Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Reproduction Pharmacology > Treatment of STDs > Flashcards

Treatment of STDs Flashcards

1
Q

ANTIVIRALS

A

Acyclovir
Famciclovir
Valacyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ANTIMICROBIALS

A 
Amoxicillin
Azithromycin 
Cefixime
Ceftriaxone
Clindamycin 
Doxycycline  
Erythromycin 
Levofloxacin 
Metronidazole 
Ofloxacin 
Penicillin G 
Tinidazole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANTIFUNGALS

A 
Butoconazole 
Clotrimazole 
Fluconazole 
Miconazole 
Terconazole 
Tioconazole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

HPV Rx

A 
Cervarix  
Gardisil 
Podofilox 
Imiquimod 
Sinecatechins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

HSV: Treatment

A

Acyclovir
Famciclovir
Valacyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MECHANISM OF ACTION: Acyclovir & Valacyclovir

A

Competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase; competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate for incorporation into viral DNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MECHANISM OF ACTION: Famciclovir

A

Famciclovir is metabolized (de-acetylated) to penciclovir. Does not cause chain termination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Metab/Elim: Acyclovir & Valacyclovir

A

Little metabolism; renal elimination; dose adjust in renal dysfunction or failure may occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Toxicity: Acyclovir & Valacyclovir

A

Neurotoxicity incl seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Patients taking Acyclovir & Valacyclovir?

A

Needs to be well hydrated to avoid crystalline nephropathy or neurotoxicity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Syphilis: Treponema palladium treatment?

A

Benzathine Penicillin G, IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MECHANISM OF ACTION: Benzathine Penicillin G

A

Bactericidal beta-lactam: binds PBPs causing cell lysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Benzathine Penicillin G administration:

A

Produces a drug depot that liberates drug over 2 weeks following 1.2 x106.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Benzathine Penicillin G has poor

A

Penetration of CSF - Not good for neurosyphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Benzathine Penicillin G eliminated & hypersensitivity?

A

Rapidly eliminated via renal tubular excretion.
Significantly delayed in patients with decreased renal function.
Hypersensitivity or skin rashes may be problematic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Latent Syphilis Sero-reactivity w/o other evidence of disease treatment?

A
  • Not sexually transmitted – treatment to prevent complications
  • Early Latent: Benzathine Pen G 2.4 x 106 units IM dose
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Congenital Syphilis treatment

A

Aqueous crystalline Penicillin G

Procaine Penicillin G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction?

A

70-90% with secondary syphilis several hours after first injection of penicillin.
Chills, fever, headache, myalgias, and arthralgias
Syphilitic cutaneous lesions may become more
prominent, edematous, and brilliant in color
Few hours; begins to fade within 48 hr and does not re-occur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction mechanism & treatment?

A

Release of spirochetal antigens with subsequent host reactions to the products
Aspirin gives symptomatic relief
Do NOT discontinue penicillin therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Chlamydia is?

A

The most common STD in the US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Chlamydia treatment

A 
Azithromycin
Doxycycline
Erythromycin base
Levofloxacin 
Ofloxacin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Azithromycin DRUG MECHANISM:

A

Binds 50S ribosomal subunit: bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Doxycycline DRUG MECHANISM:

A

Binds 30S ribosomal subunit: bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Erythromycin base DRUG MECHANISM:

