Treating Abnormality: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

Question 1

REBT is a branch of cognitive behavioural therapy. What is it and what idea is it based on?

Answer 1

Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy. Based on Ellis’ idea that psychological problems are the result of irrational thinking.

Question 2

What is the aim of REBT and how does it work?

Answer 2

To help the patient to understand that their thoughts are irrational and what the consequences are of thinking this way. It then helps the patient substitute the irrational thoughts with more rational ones. Mainly used for anxiety and depression.

Question 3

What are the 3 different methods of disputing used in REBT?

Answer 3

Logical disputing - The patient is encouraged to challenge whether the way they are thinking is logical or not (if their thoughts make sense).

Empirical disputing - The patient is encouraged to challenge whether or not their thoughts are realistic (is there proof that the thoughts are accurate or not).

Pragmatic disputing - The patient is encouraged to challenge whether or not their thoughts are helpful to them, or if they are useless and self-defeating.

Question 4

Name 2 behavioural techniques used in CBT.

Answer 4

• Activity Scheduling

* Homework (reading self-help etc.)

Question 5

What are the strengths of CBT?

Answer 5

• Research has shown that it is effective. One meta-analysis concluded that REBT is effective in treating OCD and phobias and that it is just as effective (if not more) in treating depression as antidepressants.
• CBT is becoming more diverse in its applications. It is used in NHS treatments, as it is usually short term compared to psychodynamic therapies. It is also useful for those without an actual abnormality, such as those with exam stress.

Question 6

What are the limitations of CBT?

Answer 6

• Can sometimes be seen as unethical, as it is quite strict, so it is criticized for telling people exactly how to think. Due to the therapist helping to change the way the patient thinks, they have considerable power over the patient, leaving patients open to abuse.
• It isn’t suitable for all. E.g, someone with severe depression may have difficulty concentrating on the therapy, as lots of work is required.