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Treatment Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the preferred drug for treating EPS associated with neuroleptics?

A

benztropine

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2
Q

What is buspirone and what are its indications and advantages?

A
  • it is an anxiolytic that works as a partial agonist of 5-HT1A receptors
  • it does not potentiate the CNS depression of alcohol and has low abuse potential so can be very useful in treating those with substance abuse disorders
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3
Q

What is hydroxyzine?

A

an short-acting antihistamine used as an anxiolytic

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4
Q

Propanolol is useful in the treatment of what psychiatric disorders?

A
  • the autonomic symptoms of performance anxiety and panic attacks
  • akathisia associated with neuroleptic use
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5
Q

What is modafinil?

A

a CNS stimulant used to treat narcolepsy

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6
Q

What is atomoxetine?

A

a presynaptic NET inhibitor used as a stimulant for the treatment of ADHD

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7
Q

What are DBS and rTMS?

A
  • DBS is deep brain stimulation, a surgical treatment involving placement of a medical device that sends electrical impulses to specific parts of the brain
  • rTMS is a noninvasive method of producing electrical currents in the brain
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8
Q

Psychoanalysis cannot be used in what subset of psychiatric patients?

A

it should not be used in people who have problems with reality testing such as psychotic patients or those with severe cluster A or B personality disorders

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9
Q

When do the Id, Ego, and Superego develop? What is the role of each?

A
  • the Id is present at birth and is the unconscious, containing instinctual sexual and aggressive urges
  • the Ego develops after birth, is the mediator between the id and the external environment, serves to develop satisfying interpersonal relationships, and is the source of reality testing and defense mechanisms
  • the Superego develops around age 6 and is the moral conscience
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10
Q

What did Freud believe was the role of defense mechanisms?

A

he thought they were employed by the ego to protect one’s self and relieve anxiety by keeping conflicts out of awareness

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11
Q

Which four defense mechanisms are considered mature?

A
  • sublimation
  • altruism
  • suppression
  • humor
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12
Q

What is altruism?

A

performing acts that benefit others in order to vicariously experience pleasure

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13
Q

What is sublimation?

A

satisfying socially objectionable impulses into an acceptable form

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14
Q

What is humor?

A

a mature defense mechanism in which a person expresses unpleasant or uncomfortable feelings without causing discomfort to self or others

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15
Q

What is suppression?

A

a mature defense mechanism in which one purposely ignores an unacceptable impulse or emotion

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16
Q

How does suppression differ from repression?

A
  • suppression is a mature defense mechanism and is a conscious process
  • repression is an immature defense mechanism and is an unconscious process
17
Q

What is the controlling defense mechanism?

A

a person regulates situations and events of the external environment to relieve anxiety

18
Q

What is the displacement defense mechanism?

A

a person shifts emotions from an undesirable situation to one that is personally tolerable

19
Q

What is the intellectualization defense mechanism?

A

a person avoids negative feelings by excessive use of intellectual functions and by focusing on irrelevant details or inanimate objects

20
Q

What is the isolation of affect defense mechanism?

A

a person unconsciously limits their experience of feelings or emotions associated with a stressful life event in order to avoid anxiety (e.g. woman describes the recent death of her husband without emotion)

21
Q

What is the rationalization defense mechanism?

A

a person creates explanations of an event in order to justify outcomes or behaviors and to make them acceptable

22
Q

What is the reaction formation defense mechanism?

A

doing the opposite of an unacceptable impulse

23
Q

What is the repression defense mechanism?

A

the unconscious prevention of a thought or feeling from entering consciousness

24
Q

What is the acting out defense mechanism?

A

a person gives into an impulse even if socially inappropriate in order to avoid the anxiety of suppressing that impulse

25
Q

What is the regression defense mechanism?

A

a person performs behaviors from an earlier stage of development in order to avoid tension associated with current phase of development

26
Q

What is the projection defense mechanism?

A

a person attributes objectionable thoughts or emotions to others

27
Q

What is the undoing defense mechanism?

A

a person attempts to reverse a situation by adopting a new behavior (e.g. a man who has had a brief fantasy of killing his wife by sabotaging her car takes the car in for a complete checkup)

28
Q

What is the goal of psychoanalysis?

A

to resolve unconscious conflicts by bringing repressed experiences and feelings into awareness and integrating them into the patient’s conscious experience

29
Q

What is transference?

A

the projection of unconscious feelings about important figures in the patient’s life onto the therapist which can be a helpful aspect of psychoanalysis because it allows the patient to gain insight through interpretation of this transference

30
Q

What is supportive psychotherapy?

A

a form of psychotherapy in which the therapist helps the patient feel safe during a difficult time rather than using an insight-oriented approach

31
Q

What is the goal of behavioral therapy?

A

to treat psychiatric disorders by helping patients change behaviors that contribute to their symptoms

32
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A

a form of learning behaviors through the use of positive or negative reinforcement

33
Q

What is flooding and implosion?

A

a form of reconditioning in behavioral therapy in which the patient is confronted with a real (flooding) or imagined (implosion) anxiety-provoking stimulus and not allowed to withdraw until he or she feels calm and in control

34
Q

What is token economy?

A

a form of behavioral therapy in which rewards are given after specific behaviors to positively reinforce them

35
Q

What is the goal of cognitive therapy?

A

to teach patients to identify maladaptive thoughts and replace them with positive ones

36
Q

What is the goal of CBT?

A

to help patients identify the connection between thoughts and behaviors

37
Q

Dialectic behavior has been shown effective in the treatment of what disorder?

A

borderline personality disorder

Psych (17 decks)

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