Treaty of Versailles Flashcards
What were Wilson’s 14 points aims?
Democracy (Justice)
Self determination (German trade)
International co-operation (LoN)
What was Wilson’s 1st point?
No more secret treaties
What was Wilson’s 3rd point?
Equal trade conditions
What was Wilson’s 14th point?
Establishment of LoN
What was Wilson’s 4th point?
Decrease of armaments
What did Clemenceau and France want?
Disarmament of Germany
Reparations
Saar basin and Alsace Lorraine
What did Lloyd George and Britain want?
Reparations
Ability to trade with Germany
Germany not be able to make war
Why did Lloyd George want to trade with Germany?
Germany was Britain’s biggest customer before 1914
What was the War Guilt Clause
Article 231 meant Germany took the blame for starting the war
How much did Germany have to pay
£6.6 billion
How was the Germany army restricted
Army reduced to 100,000.
How was the German navy restricted
Only 6 battleships, 6 light cruisers and 12 destroyers allowed
How was German tank and naval air force restricted
Germany could not have either
Where was demilitarised
Rhineland
Name 4 areas of German territory lost
Alsace Lorraine –> France.
Danzig –> Free city
North Schleswig –> Denmark
Memel –> Lithuania
What was Clemenceau unhappy about
No treaty of guarantee if Germany attacked to get protection from USA and Britain
Why was Wilson unhappy
No free navigation of the seas and he thought it was too harsh
Why was Lloyd George unhappy
He thought it was too harsh - ‘We shall have to fight another war in 25 years time’
What somewhat justified the harshness of ToV
The treaty of Brest-Litovsk (March 1918) on Russia was equally harsh
What was diktat
Dictated peace - Germany were excluded from treaty negotiations but had to agree
How did right wing Germans demonstrate their unhappiness with the ToV
Munich Putsch (March 1923) - Armed rebellion by right wing groups
Assassinations of politicians
What were the Freikorps
An armed group of former German soldiers who declared a new national government (March 1923)
What is the timeline of the Ruhr
- Germany claimed they couldn’t make 1922 payment
- Ruhr taken by Belgium and France
- Government lost this industry and started printing more money (hyperinflation)
