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History > Treaty of Versailles > Flashcards

Treaty of Versailles Flashcards

1
Q

What was the ceasefire of November 1918 called?

A

Armistice

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2
Q

When did he Versailles Conference begin?

A

January 1919

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3
Q

How many countries attended the Conference?

A

32

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4
Q

What did Sir Eric Geddes want?

A

“everything you can squeeze out of a lemon, and a bit more”

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5
Q

Who were the three most important men at the Conference?

A

Georges Clemenceau, Woodrow Wilson and David Lloyd George

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6
Q

What was their nickname?

A

The Big Three

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7
Q

Who was the prime minister of France?

A

Georges Clemenceau

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8
Q

List 4 things Clemenceau wanted from the peace

A
  • revenge
  • punish
  • make Germany pay reparations
  • weaken
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9
Q

Who was the President of America?

A

Woodrow Wilson

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10
Q

Give 7 things Wilson wanted from the peace

A
  • make the world safe
  • end war
  • fair peace
  • 14 Points
  • disarmament
  • League of Nations
  • self-determination
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11
Q

What were Wilson’s ideas for a better world called?

A

14 Points

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12
Q

What were the 3 main ideas of the Fourteen Points?

A
  1. disarmament
  2. League of Nations
  3. self-determination
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13
Q

What was the name for the assembly, where Wilson wanted countries to talk about their problems, instead of going to war?

A

League of Nations

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14
Q

Who was the prime minister of Britain?

A

David Lloyd George

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15
Q

Give 5 things Lloyd George wanted from the peace

A
  • ‘make Germany pay’ but not too much
  • justice
  • not revenge
  • not too harsh
  • halfway point
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16
Q

What were the four terms of the Treaty of Versailles?

A

Blame

Reparations

Armed forces

Germany lost territory

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17
Q

Which Clause blamed Germany for the war?

A

Clause 231

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18
Q

What were reparations?

A

Money Germany had to pay for the damage done during the war

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19
Q

How much were reparations eventualy set at?

A

£6,600 million

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20
Q

Explain the 5 things the Treaty said about Germany’s armed forces

A
  • forbidden to have submarines
  • forbidden to have an air force
  • could have a navy of only six battleships
  • could have an army of just 100,000 men
  • not allowed to place any troops in the Rhineland, the strip of land, 50 miles wide, next to France
21
Q

List 5 areas of land in Europe that Germany lost

A
  • Alsace-Lorraine
  • Schleswig
  • Polish Corridor
  • Saar
  • Danzig
22
Q

What is the word that means that troops were not allowed in the Rhineland?

A

Demilitarisation

23
Q

What happened to Germany’s colonies?

A

Given as League of Nations ‘mandates’ to Britain and France

24
Q

What did the Treaty say about Austria?

A

Anschluss with Germany was forbidden

25
Why did Germans refuse to agree to Clause 231?
They did not believe it was true - they said Russia had started the war
26
What made the Germans pay reparations in January 1921?
Britain, France and Belgium invaded
27
Why were the Germans angry about their tiny army?
They could not defend themselves
28
What did the German sailors do to the fleet?
Scuttled (sank) it
29
How much of its land did Germany lose?
12%
30
Explain why Germans thought the Treaty was unfair
They had not been asked to Versailles, and few of the 14 Points got into the Treaty
31
What did the Germans feel when they heard about the Treaty?
'pain and anger' - a German newspaper called it 'the disgraceful Treaty'
32
Who did the Treaty help to rise power?
Hitler
33
What did a German newspaper promise?
We will never stop until we win back what we deserve
34
List 4 things Clemenceau liked about the peace
* Reparations (would repair the damage to France) * The tiny German army * The demilitarised zone in the Rhineland (would protect France) * France got Alsace-Lorraine, and German colonies
35
Why did he dislike it?
* Wanted the Treaty to be harsher * Wanted Germany to be split up into smaller countries
36
What two things did Wilson get that he wanted?
* League of Nations * Self-determination
37
Why did he hate the Treaty?
Some of his 14 Points did not get into the Treaty
38
What two things happened when Wilson went home?
1. Senate refused to join the League of Nations 2. Refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles
39
What two things did Lloyd George like about the Treaty?
1. Britain got some German colonies (expanded the British Empire) 2. Small German navy (helped Britain to continue to 'rule the waves')
40
What did Lloyd George hate about the Treaty?
Thought it was too harsh and would start nothing war in 25 years time
41
List four other treaties of 1919-20
* **S**aint Germain (Austria) * **N**euilly (Bulgaria) * **T**rianon (Hungary) * **S**èvres (Turkey)
42
List four reasons the Treaty of Versailles was more important than these treaties
* with Germany * decided by Big Three * set up the League of Nations * set down the principles of how the defeated countries would be treated
43
What were the four main principles of the Treaty of Versailles?
1. reparations 2. disarmament 3. loss of land 4. self-determination
44
What does 'self-determination' mean?
The right to rule yourself
45
List 5 new nation-states created by the treaties of 1919-20
* **C**zechs and Slovaks in Czechoslovakia * **H**ungarians in Hungary * **A**ustrians in Austria * **P**oles in Poland * **S**lavs in Yugoslavia
46
Which empire did it split up to make these new nation-states?
Austro-Hungaria
47
Which races ruled in Czechoslovakia?
Czechs and Slovaks
48
Which people ruled in Yugoslavia?
Serbs
49
List four problems with self-determination
1. it caused small wars in Poland, Teschen and Fiume 2. not allowed for Germany 3. created many small, weak countries, which Hitler easily conquered later 4. new nation-states had racial minorities living there

History (6 decks)

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