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Community Pharmacy > Travel Meds (Sun Care) > Flashcards

Travel Meds (Sun Care) Flashcards

1
Q

degree of reflection os ultraviolet radiation

A

snow > > sand > water

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2
Q

factors associated with increase exposure

A
  • near equator (less ozone)
  • summer months
  • high altitude
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3
Q

types of UV radiations

A

UVC (200-290nm): does not penetrate ozone layer
- gemicidal

UVB (290-320nm): vitamin D3 synthesis
- sunburn radiation
- linked to erythema, wrinkling, collagen damage, premature ageing, skin cancer

UVA (320-400nm): reduce erythemogenic property
- augments UVB activity
- penetrates deeper

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4
Q

prevention of sun induced skin damages

A
  • stay in the shade
  • cover exposed skin
  • wear hat with wide brim
  • wear sunglasses
  • increase fluid intake
  • avoid indoor tanning
  • use sunscreen
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5
Q

5 S in protecting from sun

A
  1. Slip on long sleeves
  2. Slop on sunblock
  3. Slap on a hat
  4. Seek shade
  5. Slide on shades
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6
Q

2 types of sunscreen

A
  1. chemical sunscreen (active ingredient)
  2. physical sunscreen (opaque)
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7
Q

mechanism of chemical sunscreen

A
  1. absorbs 85% of UV radiation (290-320nm)
  2. may/ may not allow penetration of UV radiation >320nm
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8
Q

mechanism of physical sunscreen

A

reflects or scatters UV radiation (270-777nm)

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9
Q

examples of chemical sunscreen

A
  1. Aminobenzoic acid and derivative
  2. Benzophenones (dioxybenzone, oxybenzones, sulisobenzone)
  3. Cinnamates (Cinoate, Octinoxate, Octocrylene)
  4. Avobenzone
  5. Salicylic acid derivative
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10
Q

pros/cons of Aminobenzoic acid and derivative

A

(+) penetrate horny skin layer
(+) lasting protection

(-) formulated in hydroalcoholic base
(-) major skin sensitiser

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11
Q

pros/cons of benzophenones

A

(+) absorb UVA (dioxybenzone: 380nm; oxybenzones: 350nm)

(-) increase report of sensitivity

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11
Q

pros/cons of Cinnamates

A

(+) some absorb UVA

(-) need vehicle to increase skin adherence

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12
Q

pros/cons of Avobenzone

A

(+) best UVA spectrum

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13
Q

pros/cons of salicylic acid derivatives

A

(-) poor skin adherence

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14
Q

examples of physical sunblock

A
  1. zinc oxide
  2. titanium dioxide
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15
Q

pros/cons of physical sunblock

A

(+) most suited for small and prominent exposed area
(-) discolor clothing
(-) occlude skin

16
Q

minimal erythema dose (MED)

A

minimum UVB radiation dose that produces clearly marginated erythema

17
Q

how to count SPF

A

MED (protected skin) / MED (unprotected skin)

18
Q

labels to look out for sunscreen

A
  • UVA and UVB protection
  • ‘broad spectrum’ or ‘multi-spectrum’
  • water/sweat proof
19
Q

how type of base of sunblock affect substantivity

A
  • gel/ water like: comes out more easily
  • aerosols: good for athletes, who need to cover places that are hard to reach, also more sweat proof
20
Q

how to apply sunscreen

A
  • apply liberally, at least 5-6 TSP for entire body
  • avoid eyes
  • apply at least 20 min before activity
  • sunscreen first than insect repellent
  • reapply at least every 2h
21
Q

existing supplement for suncare

A

Fernblock (Polypodium leucotomos; antioxidant)
- take 1 cap/d before sun exposure

22
Q

signs and symptoms of sunburn

A
  • erythema
  • warmth
  • pain or burning sensation
  • blisters usually absent
23
Q

exclusion to self care for sunburn

A
  • severe sunburn
  • worsening pain, swelling and/or pus from blister
  • dehydration
  • fever
  • extreme pain >= 48h
  • lack of improvement after 5d
24
Q

aim of management of sunburn

A
  1. relieve pain
  2. provide protection
  3. promoting healing
25
Q

management of sunburn

A
  1. stay well hydrated
  2. frequent cool baths and pat dry with cool/damp towel for 10-15 min a few times a day
  3. apply hydrogel or aloe vera gel
  4. take simple analgesics (paracetamol/ ibuprofen)
  5. apply moisturising lotion PRN
  6. avoid sun exposure until healed
  7. dont pop closed blisters
  8. cover open blisters with sterile dressing

Community Pharmacy (12 decks)

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