Treaty Of Versailles Flashcards
Why did Germany go into World War One
Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism. Assassination of Franz Ferdinand made the domino affect
What were the terms of the treaty of Versailles
Land - 13% Land lost along with industry, German troops not allowed in Rhineland and oversea complies given to allies
Army- 100,000 men, navy 6 ships, no Air Force
Money- 6.6 million reparations when already in debt and starving due to war disaster
guilt- Germans had to live with the accusation that they started war
Why did Germany lose World War One
Thought it would be a quick war and France would surrender.
War on two fronts Britain and France in west Russia on right
Naval blockade Royal Navy stopped supplies - starvation
Economic strength- Britain richer
Manpower- Germany and allies had less soldiers
Why did people hate the Weimar Republic
Treaty of Versailles blames the government for signing it and making Germany look weak - LAMB
Weimar constitution- used to kaiser ruling dictatorship and now it was a socialism and democracy hated by…
Spartacists and freikorps
What was the Spartacists uprising
A communist group against the democracy. Held a revolution in 1919 by making workers stand up for right. Ebert asked freikorps to intervene (enemy) and revolution failed.
What was the Kapp putsch
1920- 12,000 freikorps marched into Berlin to overthrow government. Temp worked and government fled as army said no to hurting them. But ebert told workers to strike and this worked causing Wolfgang Kapp and supporters fled leaving Weimar to return.
The Munich putsch is?
Led by Adolf hitler in 1923. They thought Democratic Party were weak due to hyperinflation, marched into Munich and tried to get Bavaria leader to support them but failed when police refused to join and gunfire broke out. Hitler imprisoned.
Why did hyperinflation break out
1923- France took Ruhr (industrial) to get Germany’s payments through industry. Germany print more money to pay debts, money loses value, prices increase dramatically. Causes more problems for democracy and German people
What attitude do the ex soldiers have to the Weimar Republic
Hates them as they believe they were stabbed in the back when they signed treaty of Versailles
Consequence of hyperinflation
Winners- those in debt due to fixed amount only being payed
Rich business’ can buy out small business and increase market share
Government have less economic problems due to countrys debt decreasing
Losers - those with savings as they become useless
Retired as they live on fixed income
Small business can no longer afford to stay open
French invaded the Ruhr because
Germany in 1922 couldnt just afford reparations so asked for delay again so France said no. Tension grew they invaded Ruhr causing Germany to not have any money at all
Germany’s response to invasion of Ruhr
Germany’s government asked for passive resistance of workers and this was a protest against French. Still payed workers leading to hyperinflation
Stresseman and his solutions
Rentenmark- 1923 new currency to end hyperinflation
Dawes plan- 1924 with USA. Loans provided and industry improved
Young plan- reperations spread out over 60 years
Locarno pact- 1925 Germany accept lost land and peace between British frnace and Belgium.
Kellogg Briand pact- Germany more powerful and peace declared
