Treaties & Wars

Question 1

Treaty of Table Rock (1853)

Answer 1

Southern OR reservation, eliminated hunting ground rights, seized firearms, most resisted.

Question 2

Rogue River Treaty (1854)

Answer 2

More tribes moved to Table Rock reservation. Followed by Rogue River War.

Question 3

Rogue River War 1855 - 1856

Answer 3

Miners encroaching on reservation, Lupton Massacre, war with US govt.

Question 4

Medicine Creek Treaty (1854)

Answer 4

Nisqually, Puyallup, etc. - 2.5 mil acres ceded, caused conflict in Puget Sound, Battle of Seattle.

Question 5

Battle of Seattle (Part of Puget Sound War 1855-1858)

Answer 5

Caused by Medicine Creek Treaty, Chief Leschi of the Nisqually is hanged.

Question 6

Point Elliott Treaty (1855)

Answer 6

Duwamish - Chief Seattle and others ceded land. Natives were to receive agricultural and industrial training and a clinic.

Question 7

Point No Point (1855)

Answer 7

N. Kitsap Peninsula and Skokomish tribes ceded all land. Small reservation and hunting/fishing rights. Can’t take shellfish. Promised agricultural and technical school.

Question 8

Neah Bay Treaty (1855)

Answer 8

Makah - Banned alcohol, freed slaves, no British trade, no shellfish. $30,000. Promised a technical and agricultural school.

Question 9

Rogue River Treaty (1855)

Answer 9

Created numerous native bands.

Question 10

Umatilla Reservation / Yakama Nation Treaty (1855)

Answer 10

Ceded 6.5 mil acres. Several small tribes congregate on one reservation. Led to Yakama War.

Question 11

Yakama War (1855-1858)

Answer 11

Miners trespassing, raping. Agent Bolon murdered by natives. All-out war between Yakama and US govt. Kamiakin and Leschi.

Question 12

Walla Walla Treaty (1855)

Answer 12

Walla Walla, Cayuse, Nez Perce, Umatilla. Tribes agreed to roads going through land. WA and OR governors.

Question 13

Wasco Treaty (1855)

Answer 13

Walla Walla + Wasco bands ceded 10 mil acres. Warm Springs Reservation, lost resources and fisheries.

Question 14

Lupton Massacre (1855)

Answer 14

40 natives dead, some remained peaceful, others not. Instigated Rogue River War.

Question 15

Quileute Treaty (1856)

Answer 15

Kept fishing rights, $25,000

Question 16

Extension of Neah Bay land (1872)

Answer 16

Order from President Grant expanded land, white squatters forced by military to leave.

Question 17

Nez Perce War (1877)

Answer 17

US Army resettled natives onto non-treaty land, pushback leads to all-out war between non-treaty Nez Perce (Chief Joseph) and US Army. US later abandons treaty system.

Question 18

White River Massacre

Answer 18

Muckleshoot and Klickitat killed 9 citizens. Chief Leschi accused of participating.

Question 19

British in the PNW

Answer 19

Parliament promised to reward anyone who found the Northwest Passage.

Question 20

James Cook

Answer 20

Third voyage, landed in Nootka Sound, traded for sea otter pelts, sold them in China for great profit.

Question 21

Fur Trade Company Mergers

Answer 21

Pacific Fur (1811) > North West (1813) > HBC (1821)

Question 22

Oregon Treaty 1846

Answer 22

US and Britain settle land dispute, US Canada border created, HBC bought out by US.

Question 23

Everett Massacre (1916)

Answer 23

IWW disagreement with mill owners leads to clashes with police. IWW arrive at port, shooting breaks out, 7 members dead.

Question 24

Bellingham Riots (1907)

Answer 24

White workers forced Asian immigrants to leave their jobs at the lumber mills. They resisted and 200+ were attacked. Eventually left the city. Contributed to the National Origins Act.

Question 25

National Origins Act (1924)

Answer 25

Barred all Asian immigrants into the US.

Question 26

New Deal Projects

Answer 26

Grand Coulee Dam, Lake Washington Floating Bridge, Olympic National Park.

Question 27

Burke Act (1906)

Answer 27

Indians must be deemed capable by the Sec of Interior before given ownership of their allotted land. They had to wait until validation of their trust patents OR 25 yrs to gain citizenship.

Question 28

Boldt Decision (1974)

Answer 28

Tribes with land are given access to 50% of fish. Led to clashes between natives and white fishermen.

Question 29

Meriam Report (1928)

Answer 29

Survey of Indian boarding schools and reservations, highly critical. Influenced the Indian Reorganization Act (1934).

Question 30

Indian Reorganization Act (1934)

Answer 30

Restored Indian ownership of resources on reservations, allowed for tribal governments to form, some land was returned.

Question 31

Indian Citizenship Act (1924)

Answer 31

Granted citizenship to all Indians born in the US, voting rights were decided by states.

Question 32

Cayuse War

Answer 32

Caused by the Whitman Massacre