Traumatic Brain Injury Flashcards
It is an insult to the brain not of a degenerative or congenital nature caused by an external physical force
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Effects of TBI
Disturbance of behavioral or emotional functioning
Impairment of cognitive abilities or physical functioning
Leading cause of death and disability in children
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Brain injuries most likely result to
Death or permanent disability
In which age group is death rate higher for brain injury
< 4 years old than those 5-14 years of age
Leading cause of traumatic brain injury
< 14 years old: Falls
< 4 years old: Falls, Abusive injuries, Motor vehicles
What are the types of TBI for newborns?
Delivery Head Injury
Intercranial Hemorrhages
Cephalic Hematoma
What are the types of TBI for infants?
Accidental Head Injury
Abusive Head Trauma
What are the types of TBI for toddlers and schoolchildren?
Accidental Head Injury
What are the types of TBI for adolescents?
Bicycle-related injuries
Motorcycle-related injuries
Sports-related head injuries
Classifications of TBI
Mild
Moderate
Severe
Classifications of TBI
Mild
Moderate
Severe
Characteristics of Mild TBI
LOC for < 30 mins
Initial GCS score of 13-15 after 30 mins of onset
Post-traumatic amnesia not more than 24 hours
A type of TBI where there are no overt neuroimaging findings
Uncomplicated mTBI
A type of TBI where there are intracranial abnormalities seen on the CT scan or MRI
Complicated mTBI
Characteristics of Moderate TBI
LOC 1-24 hours
GCS score of 9-12 after 1-24 hours of onset
Characteristics of Severe TBI
LOC is more than 24 hours
GCS score of 3-8 after 7 days of onset
Physical Impairments in TBI
Speech
Hearing
Vision
Motor Coordination
Muscle Spasticity
Cognitive Impairments in TBI
Short-term memory deficits
Communication skills
Writing
Planning
Judging
Emotional Impairments in TBI
Anxiety
Depression
Mood swings
Denial
Self-centeredness
What is the medical management for TBI patients?
Monitoring of and control of cerebral circulation and intracranial pressure
Dosage of barbiturate
Stage of recovery where children exhibit eye-opening to external stimuli and generalized responses to noxious stimuli
First stage of recovery
The stage where children exhibit eye-opening to external stimuli and generalized responses to noxious stimuli.
1st stage of recovery
Stage of recovery where the child is often agitated and combative. However, the child is rarely aware of his/her actions.
2nd stage of recovery
