Trazodone Flashcards
(8 cards)
Name 2 indication of trazodone?
- anxiety
- calmer environment for other patients
What effects did trazodone have on echocardiographic and hemodynamic variables in healthy cats according to Fries RC et al in JFMS in 2018?
- 50 mg per cat did not alter echocardiographic variables in a clinically relevant manner
What are trazodone’s MOAs? How is it metabolised?
- 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C antagonist
- inhibits serotonin transporter + serotonin type 2 receptor –> inhibition of the reuptake of serotonin + induces down regulation of the 5-HT receptor at presynaptic membrane
- block histamine H1 receptors
- block alpha-1 adrenergic receptors (hypnotic and sedative effects?)
- block T-type Ca2+ channels
Metabolism: liver
Name 8 side effects of trazodone?
- vomiting
- nausea
- diarrhoea
- ataxia
- sedation
- hypotension through vasodilation
- transient tachycardia (IV + PO)
- idiosyncratic aggression, excitement, and behavior disinhibition (if given IV)
–> attributed to trazodone’s metabolite metachlorophenylpiperazine
Name one relative contraindication for trazodone and discuss why?
Glaucoma: trazodone may dilate the pupils, which can trigger an acute crisis
Discuss important interactions of trazodone with other drugs?
concurrent administration with CYP inhibitors (e.g. azole antifungals, macrolide antibiotics, phenothiazines) may lead to increased plasma concentrations of trazodone
cisapride, ondansetron, and fluoroquinolones: QT prolongation
Name 8 drugs that may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome, if trazodone is administered concurrently?
- Linezolid
- Methylene blue
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- Metoclopramide
- SSRI antidepressants
- Tricyclic antidepressants
- Fentanyl
- Tramadol
Name one drug that has been demonstrated to prevent death in rats with serotonin syndrome according to Nisijima K et al in Brain Res 2001?
Cyproheptadine: histamine-1 receptor antagonist with nonspecific antagonist properties at 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A
