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History > Treaty of Versailles > Flashcards

Treaty of Versailles Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the ceasefire of November 1918 called?

A

Armistice

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2
Q

When did he Versailles Conference begin?

A

January 1919

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3
Q

How many countries attended the Conference?

A

32

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4
Q

What did Sir Eric Geddes want?

A

“everything you can squeeze out of a lemon, and a bit more”

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5
Q

Who were the three most important men at the Conference?

A

Georges Clemenceau, Woodrow Wilson and David Lloyd George

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6
Q

What was their nickname?

A

The Big Three

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7
Q

Who was the prime minister of France?

A

Georges Clemenceau

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8
Q

List 4 things Clemenceau wanted from the peace

A
  • revenge
  • punish
  • make Germany pay reparations
  • weaken
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9
Q

Who was the President of America?

A

Woodrow Wilson

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10
Q

Give 7 things Wilson wanted from the peace

A
  • make the world safe
  • end war
  • fair peace
  • 14 Points
  • disarmament
  • League of Nations
  • self-determination
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11
Q

What were Wilson’s ideas for a better world called?

A

14 Points

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12
Q

What were the 3 main ideas of the Fourteen Points?

A
  1. disarmament
  2. League of Nations
  3. self-determination
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13
Q

What was the name for the assembly, where Wilson wanted countries to talk about their problems, instead of going to war?

A

League of Nations

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14
Q

Who was the prime minister of Britain?

A

David Lloyd George

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15
Q

Give 5 things Lloyd George wanted from the peace

A
  • ‘make Germany pay’ but not too much
  • justice
  • not revenge
  • not too harsh
  • halfway point
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16
Q

What were the four terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

A

Blame

Reparations

Armed forces

Germany lost territory

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17
Q

Which Clause blamed Germany for the war?

A

Clause 231

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18
Q

What were reparations?

A

Money Germany had to pay for the damage done during the war

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19
Q

How much were reparations eventualy set at?

A

£6,600 million

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20
Q

Explain the 5 things the Treaty said about Germany’s armed forces

A
  • forbidden to have submarines
  • forbidden to have an air force
  • could have a navy of only six battleships
  • could have an army of just 100,000 men
  • not allowed to place any troops in the Rhineland, the strip of land, 50 miles wide, next to France
21
Q

List 5 areas of land in Europe that Germany lost

A
  • Alsace-Lorraine
  • Schleswig
  • Polish Corridor
  • Saar
  • Danzig
22
Q

What is the word that means that troops were not allowed in the Rhineland?

A

Demilitarisation

23
Q

What happened to Germany’s colonies?

A

Given as League of Nations ‘mandates’ to Britain and France

24
Q

What did the Treaty say about Austria?

A

Anschluss with Germany was forbidden

25
Q

Why did Germans refuse to agree to Clause 231?

A

They did not believe it was true - they said Russia had started the war

26
Q

What made the Germans pay reparations in January 1921?

A

Britain, France and Belgium invaded

27
Q

Why were the Germans angry about their tiny army?

A

They could not defend themselves

28
Q

What did the German sailors do to the fleet?

A

Scuttled (sank) it

29
Q

How much of its land did Germany lose?

A

12%

30
Q

Explain why Germans thought the Treaty was unfair

A

They had not been asked to Versailles, and few of the 14 Points got into the Treaty

31
Q

What did the Germans feel when they heard about the Treaty?

A

‘pain and anger’ - a German newspaper called it ‘the disgraceful Treaty’

32
Q

Who did the Treaty help to rise power?

A

Hitler

33
Q

What did a German newspaper promise?

A

We will never stop until we win back what we deserve

34
Q

List 4 things Clemenceau liked about the peace

A
  • Reparations (would repair the damage to France)
  • The tiny German army
  • The demilitarised zone in the Rhineland (would protect France)
  • France got Alsace-Lorraine, and German colonies
35
Q

Why did he dislike it?

A
  • Wanted the Treaty to be harsher
  • Wanted Germany to be split up into smaller countries
36
Q

What two things did Wilson get that he wanted?

A
  • League of Nations
  • Self-determination
37
Q

Why did he hate the Treaty?

A

Some of his 14 Points did not get into the Treaty

38
Q

What two things happened when Wilson went home?

A
  1. Senate refused to join the League of Nations
  2. Refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles
39
Q

What two things did Lloyd George like about the Treaty?

A
  1. Britain got some German colonies (expanded the British Empire)
  2. Small German navy (helped Britain to continue to ‘rule the waves’)
40
Q

What did Lloyd George hate about the Treaty?

A

Thought it was too harsh and would start nothing war in 25 years time

41
Q

List four other treaties of 1919-20

A
  • Saint Germain (Austria)
  • Neuilly (Bulgaria)
  • Trianon (Hungary)
  • Sèvres (Turkey)
42
Q

List four reasons the Treaty of Versailles was more important than these treaties

A
  • with Germany
  • decided by Big Three
  • set up the League of Nations
  • set down the principles of how the defeated countries would be treated
43
Q

What were the four main principles of the Treaty of Versailles?

A
  1. reparations
  2. disarmament
  3. loss of land
  4. self-determination
44
Q

What does ‘self-determination’ mean?

A

The right to rule yourself

45
Q

List 5 new nation-states created by the treaties of 1919-20

A
  • Czechs and Slovaks in Czechoslovakia
  • Hungarians in Hungary
  • Austrians in Austria
  • Poles in Poland
  • Slavs in Yugoslavia
46
Q

Which empire did it split up to make these new nation-states?

A

Austro-Hungaria

47
Q

Which races ruled in Czechoslovakia?

A

Czechs and Slovaks

48
Q

Which people ruled in Yugoslavia?

A

Serbs

49
Q

List four problems with self-determination

A
  1. it caused small wars in Poland, Teschen and Fiume
  2. not allowed for Germany
  3. created many small, weak countries, which Hitler easily conquered later
  4. new nation-states had racial minorities living there

History (6 decks)

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