the German reaction to disarmament due to the Treaty Of Versailles?
Germany’s army was a symbol of their pride
None of the Allies disarmed as much as Germany had to
What was the German reaction to a lot of their territories being lost due to the Treaty Of Versailles?
Impacted pride and economy
Saar and Upper Silesia were important industrial areas for Germany
German Empire decrease, France + British Empires increase
What was the German reaction to the 14 points and the League of Nations?
Germans felt that their treatment was not in keeping with the 14 points
Germans were offended by not being asked to join the League
German colonies could not be ruled by Germany = anger
How much did Germany have to pay in reparations after the war?
£6600 million
What happened to Germany as an impact of the Treaty Of Versailles 1920-1923?
General Strike in Berlin 1920
French and Belgium take over of the Ruhr 1923
Inflation 1923
How could the Treaty of Versailles be justified?
More generous treaty would have angered French and British
Helped repay damage by Germany WW1
Helped make Rhineland a demilitarised zone
Helped to increase the British Empire and so increase their economy
Treaty could have been worse
How could the Treaty of Versailles not be justified?
It was too harsh
It put Germany into an awful financial situation
It encouraged another war
What was the Treaty of St Germain in 1919?
Austria: Treaty of Saint Germain (10 Sept 1919)
30,000 volunteers for army , no navy
Lost Galicia to Poland and land to Italy
Forbidden to ever unite with Germany again
Suffered economic problems after the war as much was its industry had gone to Czechoslovakia
Afterwards: Austria went bankrupt before the amount of reparations could be set.
What was the Treaty of Neuilly in 1919?
Bulgaria: Treaty of Neuilly (27 Nov 1919)
20,000 volunteers army , four torpedo boats, no air force
Lost access to Mediterranean
£100 million in reparations
Land to Yugoslavia, Romania and Greece
Afterwards: Bulgaria paid its reparations.
What was the Treaty of Trainon in 1920?
Hungary: Treaty of Trianon (4 June 1920)
35,000 volunteers army, three patrol boats
Number of territories went to other powers
3 million Hungarians ended up in other states
Needed to pay reparations but very weak economy
Industry suffered from loss of population and raw materials
What was the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920?
Turkey: Treaty of Sèvres (10 Aug 1920)
50,000 soldiers, seven sailboats and six torpedo boats
Turkey lost their control of the Black sea
Turks had to formally accept that their colonies were under British and French rule
Afterwards: Turkish nationalists, led by Kemel Attaturk, rebelled and rejected the treaty.
