Treaties

Question 1

What was included in the Treaty of Paris (1951)?

Answer 1

• Founded ECSC (1952)
• Founding treaty of European integration
• Create a common market in coal and steel
• Protect and enhance key industries
• Give up sovereignty over key industries
• Create supranational institutions with real power (i.e. National Assembly, Court of Justice, High Authority which is now the Commission)

Question 2

What was included in the Treaty of Rome (1957)?

Answer 2

• Creation of the EEC
• Establish free market principles
• Freedom of movement
• Establish a customs union
• ‘an ever closer union’
• Further supranational integration (authority given to these)

Question 3

What was included in the Single European Act (1985)?

Answer 3

• Single European Market (SEM) programme
• Formalising role of European Council
• Loss of national veto in CoM (enhanced supranationalism)
• Enhanced decision making role for European Parliament
• Increased powers to Commission

Question 4

What was included in the Treaty of Maastricht (1992)?

Answer 4

• Creation of Pillar system
• More QMV in Council
• European citizenship
• More power to institutions

Question 5

When was the Treaty of Amsterdam and the Treaty of Nice?

Answer 5

ToA 1997

ToN 2000

Question 6

What was included in the Treaty of Lisbon (2009)?

Answer 6

• No more Pillars
• Intergovernmental approach
• Commission as ‘facilitator’
• Focus on growth and security
• President of European Council
• High Rep for Foreign Affairs Diplomatic Service
• Charter of Fundamental Rights