Treaty of Versailles

Question 1

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?

Answer 1

28th June 1919

Question 2

What were Woodrow Wilson’s aims for the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 2

World Peace
Strengthen German democracy to prevent another war forced by the people
Set up League of Nations

Question 3

What was Woodrow Wilson’s attitude towards Germany?

Answer 3

Germany should be punished but not too harshly

Germany would recover and want revenge if too harsh

Question 4

What were Lloyd George’s aims for the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 4

Did not want Germany to seek revenge

Wanted Germany to trade with Germany

Question 5

What were Georges Clemenceau’s aims for the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 5

Punish Germany for their crimes

Make treaty in favour of France

Question 6

What was Lloyd George’s attitude towards Germany?

Answer 6

Germany should be punished but not too harshly

Wanted Germany’s colonies for the British Empire

Question 7

What was Georges Clemenceau’s attitude towards Germany?

Answer 7

Did not like Germany due to their crimes against France

Question 8

What was the German reaction to war guilt and reparations due to the Treaty Of Versailles?

Answer 8

German people had little food due to huge reparation payments
German economy in ruins
‘War guilt’ was hated by German people as it affected their pride

Question 9

What was the German reaction to disarmament due to the Treaty Of Versailles?

Answer 9

Germany’s army was a symbol of their pride

None of the Allies disarmed as much as Germany had to

Question 10

What was the German reaction to a lot of their territories being lost due to the Treaty Of Versailles?

Answer 10

Impacted pride and economy
Saar and Upper Silesia were important industrial areas for Germany
German Empire decrease, France + British Empires increase

Question 11

What was the German reaction to the 14 points and the League of Nations?

Answer 11

Germans felt that their treatment was not in keeping with the 14 points
Germans were offended by not being asked to join the League
German colonies could not be ruled by Germany = anger

Question 12

How much did Germany have to pay in reparations after the war?

Answer 12

£6600 million

Question 13

What happened to Germany as an impact of the Treaty Of Versailles 1920-1923?

Answer 13

General Strike in Berlin 1920
French and Belgium take over of the Ruhr 1923
Inflation 1923

Question 14

How could the Treaty of Versailles be justified?

Answer 14

More generous treaty would have angered French and British
Helped repay damage by Germany WW1
Helped make Rhineland a demilitarised zone
Helped to increase the British Empire and so increase their economy
Treaty could have been worse

Question 15

How could the Treaty of Versailles not be justified?

Answer 15

It was too harsh
It put Germany into an awful financial situation
It encouraged another war

Question 16

What was the Treaty of St Germain in 1919?

Answer 16

Austria: Treaty of Saint Germain (10 Sept 1919)
30,000 volunteers for army , no navy
Lost Galicia to Poland and land to Italy
Forbidden to ever unite with Germany again
Suffered economic problems after the war as much was its industry had gone to Czechoslovakia
Afterwards: Austria went bankrupt before the amount of reparations could be set.

Question 17

What was the Treaty of Neuilly in 1919?

Answer 17

Bulgaria: Treaty of Neuilly (27 Nov 1919)
20,000 volunteers army , four torpedo boats, no air force
Lost access to Mediterranean
£100 million in reparations
Land to Yugoslavia, Romania and Greece
Afterwards: Bulgaria paid its reparations.

Question 18

What was the Treaty of Trainon in 1920?

Answer 18

Hungary: Treaty of Trianon (4 June 1920)
35,000 volunteers army, three patrol boats
Number of territories went to other powers
3 million Hungarians ended up in other states
Needed to pay reparations but very weak economy
Industry suffered from loss of population and raw materials

Question 19

What was the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920?

Answer 19

Turkey: Treaty of Sèvres (10 Aug 1920)
50,000 soldiers, seven sailboats and six torpedo boats
Turkey lost their control of the Black sea
Turks had to formally accept that their colonies were under British and French rule
Afterwards: Turkish nationalists, led by Kemel Attaturk, rebelled and rejected the treaty.