Treat/other Flashcards
Treat folliculitis
Benzyl peroxide wash, avoid irritants
Treat hypertrophic scars/keloids
Intralesional triamcinolone (glucocorticoid), laser
3 types of acne
Comedonal - open (blackheads, keratin plug), closed (whiteheads)
Papular/pustular (2-5mm inflamed papules and /or pustules)
Nodular: red, inflamed and fluctuating nodules
Treat acne
Topics: retinoids, antimicrobials (benzyol peroxide), antibiotics, salicylic acid or combination
Oral ABX, OCP
Isotreninion
Manage rosacea
Topical: metronidazole, azaelic acid or ivermectin
Oral: tetracycline
Treatment of vitiligo
Goal: restore melanocyte concentration within the skin
High potency topical steroids or calcinueurin inhibitors or UVB phototherapy
2 kinds of alopecia
non-scarring: reversible/preventable
Scarring: inflammatory process damage the hair follicle stem cell
Types of non-scarring alopecia
Androgenic alopecia
Alopecia areata (autoimmune destruction of non-stem cell portion of hair follicles)
Physical alopecia (trauma)
Telogen effluvium (malnutrition, stress, meds)
What happens in atopic dermatitis?
Skin barrier dysfunction leading to an IgE mediated inflammatory process
Allergic contact dermatitis pathophysiology
Delayed cell-mediated hypersensitivity
Fixed drug eruption
Sharply demarcated erythematous macule, patch, or plaque which are round or oval
5 types of psoriasis
Plaque psoriasis
Guttate (post GAS - lesions smaller, more discrete)
Pustular (rising from areas of erythematous skin, generalized of localized to palms and soles)
Erythroderma: psoriasis to which there is complete body redness - requires biopsy
Inverse: skin folds
Dysplastic nevus management
Should be followed regularly, “ugly duckling”, surgical excision followed by histopathological analysis
RF for melanoma
Personal or family history, fair skin, history of prolonged sun exposure and sunburns, number of dysplastic nevi (>5) specific genes
4 types of melanoma
Superficial
Nodular
Lentigo
Acral
Treatment of impetigo
Prevention: benzoyl peroxide wash
Topical mupirocin ointment
Systemic antibiotics can be used
Tinea versicolor caused by
Malassezia furfur and M. Globosa
What causes erythema multiforme?
HSV or drugs
minor: benign course
major: derm emergency
Management of hemangioma of infancy
none is often required
Laser, cryosurgery, glucocorticoids and propanolol
Sebaceous nevus
Congenital malformation resulting from overgrowth of sebaceous glands in the area of a nevus
Milia treatment
1-2mm keratin filled cyst clogged sweat gland
Treatment not required
5 risk factors for AD
- Asthma
- Hayfever
- Family history
- Urban living (pollutants)
- Smoke
Where do lesions in AD occur?
0-2: face, trunk, scalp, extensors
Older children and adults: flexors
PASI score
Severity and intensity of psoriasis
<10 mild
>10 severe
Intensity: erythema, induration, scaling (0-4)
% BSA (head 10, trunk 30, lower limb 40, upper 20)
3 types of rosacea
Erythematous- telangiectasia
Papulopustular- acne roscacea with whitehead pustules
Phymatous - thicken and scar making it bumpy, swollen and discolored - resulting in rhinophyma
RF for cellulitis
Skin barrier dysfunction
Leg ulceration, PVD
Lymphodema
Immunodeficiency
Tinea unaquium
Nail
Diagnose fungal infections
KOH - potassium hyrdoxide
Fungal c+s
Lichen planus types
Cutaneous
Mucosal
Appendgeal
What should those with Lichen Plants be tested for? What is the disorder pathophysiology? What else can cause lichen plants?
T-cell mediated
Hep C
Gold, quinine
Lichenoid inflammation is also seen in
GVHD
6 P of lichen planus
Pruritic
Papular/pustular
Planar
Polygonal
Purple
4 types of melanoma
Nodular
Superficial
Lentigo (poorly defined)
Acral lentigenous (palms and soles)
BCC types
- nodular
- superficial
- sclerosing
Indication for moh’s
High risk areas (T zone of face)
>2cm on body, >0.6cm on face
Recurrence
Aggressive morphology: infiltrative, perineurial
Dermatoscopy
Non-invasive tool for examining pigmented lesions
Tzanck smear
Cytological for vesicular disorders like HSV VZV
Biopsy
Punch: small circularar piece of skin for historypathological examination
Excisional: removal of entire lesion for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
Shave: superficial sampling for raised lesions
Direct immunofluorescence
AI blistering diseases such as pemphigus and lupus
Types of calcinuein inhibitors and what are they used for?
AD, vitiligo
UVB and PUVA
UVB: vitiligo and psoriasis
PUVA: psoriasis
Cryotherapy
Liquid nitrogen
Indication for punch biopsy
Asses eruptions, sarcoid, SLE, psoriasis
Shave biopsy indications
Raised lesions, basal cell or squamous cell lesions, skin tags
Excisional biopsy
Melanoma, large skin tumors, or inflammatory disorders deep in the skin, erythema nodosum