A

Binds 50S ribosomal subunit: bacteriostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Levofloxacin DRUG MECHANISM:
Inhibits DNA gyrase (topo II) in gram-negative: bactericidal Inhibits topo IV in gram-positive: bactericidal
26
Ofloxacin DRUG MECHANISM:
Inhibits DNA gyrase (topo II) in gram-negative: bactericidal Inhibits topo IV in gram-positive: bactericidal
27
Amoxicillin DRUG MECHANISM:
Bactericidal beta-lactam: binds PBPs causing cell lysis.
28
Erythromycin base elimination:
P-gp & CYP3A4 substrate & inhibitor; minimal elim in urine most in stool.
29
Azithromycin Side effects:
GI upset; vaginitis
30
Doxycycline Side effects:
GI upset; hepatic damage in high dose esp in pregnancy; photosensitivty with sunlight or tanning bed
31
Erythromycin base Side effects:
GI upset; increases toxicity of CYP3A4 substrates; estolate preparations may cause cholestatic jaundice; risk of sudden cardiac death with CYP3A4 inhibitors
32
Levofloxacin & Ofloxacin Side effects:
Taste disturbance (levo); GI upset; BBW of increase risk of tendonitis & rupture; BBW of exacerbation of muscle weakness – avoid with myasthenia gravis.
33
Chancroid is
Painful necrotizing genital ulcers
34
Chancroid treatment
Azithromycin Ceftriaxone Ciprofloxacin Erythromycin base
35
Chancroid Successful treatment:
Cures infection & resolves symptoms; advanced cases may suffer permanent scarring.
36
Ceftriaxone DRUG MECHANISM:
Bactericidal beta-lactam: binds PBPs causing cell lysis.
37
Ciprofloxacin DRUG MECHANISM:
Inhibits DNA gyrase (topo II) in gram-negative: bactericidal | Inhibits topo IV in gram-positive: bactericidal
38
Ciprofloxacin Distributes into
Breast milk and crosses placenta. No pattern of adverse events recognized but from abundance of caution drug not recommended in these situations
39
Uncomplicated Gonococcal Infections cervix, urethra, rectum TREATMENT:
Ceftriaxone Cefixime Plus Azithromycin or Doxycycline
40
Uncomplicated Gonococcal Infections pharynx TREATMENT:
Ceftriaxone Plus Azithromycin or Doxycycline
41
Cefixime DRUG MECHANISM:
Bactericidal beta-lactam: binds PBPs causing cell lysis
42
Cefixime ELIMINATION
Penetrates urine, prostatic and blister fluids; eliminated unchanged primarily in urine by GF and RTS
43
Cefixime Side effects:
Diarrhea & GI upset. Rarely may é clotting time. | False positive for urinary glucose in diabetic patients
44
Urethritis - Cervicitis TREATMENT:
``` Azithromycin Doxycycline Erythromycin base Levofloxacin Ofloxacin ```
45
Recurrent Treatment | Urethritis - Cervicitis
Metronidazole or Tinidazole Plus Azithromycin
46
Trichomoniasis TREATMENT:
Metronidazole | Tinidazole
47
Metronidazole & Tinidazole DRUG MECHANISM:
Amebicidal, bactericidal, and trichomonacidal Unionized drug taken up by anaerobic organisms and cells where it is reduced to its active form which disrupts DNA's helical structure, thereby inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis. Equally effective vs. dividing and non-dividing cells.
48
Metronidazole & Tinidazole elimination:
Elimination primarily in urine (discoloration) and stool.
49
Metronidazole & Tinidazole side effects & CI:
Avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding; GI upset; candidiasis; disulfiram-like effect (avoid alcohol for 24 hr (M) or 72 hr (T). Tinidazole AFTER completing therapy; 2° malignancies in animal model.
50
Bacterial Vaginosis TREATMENT:
Metronidazole Clindamycin Tinidazole Clindamycin
51
Clindamycin DRUG MECHANISM:
Binds 50s ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis; bacteriostatic
52
Clindamycin ISSUES:
CDC recommends intravaginal use only in 1st trimester due to an increase in adverse events, such as low birthweight, pre-term delivery, premature rupture of the membranes, and neonatal infections if used after 16 weeks.Excreted in breast milk – AAP sees no issues but manufacturer advises caution. GI upset most commonly with systemic drug BUT also reported with intravaginal application. Local delivery also rarely associated with contact toxicity like vaginal erythema, vulvovaginal pruritus, vaginal discharge, vaginal swelling, vaginal bleeding and vaginal pain.
53
Candidiasis TREATMENT:
``` Butoconazole Clotrimazole Miconazole Tioconazole PRESCRIPTION Butoconazole Terconazole Fluconazole ```
54
Conazoles Mechanism:
Blocks ergosterol synthesis through interacting with 14-alpha demethylase, a CYP necessary conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol; essential membrane component.
55
Fluconazole distrubted & eliminated:
Widely distributed in tissues and fluids; renal elimination – predominantly unchanged.
56
High systemic doses of azoles produce?
Abdominal wall defects & cleft palate in fetus & maternal stress. Recommended avoid in 1st trimester
57
Oil-based topical Conazoles products:
Can weaken latex condoms or diaphragms.
58
HPV: Prevention
Human Papillomavirus vaccine [Gardasil & Cervarix]
59
Gardasil & Cervarix Mechanism:
Both contain recombinant L1 protein, the major antigenic protein of the capsid of HPV
60
Gardasil: Types?
Types 6, 11, 16, & 18 (quadrivalent)
61
Cervarix: Types?
Types 16 & 18 (bivalent)
62
HPV: Prevention Recommended for?
Recommended girls & boys, men & women <26 y/o and receive 3 doses at 0, 2 & 6 months
63
Genital Warts caused by?
90% caused by HPV 6 & 11
64
Genital Warts symptoms & infection
Usually asymptomatic but can be painful and pruritic | Available treatments likely reduce but probably don’t erradicate HPV infectivity
65
Genital Warts TREATMENTS:
Podofilox Imiquimod Sinecatechins
66
Podofilox Mechanism & administration:
A plant-derived mitotic spindle inhibitor blocking microtubular activity in keratinocytes Topical gel: little if any drug systematization
67
Imiquimod Mechanism, administration & elimination:
An immune response modifier Topical gel: absorption = surface area >> amount applied Eliminated in urine
68
Sinecatechins Mechanism & side effect:
Agreen tea extract antioxidant | Pain and discomfort at application site

Reproduction Pharmacology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions