Treaty And Civil War Flashcards
(26 cards)
The Government Act 1920
Ulster
Had 6 counties
Home Rule parliament in Belfast
First Prime Minister was James Craig
The Government Act 1920
South of Ireland
Called Southern Ireland
It was to have a Home Rule parliament in Dublin
Negotiating the Treaty 1921
What was it and when
October
A delegation led by Collins and Griffith went to London to negotiate a treaty
Negotiating the Treaty 1921
Who declined to go
Eamon de Valera
Negotiating the Treaty 1921
What two main aims did the delegation have?
Irish
To set up a republic so that Ireland would be completely independent form Britain
To end partition so that the Northern Ireland state would cease to exist
Negotiating the Treaty 1921
British delegation
Led by Lloyd George
Experienced negotiators like Winston Churchill
Negotiating the Treaty 1921
What did the British delegation want?
Ireland to stay within the British Commonwealth and to maintain the state of Northern Ireland
Terms of the Treaty
Ireland would be called the Irish Free State
The Free State would not be a republic but part of the British Commonwealth (dominion status). King would be head of state and TDs would have to take an oath of loyalty to the King.
British would have 3 naval ports in Ireland: Lough Swilly, Cobh & Berehaven
A Boundary Commission was to be set up to decide the border between Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State. It would consist of a presentation from both Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State. There would be an independent chairman
Events leading to Civil War
Treaty caused much division in country.
British army withdrew from their barracks and both pro- and anti- Treaty IRA took them over
Events leading to Civil War
Pro-Treaty
Free State Army
Events leading to Civil War
Anti-Treaty
Irregulars
The Civil War
Who kidnapped who in where?
Anti-Treaty forces kidnapped General O’ Connell (Free State Army) in the Four Courts
The Civil War
What did the kidnapping mean?
Collins had an excuse to attack the Four Courts
The Civil War
How long did it take the Irregulars to surrender in the Four Courts
Within 2 days
The Civil War
Who was defeated in Dublin within a week
The Irregulars
The Civil War
Where did the Irregulars go when they were defeated on Dublin
Munster
Where their support was strongest
The Civil War
What tactics did the Irregulars use against the Free State troops?
Guerilla Warfare tactics
The Civil War
How many soldiers did the Free State Armey have by August 1922?
60,000
The Civil War
When did Arthur Griffith die?
How?
August 12th 1922
The Civil War
When did Michael Collins die?
How?
August 22nd 1922 (ten days later than Griffith)
In an ambush at Béal na Bláth, West Cork
The Civil War
Who became the new head of the Free State government?
William T Cosgrave
The Civil War
Who was in charge of law and order?
What did he do?
Kevin O’ Higgins
Passed a Special Powers Act
The Civil War
What was the last obstacle to a ceasefire and how was it removed
Liam Lynch was killed
The Civil War
What happened in May 1923
Frank Aiken agreed to a ceasefire
