Treatments for offenders Flashcards
What is restorative justice?
A system of dealing with criminal behaviour which focusses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims. Offenders see the impact of their crime and the process empowers victims by giving them a “voice”.
Restorative justice has to be voluntary for all parties and seeks a positive outcome. It is respectful and not degrading for either offender or victim.
What are the aims of restorative justice?
- An opportunity to explain the impact of the crime (impact statements)
- An acknowledgement of the harm caused
- A chance to ask questions
- Acceptance of responsibility
- Active rather than passive involvement of both parties
What did Wachtel and McCold state?
The focus should be on relationships instead of punishment - justice should focus on healing any harm
The victim seeks reparation, the offender must take responsibility, and the community aims to achieve reconciliation with the aim of maintain a healthy society - these are the three stakeholders.
Full restoration involves all three stakeholders
One method can lead to full restoration - peace circles
What is the aim of anger management?
To restructure thinking and replace angry responses with alternative, rational and calm responses
What is anger management based on?
CBT
What is the goal of anger management?
To provide long term tools for the criminal to manage their behaviour
What are the 3 stages of anger management?
Cognitive preparation stage
Skills acquisition
Application
What is the cognitive preparation stage?
Identifying cues and triggers that might make the individual angry
What is the skills acquisition stage?
- Learn relaxation skills
- Positive self-statements
What is the application stage?
- Therapist works with the client to practice scenarios to put their relaxation skills into practice
- Master self-control
- The therapist will give the criminal homework - might be asked to keep a journal that tracks what trigger they were exposed to, how they responded to it, and how they reflect on it afterwards
What are the 7 components of a token economy that Miltenberger identified?
Target behaviours
Types of tokens
The reinforcers
Reinforcement schedule
Exchange criterion
Time/place for exchange
Response cost
What is token economy?
A token economyis one in whichpositive behavioursarerewardedandnegativebehaviours arediscouraged(i.e. a form ofoperant conditioning)
