TREATMENTS Flashcards
Staphylococcus aureus treatment for furuncle/carbuncles
Antisepsis and Drainage
Staphylococcus aureus treatment for Bacteremia and Dissemination
- IV β-lactamase-resistant (antistaphylococcal) penicillins
: give β-lactamase resistant penicillins
(e.g. nafcillin, methicillin, oxacillin) - MRSA: vancomycin
- VRSA: linezolid, streptogramins
Streptococcus pneumoniae treatment
parenteral β-lactams
- Ampicillin
- Cefotaxime
- Ceftriaxone
- Cefuroxime
Streptococcus pneumoniae prevention
- Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine containing 23 types (PPSV23)
- Pneumococcal conjugated vaccine containing 13 types (PCV13)
Streptococcus pyogenes treatment
Penicillin G
Streptococcus agalactiae treatment
IV ampicillin
Streptococcus agalactiae prevention
- screening pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of pregnancy (rectal and
vaginal swabs)
Enterococci treatment
1st line defense
ampicillin or vancomycin + aminoglycoside
Enterococci treatment for VREF:
linezolid, quinupristin–dalfopristin, daptomycin
Haemophilus influenzae Treatment
- 3rd-generation cephalosporins (e.g., ceftriaxone, cefotaxime)
- Carbapenems
Haemophilus influenzae Prevention
Hib conjugated vaccine to children
Haemophilus ducreyi
1 g azithromycin PO
Bordetella pertussis treatment for catarrhal stage
erythromycin
Bordetella pertussis preventing anoxic damage
- O2 inhalation and sedation
BRUCELLA SP. treatment
- Doxycycline + Streptomycin/Gentamicin
- Doxycycline + Rifampin
Francisella tularensis treatment
Streptomycin
Gentamicin
Pasteurella multocida treatment
- Penicillin G (DOC)
- Tetracyclines, Fluoroquinolones (alternative)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae treatment
- Ceftriaxone IM or Cefixime PO
- Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin
Gonorrhea Ophthalmia Neonatorum treatment
0.5% erythromycin ointment, 1% tetracycline ointment, 1% AgNO3
Solution
Neisseria meningitidis treatment
- PenicillinG (DOC)
- Empirical Therapy: Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime (to cover the various
other bacteria that may cause meningitis) - Chloramphenicol
Neisseria meningitidis prevention
- tetravalent polysaccharide vaccine
- tetravalent conjugate vaccine
Chlamydia trachomatis treatment
*Doxycycline
* Azithromycin (if pregnant)
Escherichia coli Treatment
Fluoroquinolones
Klebsiella granulomatis treatment
Azithromycin
Shigella Treatment
- self-limited
- for severe infections:
- Ceftriaxone (DOC)
- Ciprofloxacin
Salmonella treatment
- Azithromycin PO
- Parenteral 3rd
-generation Cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone) or
Fluoroquinolone
Yersinia pestis Treatment
- Streptomycin
*Gentamicin
*Doxycycline
Vibrio cholerae treatment
Doxycycline
Tetracycline
Helicobacter pylori Treatment
- TripleTherapy
- PPI + clarithromycin + amoxicillin
- PPI + clarithromycin + metronidazole
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) for 4-6 weeks
- QuadrupleTherapy
- PPI + bismuth subsalicylate + metronidazole + tetracycline
- PPI + clarithromycin + metronidazole + amoxicillin
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Treatment
- Extended-Spectrum Penicillin (Piperacillin) + Aminoglycoside
(Tobramycin)
Bacillus anthrax treatment
- Ciprofloxacin (DOC)
Bacillus anthrax inhalation anthrax treatment
Raxibacumab
Clostridium botulinum treatment
- Mechanical ventilator
- Antitoxin
Clostridium tetani treatment
- Penicillin
- Muscle relaxants
- Sedation
- Mechanical ventilator
- Antitoxin
Clostridium perfringens treatment
- Prompt and extensive surgical debridement
- Excision of devitalized tissue
- Penicillin
- Hyperbaric oxygen
- Antitoxin
- Amputation
Clostridioides difficile treatment
- Discontinue offending antibiotic
- Vancomycin (DOC), Metronidazole
- Fecal transplant
Corynebacterium diphtheriae Treatment
Penicillin
Macrolides
Antitoxin
Corynebacterium diphtheriae prevention
Diphtheria toxoid in DPT
Nocardia treatment
Cotrimoxazole (DOC)
Actinomycetoma treatment
Treatment:
- combinations of streptomycin, trimethoprim–
sulfamethoxazole, and dapsone
- amputation
Treponema pallidum Treatment
- Penicillin G
response to lipoproteins released by dying T. pallidum organisms
Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction
What drugs was synthesized by Paul Ehrlich for syphilis?
arsphenamine
brand name: salvarsan
Leptospira interrogans Treatment
- Doxycycline
- Ampicillin
- Amoxicillin
Mycobacterium leprae Treatment
Dapsone (DOC)
Mycobacterium leprae Treatment
Lepromatous
Dapsone + Rifampin + Clofazimine
Mycobacterium leprae Treatment
Tuberculoid
Dapsone + Rifampin
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Prevention
BCG vaccine
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Treatment
DOTS (Directly Observed
Treatment, Short Course)
1st line agents for Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Isoniazid
Rifampicin
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS TREATMENT
Surgical drainage + Antimicrobial therapy
